Impact of eggshell membrane on metabolism and cell adhesion in oxidatively stressed canine chondrocytes.

Eggshell membrane (ESM) is a rich source of bioactive compounds, including proteins, peptides, and antioxidants, contributing to its potential therapeutic benefits. These natural antioxidants might help neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulate inflammatory responses, which are often linked with chondrocyte damage in osteoarthritis. In this study, we investigated the functional effects of ESM proteins on HO-induced oxidative stress in a neonatal canine chondrocytes.

Small mammals as hosts of vector-borne pathogens in the High Tatra Mountains region in Slovakia, Central Europe.

Rodents and insectivores are significant reservoirs of many zoonotic pathogens, contributing to the transmission of diseases affecting human and animal health. This study investigated the prevalence and diversity of vector-borne pathogens in small mammals within the High Tatras region of Slovakia, an area with substantial recreational activity and protected zones. A total of 156 small mammals, comprising ten species, were screened for pathogens such as spp.

Psychosocial distress in people with overweight and obesity: the role of weight stigma and social support.

We aimed to assess the role of weight stigma and social support in depression, anxiety, and loneliness controlling for sociodemographic and clinical variables. A total of 189 adults with overweight/obesity were included. Participants were recruited from outpatient clinics by general practitioners which covered all regions of Slovakia.

Carbonyl compounds of Rh, Ir, and Mt: electronic structure, bonding and volatility.

With the aim to render assistance to future experiments on the production and investigation of chemical properties of carbonyl compounds of element 109, Mt, calculations of the molecular properties of M(CO) and MH(CO), where M = Rh, Ir, and Mt, and of the products of their decomposition, M(CO) and MH(CO), were performed using relativistic Density Functional Theory and Coupled-Cluster methods implemented in the ADF, ReSpect and DIRAC software suites. According to the results, MH(CO) should be formed at experimental conditions from the M atom with a mixture of CO and He gases. The calculated first M-CO bond dissociation energies (FBDE) of Mt(CO) and MtH(CO) turned out to be significantly weaker than those of the corresponding Ir homologs.

The expanded theory of planned behavior for energy saving among academics in Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Slovakia.

Given the escalating global energy consumption and the concurrent economic and energy crises, energy-saving behaviour must be adopted on a large scale. Universities that are energy-intensive institutions should be one of the institutions where energy-saving behaviour is widely adopted. Academics devote a substantial portion of their time to their offices, which leads to increased energy usage.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

On-the-fly resolution enhancement in X-ray protein crystallography using electric field.

X-ray crystallography has tremendously served structural biology by routinely providing high-resolution 3D structures of macromolecules. The extent of information encoded in the X-ray crystallography is proportional to which resolution the crystals diffract and the structure can be refined to. Therefore, there is a continuous effort to obtain high-quality crystals, especially for those proteins, which are considered difficult to crystallize into high-quality protein crystals of suitable sizes for X-ray crystallography.

Population structure of Clinostomum complanatum (Trematoda: Digenea) with new data on haplotype diversity of flukes from Slovakia and Italy.

The fluke Clinostomum complanatum, a parasite of piscivorous birds, but also reptiles and rarely mammals, has established several foci in the western Palaearctic regions. Previous studies pointed out the complicated taxonomy of the genus, but broader population genetic analysis of C. complanatum has not yet been carried out.

Current practices in prevention, screening, and treatment of diabetes in kidney transplant recipients: European survey highlights from the ERA DESCARTES Working Group.

Background: Although post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication after kidney transplantation, there are few data on prevention, optimal screening, and treatment strategies.

Methods: The European Renal Association's DESCARTES working group distributed a web-based survey to European transplant centres to gather information on risk assessment, screening procedures, and management practices for preventing and treating PTDM in kidney transplant recipients.

Results: Answers were obtained from 121/241 transplant centres (50%) across 15 European countries.

PET Imaging of a Transgenic Tau Rat Model SHR24 with [F]AV1451.

Purpose: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans with radioligands targeting tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) have accelerated our understanding of the role of misfolded tau in neurodegeneration. While intended for human research, applying these radioligands to small animals establishes a vital translational link. Transgenic animal models of dementia, such as the tau rat SHR24, play a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of these disorders.

Association between extracellular DNA levels, markers of inflammation and left ventricular mass index in children with chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, but the primary factors triggering this inflammation remain unclear. Extracellular or cell-free DNA (exDNA) originates from virtually all tissues, being released during cell death, and stimulates the innate immune system. Our study was designed as an observational, cross-sectional cohort study of children with CKD (both before and after kidney transplantation) and controls to analyze associations between exDNA, markers of inflammation, and cardiovascular health.

The association of origin and environmental conditions with performance in professional IRONMAN triathletes.

We have (i) little knowledge about where the fastest professional IRONMAN triathletes originate from and where the fastest races take place and (ii) we have no knowledge of the optimal weather conditions for an IRONMAN triathlon. The aims of the present study were, therefore, (i) to investigate the origin and the fastest IRONMAN race courses for professional triathletes and (ii) to evaluate the best environmental conditions (i.e.

Nanotubular clay minerals for simultaneous sorption of pesticides and PFCAs: a molecular simulation study.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and herbicides are important persistent contaminants that require specific management. A variety of herbicides is stored in fluorinated containers in the form of aquatic solutions. In such environments, the simultaneous release of PFAS and herbicides takes place.

A consensus on the definition of positive animal welfare.

The concept of animal welfare is evolving due to progress in our scientific understanding of animal biology and changing societal expectations. Animal welfare science has been primarily concerned with minimizing suffering, but there is growing interest in also promoting positive experiences, grouped under the term positive animal welfare (PAW). However, there are discrepancies in the use of the term PAW.

Cardiac acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase have distinct localization and function.

Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors are under consideration to be used in the treatment of cardiovascular pathologies. A prerequisite to advancing ChE inhibitors into the clinic is their thorough characterization in the heart. The aim here was to provide a detailed analysis of cardiac ChE to understand their molecular composition, localization, and physiological functions.

Immunohistochemical analysis of 147 cases of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: refining the immunohistochemical profile of LG-ESS on a large, molecularly confirmed series.

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) can present diagnostic challenges, due to its overlapping morphological features with other uterine mesenchymal tumors. Misdiagnosis rates remain significant, and immunohistochemical data for LG-ESS are limited to small series and inconsistent antibody panels. This study aimed to refine the IHC profile of LG-ESS by analyzing a large, molecularly confirmed series of 147 cases using a panel of 24 antibodies, including newer markers like transgelin and smoothelin.

Endovascular versus Best Medical Treatment for Acute Carotid Occlusion BelOw Circle of Willis (ACOBOW): The ACOBOW Study.

Background Symptomatic acute occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) below the circle of Willis can cause a variety of stroke symptoms, even if the major intracranial cerebral arteries remain patent; however, outcome and safety data are limited. Purpose To compare treatment effects and procedural safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) and best medical treatment (BMT) in patients with symptomatic acute occlusions of the ICA below the circle of Willis. Materials and Methods This retrospective, multicenter cohort study from 22 comprehensive stroke centers in Europe and Asia includes patients treated between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2022.

Pembrolizumab- induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus in a patient with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and literature review.

Considering the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment, our aim is to report a rare cutaneous immune-related adverse event induced by PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab and provide a brief overview of pembrolizumab-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) cases in the literature. We report a 67-year-old woman with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who developed SCLE during treatment with pembrolizumab. After 18 weeks (sixth cycle) of pembrolizumab immunotherapy, a widespread pruritic erythematous rash evaluated as grade 3 immune-related adverse event appeared primarily on the patient's limbs.

Combination Therapy of Curcumin and Cisplatin Encapsulated in Niosome Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oral Cancer Treatment.

Oral cavity cancer poses a significant health threat due to its aggressive nature and limited responsiveness to traditional therapies like chemotherapy and radiation, highlighting the need for more effective treatment options. To address this, researchers have explored a novel approach using niosome nanoparticles to co-encapsulate curcumin (CUR) and cisplatin (Cis), to enhance therapeutic efficacy. While CUR has anti-cancer properties, its poor bioavailability limits its effectiveness.

Microbiological effect of topically applied on equine pastern dermatitis.

Equine pastern dermatitis (EPD) is a multifactorial disease with a change in the skin microbiome. The present study monitored the influence of Biocenol™ 4/8 D37 CCM 9015 stabilized on alginite on the skin microbiota of healthy horses and model patients with EPD. Based on clinical signs, EPD lesions were identified as exudative or proliferative forms.

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-bioactive glass (BG) systems for biomedical applications - A review.

In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for biomedical applications, owing to their superior chemical versatility, unique textural properties and enhanced mechanical properties. However, their fast and uncontrolled degradation, together with the reduced bioactivity have restricted their clinical potential. To overcome these limitations, MOFs can be synergistically combined with other materials, such as bioactive glasses (BGs), known for their bioactivity and therapeutic ion releasing capabilities.

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists.

Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries - the TISP dataset.

Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries.

Plasma transfusions in neonatal intensive care units: a prospective observational study.

Objective: Despite lack of evidence supporting efficacy, prophylactic fresh frozen plasma and Octaplas transfusions may be administered to very preterm infants to reduce bleeding risk. International variation in plasma transfusion practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is poorly understood, therefore, we aimed to describe neonatal plasma transfusion practice in Europe.

Design: Prospective observational study.