Environmental contamination with carbapenem resistant in healthcare settings in Fiji: a potential source of infection.

Introduction: There are multiple ongoing outbreaks of carbapenem resistant (CR) infection in Fiji's hospitals. CR is able to colonize and persist on various hospital surfaces for extended periods. We conducted a study to understand the extent of hospital environmental contamination and phylogenetic links with clinical isolates.

Effectiveness of Adenoidectomy as a Standalone Procedure in Improving the Quality of Life of Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and its sequel like nasal obstruction, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), recurrent rhinitis and middle ear disorders are common diseases of pediatric age group, forming the major bulk of pediatric outpatient visits. The recommended approach to treating OSA in children is through adenotonsillectomy. Adenoidectomy is the surgical procedure of removal of hypertrophied adenoid tissues, which is the most common surgery performed by Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) surgeons.

Molecular and clinical epidemiology of carbapenem resistant , and Enterobacterales in Fiji: a multicentre prospective observational study.

Background: Carbapenem resistant organisms (CROs) such as (CR), (CR), (CR), and (CR) have been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as global priority pathogens. The dissemination of these pathogens and clonal outbreaks within healthcare facilities are of serious concern, particularly in regions with limited resources. In Fiji, where healthcare services are primarily provided by public hospitals, understanding the extent and nature of this problem is essential for the development of effective patient management, prevention interventions and control strategies.

Human Subcutaneous Dirofilariasis.

Dirofilariasis is a zoonotic infection transmitted by several species of mosquitoes. A 16-year-old boy presented with forearm swelling of two months duration. Imaging studies revealed a parasitic cyst.

Feasibility, acceptability and clinical utility of the Cultural Formulation Interview: mixed-methods results from the DSM-5 international field trial.

There is a need for clinical tools to identify cultural issues in diagnostic assessment.To assess the feasibility, acceptability and clinical utility of the DSM-5 Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) in routine clinical practice.Mixed-methods evaluation of field trial data from six countries.

Clonal Hematopoiesis Associated With Adverse Outcomes After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Lymphoma.

Purpose Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an age-related condition characterized by somatic mutations in the blood of otherwise healthy adults. We hypothesized that in patients undergoing autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) for lymphoma, CHIP at the time of ASCT would be associated with an increased risk of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, collectively termed therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (TMN), and other adverse outcomes. Methods We performed whole-exome sequencing on pre- and post-ASCT samples from 12 patients who developed TMN after autologous transplantation for Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma and targeted sequencing on cryopreserved aliquots of autologous stem-cell products from 401 patients who underwent ASCT for non-Hodgkin lymphoma between 2003 and 2010.

Recommendations for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Surveillance for Female Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer: A Report From the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group in Collaboration With the PanCareSurFup Consortium.

Purpose: Female survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer who were treated with alkylating agents and/or radiation, with potential exposure of the ovaries, have an increased risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Clinical practice guidelines can facilitate these survivors' access to optimal treatment of late effects that may improve health and quality of survival; however, surveillance recommendations vary among the existing long-term follow-up guidelines, which impedes the implementation of screening.

Patients And Methods: The present guideline was developed by using an evidence-based approach and summarizes harmonized POI surveillance recommendations for female survivors of CAYA cancer who were diagnosed at age < 25 years.

CELF4 Variant and Anthracycline-Related Cardiomyopathy: A Children's Oncology Group Genome-Wide Association Study.

Purpose: Interindividual variability in the dose-dependent association between anthracyclines and cardiomyopathy suggests that genetic susceptibility could play a role. The current study uses an agnostic approach to identify genetic variants that could modify cardiomyopathy risk.

Methods: A genome-wide association study was conducted in childhood cancer survivors with and without cardiomyopathy (cases and controls, respectively).

Breast Cancer Risk in Childhood Cancer Survivors Without a History of Chest Radiotherapy: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Purpose: Little is known about the breast cancer risk among childhood cancer survivors who did not receive chest radiotherapy. We sought to determine the magnitude of risk and associated risk factors for breast cancer among these women.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated cumulative breast cancer risk in 3,768 female childhood cancer survivors without a history of chest radiotherapy who were participants in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Breast cancer after chest radiation therapy for childhood cancer.

Purpose: The risk of breast cancer is high in women treated for a childhood cancer with chest irradiation. We sought to examine variations in risk resulting from irradiation field and radiation dose.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated cumulative breast cancer risk in 1,230 female childhood cancer survivors treated with chest irradiation who were participants in the CCSS (Childhood Cancer Survivor Study).

Hyaluronan synthase 3 variant and anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy: a report from the children's oncology group.

Purpose: The strong dose-dependent association between anthracyclines and cardiomyopathy is further exacerbated by the co-occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes and hypertension). The high morbidity associated with cardiomyopathy necessitates an understanding of the underlying pathogenesis so that targeted interventions can be developed.

Patients And Methods: By using a two-stage design, we investigated host susceptibility to anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy by using the ITMAT/Broad CARe cardiovascular single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to profile common SNPs in 2,100 genes considered relevant to de novo cardiovascular disease.