Childhood-Onset Takayasu Arteritis: Clinical Features of Disease and Relapse Risk Factors.

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a systemic vasculitis that primarily affects the aorta and major arteries. Despite aggressive treatment with glucocorticoids (GCs) and non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (nbDMARDs), about 30% of patients experience resistance to therapy or relapse. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with refractory and relapse TA in pediatric patients.

A case of simultaneous bilateral pulmonary resection for arteriovenous pulmonary malformation.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a congenital vascular pathology, which is caused by the presence of a direct connection between the branches of the artery and the veins of the lungs, and the discharge of unoxygenated blood into the arterial bed. Arteriovenous malformations are characterized by a wide variety of clinical manifestations and, in some cases, may be accompanied with severe circulatory disorders.

History and Development of the Society of Heart Failure Specialists (On the 25th Anniversary of the Society).

During the 25 years of the existence of the Russian Society of Experts in Heart Failure, it has become the most numerous and authoritative medical association. The Society has representative offices in 52 regions of Russia, and its active members amount to more than 4,000 various specialists. More than 200 Schools, regional conferences, and annual Congresses have been held annually.

[Catheter-associated iatrogenic urethral injuries and methods to prevent them].

Up to a quarter of all hospitalized patients undergo bladder catheterization, regardless of the department profile. Injuries related to this procedure represent up to 32% of all urethral injuries and may compromise or worsen the patients treatment. The most frequent causes of iatrogenic injury in this context are unintentional balloon inflation in the urethra or the creation of a false passage.

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Context of Pathophysiology of Diverse Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Phenotypes: Potential Benefits and Mechanisms of Action.

This review examines the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on different heart failure phenotypes with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Traditional heart failure treatment modalities have shown limited success in improving outcomes for patients with HFpEF, but new evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs could be beneficial. The positive effects of GLP-1RAs are likely due to their ability to reduce systemic inflammation, enhance metabolism and directly affect the cardiovascular system, addressing critical aspects of HFpEF pathology.

[Pain relief after abdominal oncologic surgery. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine].

Objective: Evaluation of the analgesic, opioid-sparing, anti-inflammatory and adverse effects of the diclofenac and orphenadrine (Neodolpasse) fixed combination for analgesia in the postoperative period of surgical cancer patients.

Material And Methods: A randomized, single-center, prospective, comparative study evaluated two analgesic regimens in 40 cancer patients undergoing various open cavity surgeries, including extensive combined interventions associated with the resection of 3 or more organs. The study was conducted following the transfer from the ICU to the surgical department during the early activation period, within the first two postoperative days.

Modern Instrumental Methods of Diagnostics and Risk Assessment of Developing Antitumor Therapy Cardiovasculotoxicity.

The most important component of cardio-oncology is the assessment of the risk of development and diagnosis of cardiovascular toxicity of the antitumor therapy, the detection of which is largely based on visualization of the cardiovascular system. The article addresses up-to-date methods of non-invasive visualization of the heart and blood vessels, according to the 2022 European Society of Cardiology Clinical Guidelines on cardio-oncology. Also, the article discusses promising cardiovascular imaging techniques that are not yet included in the guidelines: assessment of coronary calcium using multislice computed tomography and positron emission computed tomography with 18F-labeled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose.

Ribavirin in Modern Antitumor Therapy: Prospects for Intranasal Administration.

Ribavirin has been used as an antiviral agent to treat a variety of viral infections since the 1970s. Over the past few decades, studies have been conducted on the pharmacology of ribavirin, and the possibility of its use in new indications has been explored. According to the results of a number of studies, ribavirin efficacy in the therapy of malignant neoplasms of various genesis has been proven.

Pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome: is it the same as an adult?

Importance: Antiphospholipid syndrome in neonates and children is a rare, but in some cases life-threatening condition with arterial and/or venous thrombosis and/or non-thrombotic neurological, skin, ophthalmological and other manifestations.

Observations: This review highlights the available information about the features of pediatric APS, including the rare catastrophic form, the differences between pediatric and adult APS, and the role of genetic thrombophilia in APS manifestation.

Conclusions And Relevance: The clinical manifestations and treatment options for APS in children may differ from those in adults, and prescribing therapy can be challenging due to the unique clinical and morphological characteristics of the pediatric patient.

Cytotoxic and radical activities of metal-organic framework modified with iron oxide: Biological and physico-chemical analyses.

Metal-organic framework (MOF) modified with iron oxide, FeO-MOF, is a perspective drug delivery agent, enabling magnetic control and production of active hydroxyl radicals, •OH, via the Fenton reaction. This paper studies cytotoxic and radical activities of Fe-containing nanoparticles (NPs): FeO-MOF and its components - bare FeO and MOF (MIL-88B). Luminous marine bacteria Photobacteriumphosphoreum were used as a model cellular system to monitor bioeffects of the NPs.

The Blood Plasma Lipidomic Profile in Atherosclerosis of the Brachiocephalic Arteries.

According to the World Health Organization, ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world. Frequently, it is caused by brachiocephalic artery (BCA) atherosclerosis. Timely detection of atherosclerosis and its unstable course can allow for a timely response to potentially dangerous changes and reduce the risk of vascular complications.

Cardiac Dysfunction and Exercise Tolerance in Patients after Complex Treatment for Cranial and Craniospinal Tumors in Childhood.

State-of-the-art therapy improves the five-year survival rate of patients under the age of 20 with cranial and craniospinal tumors by up to 74%. The urgency of dealing effectively with late treatment-associated cardiovascular complications is rising. : We aimed to assess echocardiographic parameters and exercise performance in subjects with a history of complex treatment for cranial and craniospinal tumors in childhood.

Treatment of Obesity with Thyroid hormones in Europe. Data from the THESIS* Collaboration.

Purpose: The use of thyroid hormones (TH) to treat obesity is unsupported by evidence as reflected in international guidelines. We explored views about this practice, and associations with respondent characteristics among European thyroid specialists.

Methods: Specialists from 28 countries were invited to a survey via professional organisations.

[Detection rates and high concentration of herpesvirus (Orthoherpesviridae) DNA in autopsy materials from patients with COVID-19 fatal outcome].

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes immune disorders that create conditions for the reactivation of human herpesviruses (HHVs). However, the estimates of the HHVs effect on the course and outcome of COVID-19 are ambiguous. Аim - to study the possible relationship between the HHV reactivation and the adverse outcome of COVID-19.

Synthesis of Extracellular L-lysine-α-oxidase along with Degrading Enzymes by cf. Rifai VKM F-4268D: Role in Biocontrol and Systemic Plant Resistance.

When cultivating on wheat bran or deactivated fungal mycelium as a model of "natural growth", the ability of to synthesize extracellular L-lysine-α-oxidase (LysO) simultaneously with cell-wall-degrading enzymes (proteases, xylanase, glucanases, chitinases, etc.), responsible for mycoparasitism, was shown. LysO, in turn, causes the formation of HO and pipecolic acid.

Applied physiology: gut microbiota and antimicrobial therapy.

The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining human health and in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs and have a significant impact on the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The understanding that a healthy gut microbiota prevents the development of many diseases has also led to its consideration as a potential therapeutic target.

Effect of Platform Type on Clinical Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Prime Vaccination Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review investigated the association between platform type and the clinical efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines using the meta-regression of randomized controlled trials to compare the rates of the first appearance of symptomatic COVID-19 on the platforms. The trial search was conducted using PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the EU Clinical Trials Register.

Mechanisms of Myocardial Edema Development in CVD Pathophysiology.

Myocardial edema is the excess accumulation of fluid in the myocardial interstitium or cardiac cells that develops due to changes in capillary permeability, loss of glycocalyx charge, imbalance in lymphatic drainage, or a combination of these factors. Today it is believed that this condition is not only a complication of cardiovascular diseases, but in itself causes aggravation of the disease and increases the risks of adverse outcomes. The study of molecular, genetic, and mechanical changes in the myocardium during edema may contribute to the development of new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Antimicrobial Activity of Citrate-Coated Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of citrate-stabilized sols of cerium oxide nanoparticles at different concentrations via different microbiological methods and to compare the effect with the peroxidase activity of nanoceria for the subsequent development of a regeneration-stimulating medical and/or veterinary wound-healing product providing new types of antimicrobial action. The object of this study was cerium oxide nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous solutions of cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate and citric acid (the size of the nanoparticles was 3-5 nm, and their aggregates were 60-130 nm). Nanoceria oxide sols with a wide range of concentrations (10-10 M) as well as powder (the dry substance) were used.

Patients' Persistent Symptoms, Clinician Demographics, and Geo-Economic Factors Are Associated with Choice of Therapy for Hypothyroidism by European Thyroid Specialists: The "THESIS" Collaboration.

Hypothyroidism is common, however, aspects of its treatment remain controversial. Our survey aimed at documenting treatment choices of European thyroid specialists and exploring how patients' persistent symptoms, clinician demographics, and geo-economic factors relate to treatment choices. Seventeen thousand two hundred forty-seven thyroid specialists from 28 countries were invited to participate in an online questionnaire survey.