Impact of pathological complete response on survival in gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a propensity score matching analysis.

Purpose: The survival benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) patients are inconsistent. This study aims to investigate how different tumor regression grades (TRG) influence the survival gains associated with NAC treatment.

Methods: This study compared the treatment outcomes of patients who underwent CSC (neoadjuvant chemotherapy - surgery - adjuvant chemotherapy) with those receiving traditional SC (surgery - adjuvant chemotherapy) treatment.

Gender differences in systemic inflammatory and nutritional index following radical surgery for advanced gastric cancer.

Objectives: Albumin-globulin ratio (AGR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been validated as prognostic factors for gastric cancer (GC). However, significant gender differences exist in albumin levels and inflammatory cell counts, and further research is required to understand how these differences influence GC prognosis. This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of nutritional and inflammatory indicators on GC patients undergoing radical surgery, as well as the influence of gender on these indicators' prognostic value.

Microbial perspective of multidisciplinary collaborative weight management approach: may serve as a key target for weight loss.

Changes in the gut microbiota are associated with obesity and may influence weight loss. We are currently implementing a sustained multidisciplinary collaborative weight management (MCWM) approach to weight loss. We report significant improvements in participant health status after 6 months, along with alterations in the structure, interactions, and metabolic functions of the microbiota.

Impact of thrombocytopenia on failure of endoscopic variceal treatment in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding.

Background: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB), a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis, can be effectively treated by endoscopy, but there is a risk of early rebleeding after endoscopic variceal treatment (EVT). Thrombocytopenia is the most common hemostatic abnormality in liver cirrhosis. However, it is still unclear about whether thrombocytopenia increases the failure of EVT in cirrhotic patients with AVB.

Construction of exosome non-coding RNA feature for non-invasive, early detection of gastric cancer patients by machine learning: a multi-cohort study.

Background And Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a prevalent and preventable disease, yet accurate early diagnostic methods are lacking. Exosome non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a type of liquid biopsy, have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for various tumours. This study aimed to identify a serum exosome ncRNA feature for enhancing GC diagnosis.

Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 1 deficiency-mediated metabolic reprogramming facilitates colorectal adenoma-carcinoma progression.

The tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) often follows the normal-adenoma-carcinoma (N-A-C) sequence. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal adenoma carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed transcriptomic profile changes in normal, advanced adenoma, and carcinoma tissues from patients with CRC, revealing that glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 1 () in colorectal tissues was down-regulated during the N-A-C process and correlated with poor CRC prognosis.

Expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

[Follow-up study on screening for early colorectal cancer in Shipai, Dongguan City, China].

To examine follow-up data of different subgroups in order to further evaluate the performance and practical value of community colorectal cancer screening by detection of stool methylation syndecan-2 gene (m) among residents of Shipai Town, Dongguan City. This was an observational study. From May 2021 to February 2022, the Shipai Town government of Dongguan City completed screening for colorectal cancer by detection of stool m in 10,708 residents from 18 villages who had met the initial screening criteria and been selected using whole population sampling.

Modulation of Inflammation Levels and the Gut Microbiota in Mice with DSS-Induced Colitis by a Balanced Vegetable Protein Diet.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a nonspecific chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine that is mainly divided into ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Nutrients play important roles in the treatment of IBD. In this study, the effects of vegetable proteins on the regulation of IBD were explored via the amino acid scoring formula.

External validation of the ICU-CARB score to predict carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria carriage in critically ill patients upon ICU admission: a multicenter analysis.

Background: Recognition of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) carriage is frequently delayed, which increases the risk of subsequent infection and transmission. Previously, we developed a scoring system to identify CR-GNB carriage upon intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Although the ICU-CARB score showed satisfactory performance, it has not been externally validated.

A Lipiodol Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by Iron-Doped Carbon Nanozymes for Liver Transarterial Chemoembolization.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) utilizing a water-in-oil lipiodol emulsion is a preferable therapeutic strategy for advanced liver cancer in clinical practice. However, the low stability of the lipiodol emulsion and poor efficacy of chemotherapeutic drug seriously undermine the efficiency of TACE. Herein, a novel lobaplatin-loaded lipiodol emulsion (denoted as ICN-LPE) is developed by constructing a lipiodol Pickering emulsion (LPE) stabilized with iron-doped carbon nanozymes (ICN) to mitigate the issue of lipiodol-water separation.

Dietary modulation of gut microbiota affects susceptibility to drug-induced liver injury.

The rising incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) parallels contemporary dietary shifts that have transformed the composition of human gut microbiota. The relationship between these phenomena remains unknown. Here, it is unveiled that a high fiber diet (HFiD) provides substantial protection against DILI, whereas a western style diet (WSD) significantly exacerbates DILI.

Interpretable multi-modal artificial intelligence model for predicting gastric cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy assessment is imperative for prognostication and clinical management of locally advanced gastric cancer. We propose an incremental supervised contrastive learning model (iSCLM), an interpretable artificial intelligence framework integrating pretreatment CT scans and H&E-stained biopsy images, for improved decision-making regarding neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We have constructed and tested iSCLM using retrospective data from 2,387 patients across 10 medical centers and evaluated its discriminative ability in a prospective cohort (132 patients; ChiCTR2300068917).

Total parietal peritonectomy and multivisceral resection for extensive cytoreductive surgery in pseudomyxoma peritonei: En bloc "Rolled-up carpet" technique and perioperative and oncologic outcomes.

Background: Patients diagnosed with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of appendiceal origin typically present with high tumor burden and require extensive cytoreductive surgery (CRS) to achieve optimal cytoreduction. This study describes an en bloc "rolled-up carpet" surgical technique for total parietal peritonectomy and multivisceral resection while also analyzing the perioperative and tumor outcomes of this technique.

Methods: The study reviewed the data of 7 patients underwent en bloc "rolled-up carpet" extensive CRS between August 2020 and April 2023.

Trajectories of postoperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes.

Background: Preoperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level has been shown to correlate with the prognosis of patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver resection, but its dynamic changes have not been reported. The aim of this longitudinal multicenter retrospective observational study was to describe the trajectory of HBV DNA after R0 liver resection in patients receiving antiviral therapy and to investigate its impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: This study included patients with HBV-related HCC from nine hospitals in China who received antiviral therapy and R0 hepatectomy between 2015 and 2016.

Use of a Pathomics Nomogram to Predict Postoperative Liver Metastasis in Patients with Stage III Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Approximately 25% of patients with stage III colorectal cancer experience liver metastasis after radical resection; however, there is currently a lack of methods to predict liver metastasis. This study aims to develop and validate a pathomics nomogram to predict liver metastasis in patients with stage III colorectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 318 enrolled patients were divided into three cohorts: a training cohort (n = 139), a validation cohort (n = 69), and an external cohort (n = 110).

Predictive value and model construction of preoperative nutritional indexes for postoperative leakage in gastric cancer.

Objective: We aimed to explore the predictive significance of the nutritional indexes in the occurrence of postoperative leakage after gastrectomy, aiming to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for assessing the risk of these complications.

Methods: Patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer were studied, using data from The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (2019-2022, n = 1075) for nomogram development and an external cohort from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (2022, n = 286) for validation. The model, focusing on postoperative leakage, was constructed through univariate and backward stepwise regression.

miMatch: a microbial metabolic background matching tool for mitigating host confounding in metagenomics research.

Metagenomic research faces a persistent challenge due to the low concordance across studies. While matching host confounders can mitigate the impact of individual differences, the influence of factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle habits on microbial profiles makes it exceptionally challenging to create fully matched cohorts. The microbial metabolic background, which modulates microbial composition, reflects a cumulative impact of host confounders, serving as an ideal baseline for microbial sample matching.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG attenuates depression-like behaviour and cognitive deficits in chronic ethanol exposure mice by down-regulating systemic inflammatory factors.

Ethanol can directly or indirectly lead to cognitive and mental disorders. The long-term intake of alcohol can directly affect the distribution of gut microbiota. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a natural bacterium isolated from healthy human intestines that has the function of preventing cytokine-induced cell apoptosis and protecting cell barriers.

Raddeanin A Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Growth and Ameliorates Oxaliplatin Resistance Through the WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Chemotherapy based on oxaliplatin (OXA) is the first-line treatment for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), and acquired resistance to OXA is the main reason for clinical treatment failure in CRC. To search for compounds that can reverse OXA resistance, we screened a small molecule inhibitor drug library and identified a drug, Raddeanin A (RA), that enhanced the anticancer effect of OXA. Using human CRC cell lines, CRC organoid models, and subcutaneous tumorigenic studies, we determined that RA inhibits the proliferation of CRC cells by promoting apoptosis and inducing cell cycle arrest.

Health knowledge needs of administrative staff and related influencing factors: a cross-sectional data from Yuxi, China.

Lack of health knowledge can be a main cause of barriers to early diagnosis and treatment, and it can also highlight the deficiencies in health education. Therefore, it is essential to understand the health knowledge needs of individuals and the related influencing factors in order to improve health education models. A total of 935 administrative staff (AS) were selected as study participants by convenience sampling in Yuxi City, China.