Analysis of COVID-19 patient outcomes with molnupiravir treatment and the role of risk factors: a single-centre retrospective descriptive study.

Objective: This study aims to describe the outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated with molnupiravir and to explore the associations with various risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre, descriptive, retrospective study without a comparison group.

Results: Out of 141 patients, 70 (49.

Eating behaviours and associated lifestyle factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents.

Objectives: An unhealthy lifestyle, inappropriate eating habits, and inadequate physical activity are the most common risk factors affecting health and causing the premature onset of non-communicable diseases. The study aimed to evaluate lifestyle factors, eating habits, and daily regimens in a sample of Slovak adolescents.

Methods: The sample involves 524 students aged 15-22 years attending selected secondary schools from the model region of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia.

Predictive parameters of cardiovascular risk in younger school-age children.

Objectives: Overweight and obesity are important concerns for global health. They are characterized by excessive fat accumulation that can harm health. Childhood obesity has reached alarming levels around the world due to urbanization and changes in lifestyle.

Lockdown influence on diet and physical activity of seniors; has it weight consequences?

Objectives: Many studies draw attention to the negative consequences of the pandemic or lockdown on the well-being and lifestyle of different sections of the population. This study considers whether changes occurred in dietary regime and level of physical activity during three periods - before the pandemic, during the lockdown, and during the present in older Slovak adults. We also investigate whether individual weights changed during the pandemic.

Continuous metabolic syndrome score in cardiovascular risk assessment in adolescents.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence in a sample of adolescents, to calculate their continuous metabolic syndrome scores, and to determine the associations of continuous metabolic syndrome score with overweight/obesity and selected cardiometabolic and lifestyle factors.

Methods: We enrolled a sample of 2,590 adolescents (1,180 males, mean age 17.1 ± 1.

Assessment of depressive disorders and states of anxiety in patients following cerebrovascular accidents in connection with health care provision.

Objective: Anxiety and depression in patients following cerebrovascular accidents are among frequently occurring complications of the medical condition. The consequences affect personal, family, professional, and social life. They cause severe functional and cognitive impairments, limit the ability to perform normal daily activities, which can result in complete disability.

Comparison of occupational diseases development during one decade in the Slovak and Czech Republic.

Objectives: An occupational disease (OD) is a disorder or health condition which arises due to work related activities and tasks or is caused by work environment. The impact of ODs on medical and social system may be considered as a very important in relation to mortality, morbidity, and invalidity. The most common ODs in the European Union are musculoskeletal disorders (58% of all ODs in 2015).

Assessment of potentially unnecessary antibiotic use for suspected urinary tract infections in nursing homes using a simplified algorithm.

Background: Nursing home (NH) residents are frequently treated with antibiotics for urinary tract infections (UTIs), often due to overdiagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proportion of potentially unnecessary antibiotic use for suspected UTIs in NHs across eight European countries.

Research Design And Methods: Over a three-month period (February to April 2024), NH professionals recorded information on all antibiotic treatments for UTIs using a specific registration chart.

Mechanochemical Palladium-catalyzed Cross-coupling of Thianthrenium Salts and Arylboronic Acids.

Cross-coupling reactions are indispensable for the construction of complex molecular scaffolds. In this work, we developed a sustainable methodology for the cross-coupling reaction of arene thianthrenium salts with aryl boronic acids, which can be effectively realized under mechanochemical conditions. Liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) enabled fast and high-yielding synthesis of a range of biaryls via Pd/RuPhos-catalyzed cross-coupling.

Contribution to European representatives of the genus : Two new species and neotypification of .

and are described here as new species closely related to . is described from Slovakia and Sweden, but is probably more widespread, especially in alpine regions of Central and Northern Europe. , a well delimited species based on molecular characters, is known only from Slovakia, but probably it is more widespread across Europe and misidentified as .

Deep Learning for Biomarker Discovery in Cancer Genomes.

Background: Genomic data is essential for clinical decision-making in precision oncology. Bioinformatic algorithms are widely used to analyze next-generation sequencing (NGS) data, but they face two major challenges. First, these pipelines are highly complex, involving multiple steps and the integration of various tools.

Prospective study on time-to-tertiary care in alcohol-associated hepatitis: space-time coordinates as prognostic tool and therapeutic target.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) frequently triggers acute decompensation (AD) in cirrhosis, with severe AH linked to high short-term mortality, especially in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Current corticosteroid treatments have limited efficacy, highlighting the need for new therapies. We hypothesized that severe AH outcomes are influenced by early specialized care; thus, we examined the impact of time-to-tertiary care (TTTc).

Quantum chemical study of molecular properties of small branched-chain amino acids in water.

Four aliphatic amino acids-α-aminobutyric acid (AABA), β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), α-aminoisobutyric acid (AAIBA) and β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) were investigated in water as a solvent by two quantum chemical methods. B3LYP hybrid version of DFT was used for geometry optimization and a full vibrational analysis of neutral molecules, their cations and anions in the canonical and zwitterionic forms (6 forms for each species). Ab initio DLPNO-CCSD(T) method was applied in the geometry pre-optimized by B3LYP.

Whole genome sequencing completes the molecular genetic testing workflow of patients with Lynch syndrome.

Multigene panel tests (MGPTs) revolutionized the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome (LS), however noncoding pathogenic variants (PVs) can only be detected by complementary methods including whole genome sequencing (WGS). Here we present a DNA-, RNA- and tumor tissue-based WGS prioritization workflow for patients with a suspicion of LS where MGPT detected no LS-related PV. Among the 100 enrolled patients, MGPT detected 28 simple PVs and an additional 3 complex PVs.

Hemiparasitic plants facilitate ecological restoration of encroached European grasslands.

Species-rich grasslands of temperate Europe are threatened by the spread and increasing dominance of the rhizomatous grass Calamagrostis epigejos. Native hemiparasitic Rhinanthus species have been proposed as biocontrol to suppress C. epigejos, but experimental evidence is limited.

Discordance, accuracy and reproducibility study of pathologists' diagnosis of melanoma and melanocytic tumors.

Accurate melanoma diagnosis is crucial for patient outcomes and reliability of AI diagnostic tools. We assess interrater variability among eight expert pathologists reviewing histopathological images and clinical metadata of 792 melanoma-suspicious lesions prospectively collected at eight German hospitals. Moreover, we provide access to the largest panel-validated dataset featuring dermoscopic and histopathological images with metadata.

Modification of peroxidase activity and proteome in maize exposed to cadmium in the presence of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides.

We tested the effects of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides (GGMOs) and/or cadmium (Cd) on peroxidase activity and the proteome in maize (Zea mays L.) roots and leaves. Our previous work confirmed that GGMOs ameliorate the symptoms of Cd stress in seedlings.

Rapid rise in atmospheric CO marked the end of the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age.

Atmospheric CO is thought to play a fundamental role in Earth's climate regulation. Yet, for much of Earth's geological past, atmospheric CO has been poorly constrained, hindering our understanding of transitions between cool and warm climates. Beginning ~370 million years ago in the Late Devonian and ending ~260 million years ago in the Permian, the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age was the last major glaciation preceding the current Late Cenozoic Ice Age and possibly the most intense glaciation witnessed by complex lifeforms.

Indication of air pollution based on the comparison of mercury and other elements in the faeces of marmots from the Western Carpathians and the Dzungarian Alatau.

The Dzungarian Alatau in Central Asia and the Western Carpathians in Central Europe are exposed to anthropogenic sources of pollution that are impacting high-altitude mountain systems through long-range transport of emissions. Based on analyses of the autumn faeces of two species of marmots (Marmota baibacina from the alpine habitats of Zhongar Alatau National Park, Marmota marmota latirostris from the alpine habitats of the Western Tatras), we determined the environmental load of mercury and other chemical elements. Our results show significantly higher levels of total mercury amounts (p < 0.

Subjective cognitive functioning in patients with cancer: A network approach.

Purpose: The current study aimed to (1) examine the sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors related to subjective cognitive functioning (SCF); (2) analyze the complex mutual interconnections between SCFs; and (3) address patients' perspectives on SCF and supportive care.

Method: A heterogeneous sample of oncological patients ( = 566) was recruited.Items inquiring about the senses, attention, memory, spatial functions, decision-making and speech were administered.

Alchemical Free-Energy Calculations at Quantum-Chemical Precision.

In the past decade, machine-learned potentials (MLP) have demonstrated the capability to predict various QM properties learned from a set of reference QM calculations. Accordingly, hybrid QM/MM simulations can be accelerated by replacement of expensive QM calculations with efficient MLP energy predictions. At the same time, alchemical free-energy perturbations (FEP) remain unachievable at the QM level of theory.

ECG Patterns of Occlusion Myocardial Infarction: A Narrative Review.

The traditional management of acute coronary syndrome has relied on the identification of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as a proxy of acute coronary occlusion. This conflation of STEMI with acute coronary occlusion has historically overshadowed non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), despite evidence suggesting 25% to 34% of NSTEMI cases may also include acute coronary occlusion. Current limitations in the STEMI/NSTEMI binary framework underscore the need for a revised approach to chest pain and acute coronary syndrome management.

Nineteenth-century land use shapes the current occurrence of some plant species, but weakly affects the richness and total composition of Central European grasslands.

Context: Historical land use is thought to have influenced plant community diversity, composition and function through the local persistence of taxa that reflect ecological conditions of the past.

Objectives: We tested for the effects of historical land use on contemporary plant species richness, composition, and ecological preferences in the grassland vegetation of Central Europe.

Methods: We analyzed 6975 vegetation plots sampled between 1946 and 2021 in dry, mesic, and wet grasslands in the borderland between Austria, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia.