In Vitro Profiling of Toxicity Effects of Different Environmental Factors on Skin Cells.

The skin is constantly exposed to a variety of environmental threats. Therefore, the influence of environmental factors on skin damage has always been a matter of concern. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of different environmental factors, including cooking oil fumes (COFs), haze (PM), and cigarette smoke (CS), on epidermal HaCaT cells and dermal fibroblast (FB) cells.