Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Retrospective, Single-Center Experience on the Role of Endoscopy and Outcomes.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common and potentially fatal medical emergency. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, causes, outcomes, and efficacy of endoscopy in the treatment of UGIB at King Fahad Central Hospital in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Between January 2017 and December 2023, a retrospective study was performed including all hospitalized patients with UGIB.

Altered medial temporal lobe subregion volumes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often presents with neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement, including cognitive impairment and depression. Past magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research in SLE patients showed smaller hippocampal volumes but did not investigate other medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions. Our study aims to compare MTL subregional volumes in SLE patients to healthy individuals (HI) and explore MTL subregional volumes in relation to neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) manifestations.

External validation of a multivariable prediction model for positive resection margins in breast-conserving surgery.

Objectives: Positive resection margins after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) most often demands a repeat surgery. To preoperatively identify patients at risk of positive margins, a multivariable model has been developed that predicts positive margins after BCS with a high accuracy. This study aimed to externally validate this prediction model to explore its generalizability and assess if additional preoperatively available variables can further improve its predictive accuracy.

Unique considerations in the assessment and management of traumatic brain injury in older adults.

The age-specific incidence of traumatic brain injury in older adults is rising in high-income countries, mainly due to an increase in the incidence of falls. The severity of traumatic brain injury in older adults can be underestimated because of a delay in the development of mass effect and symptoms of intracranial haemorrhage. Management and rehabilitation in older adults must consider comorbidities and frailty, the treatment of pre-existing disorders, the reduced potential for recovery, the likelihood of cognitive decline, and the avoidance of future falls.

Beyond Survival: Unveiling Psychological and Social Adaptation After Visceral Transplantation.

Aim: To explore the meaning of adaptation after visceral transplantation in terms of patient experiences, symptoms, self-efficacy, transplant-specific and mental well-being.

Design: A convergent parallel mixed-methods study, consisting of interviews and generic as well as transplant-specific questionnaires. Results were integrated using meta-inference.

Vitamin K1 Administration Increases the Level of Circulating Carboxylated Osteocalcin in Critically Ill Patients.

Background/objectives: Vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) all commonly possess specially modified γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues created in a vitamin K-dependent manner. Several liver-derived coagulation factors are well characterised VKDPs. However, much less is known about extrahepatic VKDPs, which are more diverse in their molecular structures and functions, and some of which have been implicated in inflammatory disorders.

Beneficial Effects of a Moderately High-Protein Diet on Telomere Length in Subjects with Overweight or Obesity.

Background And Aim: Telomere length (TL) is a key biomarker of cellular aging, with shorter telomeres associated with age-related diseases. Lifestyle interventions mitigating telomere shortening are essential for preventing such conditions. This study aimed to examine the effects of two weight loss dietary strategies, based on a moderately high-protein (MHP) diet and a low-fat (LF) diet on TL in individuals with overweight or obesity.

Hydrophilic Polymer Embolization-A Scoping Review of the Available Literature with Focus on Organ Involvement and Outcomes.

: Hydrophilic polymer embolization (HPE) is a scarcely reported complication associated with endovascular procedures where the hydrophilic coating dislodges and disseminates to more distal vascular beds, leading to ischemic complications. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical outcomes associated with HPE in the literature and try to quantify it in a scoping manner. : All reports with regard to HPE in the PubMed database where clinical data were available were included.

The Progression of Mycosis Fungoides During Treatment with Mogamulizumab: A BIO-MUSE Case Study of the Tumor and Immune Response in Peripheral Blood and Tissue.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a rare malignancy, with an indolent course in the early stages of the disease. However, due to major molecular and clinical heterogeneity, patients at an advanced stage of the disease have variable responses to treatment and considerably reduced life expectancy. Today, there is a lack of specific markers for the progression from early to advanced stages of the disease.

Stem Cell Therapy for Diseases of Livestock Animals: An In-Depth Review.

Stem cells are unique, undifferentiated cells that have the ability to both replicate themselves and develop into specialized cell types. This dual capability makes them valuable in the development of regenerative medicine. Current development in stem cell research has widened their application in cell therapy, drug discovery, reproductive cloning in animals, and cell models for various diseases.

Short-term outcomes from the 'Watch and Wait' (WoW) study: prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite absence of level 1 evidence on the long-term oncological safety of non-operative management for rectal cancer (watch and wait), increased implementation has occurred globally over the past decades. In Sweden, a pan-national prospective non-randomized study was initiated in 2017 to assess its implementation.

Method: Patients with biopsy-proven rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy according to national guidelines in whom a clinical complete response was detected at reassessment were eligible for inclusion following informed consent.

Survival in patients with CKD 3-5 after 12 months of exercise training - a post-hoc analysis of the RENEXC trial.

Background: Physical performance is low and physical activity declines in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both factors are associated with decreased survival. Our hypothesis was that improved physical performance after 12 months of exercise training would result in better survival in patients with CKD stages 3 to 5 not on kidney replacement therapy (KRT).

Income and education affect prognosis and treatment in symptomatic myeloma : A population-based study on 8672 multiple myeloma patients diagnosed 2008-2021 from the Swedish myeloma registry.

Despite advancements in multiple myeloma treatment, prognostic variability persists. We investigated the impact of income and education on treatment and survival in a country with publicly funded healthcare. We analysed data from the Swedish Myeloma Registry (2008-2021) linked to national registers.

First-in-human, multicenter, open-label, phase I study of ATOR-1017 (evunzekibart), a 4-1BB antibody, in patients with advanced solid malignancies.

Background: ATOR-1017 (evunzekibart) is a human agonistic immunoglobulin G4 antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137). ATOR-1017 activates T cells and natural killer cells in the tumor environment, leading to immune-mediated tumor cell death.

Methods: In this first-in-human, multicenter, phase I study, ATOR-1017 was administered intravenously every 21 days as a monotherapy to patients with advanced, unresectable solid tumors having received multiple standard-of-care treatments.

Selenoprotein P predicting mortallity in acute ill patients with dyspnea.

Background And Aims: Good Selenium (Se) status predicts favorable prognoses for various diseases and a reduced overall mortality. The primary objective of the study was to determine whether Selenium status, i.e.

Dose-Response Relationship of Phloretin Therapy on Water and Glucose Transport during Experimental Peritoneal Dialysis.

Background: Water retention, ultrafiltration insufficiency, and metabolic complications due to abnormally high glucose concentrations are still common problems in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Phloretin, a nonselective inhibitor of facilitative glucose transporter channels (GLUT), has shown to improve water transport and lower glucose absorption in experimental peritoneal dialysis. However, the dose-response relationship remains unknown, and we therefore performed a dose-response study to elucidate the pharmacodynamic properties of intra-peritoneal phloretin therapy.

Survey of legislative frameworks and national recommendations governing paediatric maintenance haemodialysis in Europe.

Background: The application of international recommendations for paediatric maintenance haemodialysis (HD) could be strengthened by national laws or written recommendations. Our aim was therefore to describe the national rules governing paediatric maintenance HD in European countries.

Methods: A national representative, approved by the president of each paediatric nephrology society, was contacted in all 42 European countries to complete two online questionnaires.

Tangential Versus Segmental Portomesenteric Venous Resection During Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: An International Multicenter Cohort Study on Surgical and Oncological Outcome.

Objective: To investigate whether tangential versus segmental portomesenteric venous resection (PVR) impacts surgical and oncological outcome in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer with portomesenteric vein (PMV) involvement.

Summary Background Data: Current comparative studies on tangential versus segmental PVR as part of pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer include all degrees of PMV involvement, including cases where tangential PVR may not be a feasible approach, limiting the clinical applicability.

Methods: International retrospective study in 10 centers from 5 countries, including all consecutive patients after pancreatoduodenectomy with PVR for pancreatic cancer with ≤180° PMV involvement on cross-sectional imaging at diagnosis (2014-2020).

Traumatic brain injury causes early aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides and NOTCH3 reduction in vascular smooth muscle cells of leptomeningeal arteries.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to impaired regulation of cerebral blood flow, which may be caused by pathological changes of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the arterial wall. Moreover, these cerebrovascular changes may contribute to the development of various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's-like pathologies that include amyloid beta aggregation. Despite its importance, the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for VSMC dysfunction after TBI have rarely been evaluated.

Sphingosine-1-Phosphate, a Marker of Endothelial Injury and Disease Severity in Preeclampsia.

Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive pregnancy disorder marked by endothelial damage. Healthy endothelium is covered by a protective glycocalyx layer, which, when degraded, releases detectable products into the blood. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a cardiovascular biomarker involved in glycocalyx preservation, linked to placentation and preeclampsia development.

Comparing synthetic mammograms based on wide-angle digital breast tomosynthesis with digital mammograms.

Purpose: We aim to investigate the characteristics and evaluate the performance of synthetic mammograms (SMs) based on wide-angle digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) compared with digital mammography (DM).

Approach: Fifty cases with both synthetic and digital mammograms were selected from the Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial. They were categorized into five groups consisting of normal cases and recalled cases with false-positive and true-positive findings from DM and DBT only.

Physical health in young males and risk of chronic musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases by middle age: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal disease are among the leading causes of disability in middle-aged and older people. Health and lifestyle factors in youth have known associations with cardiovascular or respiratory disease in adulthood, but largely unknown associations with musculoskeletal disease.

Methods And Findings: We included approximately 40,000 18-year-old Swedish males, who completed their conscription examination in 1969 to 1970, followed up until age of 60 years.

A systematic review of current national hospital-based stroke registries monitoring access to evidence-based care and patient outcomes.

Background: National stroke clinical quality registries/audits support improvements in stroke care. In a 2016 systematic review, 28 registries were identified. Since 2016 there have been important advances in stroke care, including the development of thrombectomy services.