Computer-Guided Navigation System Efficiency Evaluation Using Surgical Instruments for Spinal Fusion.

Background: Navigation surgical systems have been widely used in spinal fusion to ensure accuracy and safety during pedicle screw insertion.

Methods: The research was performed under laboratory conditions, using stereotactic navigation, surgical instruments for spinal fusion, development of additional devices and software. During the experiments, all stages of the computed tomography-guided navigation system use were performed-preoperative preparation of patient data and planning to provide visual control of the navigation of surgical instruments during the insertion of screws.

[The effect of surgical technique on the long-term results of treatment of brain aneurysms].

Objective: To study the long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysms (CA) after using different methods of excluding the aneurysm from the bloodstream.

Material And Methods: We analyzed the long-term results of surgical treatment of 311 patients for CA (on average after 3.5 years).

Gastroprotective Effect of GABA in Metabolic Stress.

We studied the effect of enteral administration of GABA on the gastric mucosa in male Wistar rats (n=47) with modeled metabolic stress (food deprivation for 9 days with free access to water). The relative weights of the adrenal glands and thymus were determined, and histological examination of the stomach was performed. In control rats, modeling the metabolic stress was accompanied by the development of erosive damage to the gastric mucosa related to blood supply disturbances.

[The use of the dura mater at the final stage of reconstructive plastic surgical treatment of cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and trachea].

The article presents an analysis of the plastic reconstructive surgery effectiveness for patients with an extended tracheal defect using an allograft based on the dura mater (DM) at the final stage of surgical treatment of laryngeal and tracheal cicatricial stenosis. The study included 20 patients with cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and trachea, who were previously performed plastic reconstructive treatment with scar tissue excision in the lumen of the respiratory tract and restoration of the supporting frame of the larynx and trachea using allografts based on costal allocartilage. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 54 years, the duration of the disease was from 1 to 5 years.

A First Experience of Distant Lung Preservation for Transplantation in the Russian Federation.

Lung transplant is an effective method of treating patients with end-stage respiratory diseases, but problems such as the imbalance between the number of donor organs and the number ofrecipients needing organs still play a leading role. From a transplant point of view, a multiorgan donor is considered of greatest efficiency, so that all organs that can potentially be used should be transplanted. The combination of the vast geographical territory of Russia, the shortage of actual donors, and the relatively small number of transplant centers has led to the need to transport donor lungs by air over long distances.

[Description of the case of adverse pasteurellosis in a cirrhosis patient. Case report].

The article describes a clinical case of an unfavorable course of pasteurellosis in a patient with liver cirrhosis. Possible variants of the clinical course, clinical and epidemiological data, on the basis of which pasteurellosis can be suspected, modern recommendations for antibiotic therapy are considered.

Morphofunctional Properties of Spindle-Shaped Platelets.

Morphofunctional properties of spindle-shaped platelets under normal and pathological conditions were studied by the method based on vital staining. In donor blood and plasma isolated by centrifugation at 300g, no spindle-shaped platelets were detected; after centrifugation at 3000g, spindle-shaped platelets were detected in a small amount in 20% samples. During plasma storage at 20-22°C, spindle-shaped platelets appeared after 1-2 days, after 3 days their number increased to 30% and higher.

Sleep Disorders in Post-COVID Syndrome: A Psychiatric or Neurological Problem?

The coronavirus pandemic that began in 2019 continues. COVID-19 adversely affects human health not only in the acute, but also in the long-term period of the disease: in a large percentage of cases, health is not fully restored after long periods, requires medical intervention, and is often difficult to correct. Researchers noted during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020 that about 10-20% of patients did not fully recover by three weeks from disease onset and the possible duration of the recovery period remains insufficiently clear, as do the reasons for differences in course during this period.

[Possible changes in the electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram after the introduction of peripheral muscle relaxants].

Objective: To evaluate the changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) parameters in time, coinciding with the changes recorded by the electrocardiogram (ECG) channel in patients after the introduction of peripheral muscle relaxants.

Material And Methods: Twenty-four patients were examined in intensive care units on artificial lung ventilation (ALV). During the study, myographic artifacts were recorded in all patients in the EEG, the elimination of which was impossible without the use of pharmacological agents leading to relaxation of muscles - muscle relaxants of peripheral action.

Regulation of Human Platelet Adhesion with Ascorbic Acid.

Morphofunctional characteristics of human platelets in the presence of 0.1-5 mM ascorbic acid were studied. The platelet ability to form lamellae and the preservation of granules in platelets in suspension and during adhesion were evaluated.

[Cinnabarinic acid as a potential prognostic marker of schizophrenia].

Objective: To develop a method for determining cinnabarinic acid (CA) and its immediate precursor 3-hydroxyanthranylic acid (3HAA) in blood plasma and to study their concentrations in patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out on a sample of 23 female patients with an attack-like progredient schizophrenia (F20.01).

Growth-Stimulating Effect of Platelet Preparations Obtained by Different Methods on Human Fibroblast Culture.

We studied the growth-stimulating effect of platelet-based preparations obtained by different methods on cultured human fibroblasts M-22. Platelet lysates prepared from platelet-rich plasma, platelet-poor plasma, concentrated suspension of platelets washed from plasma, and platelet-rich plasma activated with calcium chloride (ActPRP) were used. The volume of the platelet preparations was 10-500 μl per 10 cells.

[Evaluation of the association of polymorphisms of the CYP2C8 gene with the efficacy and safety of ketorolac in patients with postoperative pain syndrome].

Aim: To evaluate the possible association of CYP2C8 gene polymorphisms with the clinical efficacy and safety of ketorolac in relation to postoperative pain.

Materials And Methods: The study included 107 patients after video laparoscopic cholecystectomy, who received ketorolac (30 mg 2.0 w/m 3 r/d) as postoperative pain relief.

[Advanced glycation end products and oxidative stress as a basis for metabolic abnormalities in patients with type 1 diabetes after successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation].

Aim: To compare advanced glycation end-products (AGE, RAGE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-HT) in patients with DM 1 after successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) and kidney transplantation alone (KTA). To assess relationship between levels of AGE, RAGE, 3-HT and renal transplant (RT) function, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism.

Materials And Methods: The study included 58 patients who received kidney transplantation in end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

[The changes in electroencephalogram parameters in patients in the somatogenic phase of acute poisoning with opioid receptor agonists].

Objective: To evaluate the parameters of the electroencephalogram (EEG) using the methods of computer processing of EEG data for an approach to the analysis of possible neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the fluctuations detected in the EEG in patients in the somatogenic phase of acute poisoning with opioid receptor agonists.

Material And Methods: Thirty-one patients were examined in the somatogenic phase of acute poisoning with opioid receptor agonists with a wakefulness level 3 to 15 points on the Glasgow Coma Scale. The EEG was recorded in accordance with the recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.

Fast parametric curve matching (FPCM) for automatic spike detection.

. Epilepsy is a widely spread neurological disease, whose treatment often requires resection of the pathological cortical tissue. Interictal spike analysis observed in the non-invasively collected EEG or MEG data offers an attractive way to localize epileptogenic cortical structures for surgery planning purposes.

Novel prognostic determinants of COVID-19-related mortality: A pilot study on severely-ill patients in Russia.

COVID-19 pandemic has posed a severe healthcare challenge calling for an integrated approach in determining the clues for early non-invasive diagnostics of the potentially severe cases and efficient patient stratification. Here we analyze the clinical, laboratory and CT scan characteristics associated with high risk of COVID-19-related death outcome in the cohort of severely-ill patients in Russia. The data obtained reveal that elevated dead lymphocyte counts, decreased early apoptotic lymphocytes, decreased CD14+/HLA-Dr+ monocytes, increased expression of JNK in PBMCs, elevated IL-17 and decreased PAI-1 serum levels are associated with a high risk of COVID-19-related mortality thus suggesting them to be new prognostic factors.

The importance of laboratory parameters of the lipid transport system and adipose tissue hormones in assessing the course of chronic.

The main manifestations of metabolic syndrome (MS) are disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and their hormonal regulation. The combined nature of metabolic disorders can significantly affect the course and prognosis of CHF in elderly people with metabolic syndrome. To determine the features of the combined effect of metabolic laboratory parameters and biological active factors of adipose tissue in patients with CHF and metabolic syndrome on the course of the disease.

[The role of atherosclerotic coronary arteries lesions in development of new-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery].

Aim    To study the relationship between the type of circulation, severity and localization of atherosclerotic damage of coronary arteries, results of laboratory and instrumental tests, and historical data in patients with multivascular coronary lesions and atrial fibrillation (AF) that developed after coronary bypass surgery.Material and methods    This was a novel, retrospective study of data of patients after elective coronary bypass surgery at the Cardiac Surgery Department #1 of the N.V.

[Endoprosthetic repair of iliac artery aneurysm with a branch of the Anaconda stent graft].

An iliac artery aneurysm is characterized by arterial lumen dilatation which is more than 1.5 times greater than the normal diameter of the artery. In clinical practice, this pathology is rarely encountered, being associated with arterial hypertension and smoking, and more often observed in men.

Efficacy of the new therapeutic approach in curing malignant neoplasms on the model of human glioblastoma.

Objective: Glioma is a highly invasive tumor, frequently disposed in essential areas of the brain, which makes its surgical excision extremely difficult; meanwhile adjuvant therapy remains quite ineffective.

Methods: In the current report, a new therapeutic approach in curing malignant neoplasms has been performed on the U87 human glioblastoma model. This approach, termed "Karanahan", is aimed at the eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which were recently shown to be capable of internalizing fragments of extracellular double-stranded DNA.

Tracheostomy management in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an International Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Current practices regarding tracheostomy in patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for acute respiratory distress syndrome are unknown. Our objectives were to assess the prevalence and the association between the timing of tracheostomy (during or after ECMO weaning) and related complications, sedative, and analgesic use.

Methods: International, multicenter, retrospective study in four large volume ECMO centers during a 9-year period.

Laboratory indicators of pathological changes in patients with chronic heart failure with metabolic syndrome.

The presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) significantly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases that lead to chronic heart failure (CHF). The values of NT-proBNP, ST-2, and CRP markers and their mutual correlations were studied in 37 patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) without metabolic syndrome (MS) (group 1) and 37 patients with CHF with MS (group 2). The aim of the study was to determine the features of their changes in patients with CHF complicated by MS, and to rank patients by assigning a rank value to the values of NTproBNP, ST2, and CRP concentrations.

Impact of pathogen reduction methods on immunological properties of the COVID-19 convalescent plasma.

Background And Objectives: COVID-19 convalescent plasma is an experimental treatment against SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of different pathogen reduction methods on the levels and virus neutralizing activity of the specific antibodies against SARS-CoV2 in convalescent plasma.

Materials And Methods: A total of 140 plasma doses collected by plasmapheresis from COVID-19 convalescent donors were subjected to pathogen reduction by three methods: methylene blue (M)/visible light, riboflavin (R)/UVB and amotosalen (A)/UVA.

Clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of ECMO-associated hemorrhagic complications.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used to treat severe cases of acute respiratory or cardiac failure. Hemorrhagic complications represent one of the most common complications during ECMO, and can be life threatening. The purpose of this study was to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms of ECMO-associated hemorrhagic complications and their impact on standard and viscoelastic coagulation tests.