Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Pitolisant for Residual Sleepiness Due to OSA.

Background: In people with OSA, excessive daytime sleepiness is a prominent symptom and can persist despite adherence to CPAP, the first-line therapy for OSA. Pitolisant was effective in reducing daytime sleepiness in two 12-week randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one in patients adherent to CPAP (BF2.649 in Patients With OSA and Treated by CPAP But Still Complaining of EDS [HAROSA 1]) and the other in patients refusing or not tolerating CPAP (BF2.

Mental Imagery in Dreams of Congenitally Blind People.

It is unclear to what extent the absence of vision affects the sensory sensitivity for oneiric construction. Similarly, the presence of visual imagery in the mentation of dreams of congenitally blind people has been largely disputed. We investigate the presence and nature of oneiric visuo-spatial impressions by analysing 180 dreams of seven congenitally blind people identified from the online database DreamBank.

Effects of Weight Change and Weight Cycling on Lung Function in Overweight and Obese Adults.

Epidemiological studies have reported on the detrimental effects on lung function after natural, and thus limited, weight gain in unselected populations. Studies on bariatric surgery, on the contrary, have indicated large improvements in lung function after substantial weight loss. To study the associations between profound weight loss or gain and pulmonary function within the same population.

Snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, and upper respiratory tract infection in elementary school children in Japan.

Purpose: Both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the common cold are disorders of the upper respiratory tract, and may be associated. However, studies on the association between OSA and upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in children are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between snoring, the severity of OSA, and URTI in elementary school children.

Cardiomyopathy as cause of death in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a longitudinal observational study.

Background: Cardiomyopathy has become an important life-limiting factor since survival in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has greatly increased with long-term ventilation and cough assistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and survival.

Methods: In a >20-year observational study in patients with DMD (age ≥16 years) with at least three echocardiograms, the association between LVEF and survival and time to cardiac or non-cardiac death was investigated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression (for LVEF).

Mapping the insomnia patient journey in Europe and Canada.

Introduction: Insomnia affects daily functioning and overall health, and is thus associated with significant individual, societal, and economic burden. The experience of patients living with insomnia, their perception of the condition, and its impact on their quality of life is not well documented. The objective of this study was to map the patient journey in insomnia and identify unmet needs.

The neurophysiologic landscape of the sleep onset: a systematic review.

Background: The sleep onset process is an ill-defined complex process of transition from wakefulness to sleep, characterized by progressive modifications at the subjective, behavioural, cognitive, and physiological levels. To this date, there is no international consensus which could aid a principled characterisation of this process for clinical research purposes. The current review aims to systemise the current knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of the natural heterogeneity of this process.

Central sleep apnea treated by a constant low-dose CO supplied by a novel device.

CO inhalation has been previously reported as a treatment for central sleep apnea both when associated with heart failure or where the cause is unknown. Here, we evaluated a novel CO supply system using a novel open mask capable of comfortably delivering a constantly inspired fraction of CO ([Formula: see text]) during sleep. We recruited 18 patients with central sleep apnea (13 patients with cardiac disease, and 5 patients idiopathic) diagnosed by diaphragm electromyogram (EMG) recordings made during overnight full polysomnography (PSG) ().

Sleep Disturbances in Autoimmune Neurological Diseases.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize the current evidence on the associations between autoimmune neurological diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis) and sleep disturbances (e.

Domiciliary transcutaneous electrical stimulation in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and limited adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy: a single-centre, open-label, randomised, controlled phase III trial.

Background: Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a novel way to manage the condition. We hypothesised that in patients with OSA and limited adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, domiciliary transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TESLA) would control sleep apnoea and provide health benefits.

Methods: We undertook a single-centre, open-label, randomised, controlled phase III trial in patients with OSA (apnoea-hypopnoea-index [AHI] 5-35 h), a BMI of 18.

Single-centre, single-blinded, randomised, parallel group, feasibility study protocol investigating if mandibular advancement device treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea can reduce nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux (MAD-Reflux trial).

Introduction: Just under half of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) also have gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). These conditions appear to be inter-related and continual positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, the gold standard treatment for OSA to prevent airway collapse, has been shown to reduce GORD. As the impact of mandibular advancement devices, a second-line therapy for OSA, on GORD has yet to be investigated, a feasibility study is needed prior to a definitive trial.

FACE study: 2-year follow-up of adaptive servo-ventilation for sleep-disordered breathing in a chronic heart failure cohort.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with worse prognosis.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) on morbidity and mortality in a large heterogeneous population of HF patients with different etiologies/phenotypes.

Methods: Consecutive HF patients with predominant central sleep apnea (± obstructive sleep apnea) indicated for ASV were included; the control group included patients who refused or stopped ASV before three months follow-up.

Sex differences in alpha-synucleinopathies: a systematic review.

Background: Past research indicates a higher prevalence, incidence, and severe clinical manifestations of alpha-synucleinopathies in men, leading to a suggestion of neuroprotective properties of female sex hormones (especially estrogen). The potential pathomechanisms of any such effect on alpha-synucleinopathies, however, are far from understood. With that aim, we undertook to systematically review, and to critically assess, contemporary evidence on sex and gender differences in alpha-synucleinopathies using a bench-to-bedside approach.

The prevalence of treatment-emergent central sleep apnea with mandibular advancement device therapy.

Study Objectives: Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA) describes the appearance or persistence of central sleep apnea while undergoing treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. TECSA is well studied in continuous positive airway pressure therapy with an estimated prevalence of 8%. Based on a few case reports, mandibular advancement devices (MAD) may also provoke TECSA.

Towards automatic EEG cyclic alternating pattern analysis: a systematic review.

This study conducted a systematic review to determine the feasibility of automatic Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) analysis. Specifically, this review followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to address the formulated research question: is automatic CAP analysis viable for clinical application? From the identified 1,280 articles, the review included 35 studies that proposed various methods for examining CAP, including the classification of A phase, their subtypes, or the CAP cycles. Three main trends were observed over time regarding A phase classification, starting with mathematical models or features classified with a tuned threshold, followed by using conventional machine learning models and, recently, deep learning models.

Beneficial Effects of Early Intervention Telemedicine-based Follow-Up in Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial.

Positive airway pressure (PAP) is standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. Telemedicine has been introduced for improved PAP follow-up. Our study aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of and patient satisfaction with PAP follow-up with an early intervention telemedical protocol.

Visuo-spatial imagery in dreams of congenitally and early blind: a systematic review.

Background: The presence of visual imagery in dreams of congenitally blind people has long been a matter of substantial controversy. We set to systematically review body of published work on the presence and nature of oneiric visuo-spatial impressions in congenitally and early blind subjects across different areas of research, from experimental psychology, functional neuroimaging, sensory substitution, and sleep research.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified using the following databases: EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsychINFO.

The Contribution of Sleep Texture in the Characterization of Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is multi-faceted world-wide-distributed disorder exerting deep effects on the sleeping brain. In the latest years, strong efforts have been dedicated to finding novel measures assessing the real impact and severity of the pathology, traditionally trivialized by the simplistic apnea/hypopnea index. Due to the unavoidable connection between OSA and sleep, we reviewed the key aspects linking the breathing disorder with sleep pathophysiology, focusing on the role of cyclic alternating pattern (CAP).

The DS-14 questionnaire: psychometric characteristics and utility in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Unlabelled: Little is known about type D personality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The DS-14 questionnaire is the standard tool to assess this personality type, but it has not been properly validated in patients with OSA, nor has it been correlated with clinical features in these patients.

Purpose: To determine the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the DS-14 questionnaire, as well as the prevalence of type D personality in the overall OSA sample and subgroups.

Sleep Architecture Patterns in Critically Ill Patients and Survivors of Critical Illness: A Retrospective Study.

Sleep abnormalities are very frequent in critically ill patients during and after intensive care unit (ICU) stays. Their mechanisms are poorly understood. The odds ratio product (ORP) is a continuous metric (range, 0.

Quantitative Measurement of Pharyngeal Dimensions During Drug-induced Sleep Endoscopy for Oral Appliance Outcome.

Objective: To quantitatively investigate the effect of mandibular advancement devices (MADs) on pharyngeal airway dimensions in a transverse plane as measured during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE).

Methods: Data from 56 patients, treated with MAD at 75% maximal protrusion and with baseline Apnea-Hypopnea Index ≥10 events/h, were analyzed. For each patient, three snapshots were selected from DISE video footage at baseline, with MAD presence, and during chin lift, resulting in 498 images (168/168/162, baseline/MAD/chin lift).