Advancing Chickpea Breeding: Omics Insights for Targeted Abiotic Stress Mitigation and Genetic Enhancement.

Chickpea is a major source of proteins and is considered the most economically vital food legume. Chickpea production is threatened by several abiotic and biotic factors worldwide. The main constraints limiting worldwide chickpea production are abiotic conditions such as drought, heat, salinity, and cold.

Phosphate-solubilizing fungus (PSF) - mediated phosphorous solubilization and validation through Artificial intelligence computation.

Phosphate-solubilizing fungus (PSF) strain alaromyces funiculosus was investigated for phosphorus solubilization, utilizing a range of pH levels and phosphate sources, followed by data confirmation through artificial intelligence modeling. T. funiculosus strain was exposed to five different phosphate sources [Ca(PO), FePO, CaHPO, AlPO, and phytin] at different pH levels (4.

Application of response surface methodology for bioenergy generation in a yeast-based microbial fuel cell.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) provide a solution to valorise wastewater for energy generation. Wastewater containing oxytetracycline (OTC), an antibiotic, was treated in a yeast-based H-type MFC to obtain bioenergy. The effect of bakery yeast amount, initial OTC concentration, and NaCl concentration in an anodic chamber was investigated and optimum operating conditions were statistically determined Box-Behnken design.

Modern Plant Breeding Techniques in Crop Improvement and Genetic Diversity: From Molecular Markers and Gene Editing to Artificial Intelligence-A Critical Review.

With the development of new technologies in recent years, researchers have made significant progress in crop breeding. Modern breeding differs from traditional breeding because of great changes in technical means and breeding concepts. Whereas traditional breeding initially focused on high yields, modern breeding focuses on breeding orientations based on different crops' audiences or by-products.

Strategies and bibliometric analysis of legumes biofortification to address malnutrition.

Biofortification of legumes using diverse techniques such as plant breeding, agronomic practices, genetic modification, and nano-technological approaches presents a sustainable strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies of underprivileged populations. The widespread issue of chronic malnutrition, commonly referred to as "hidden hunger," arises from the consumption of poor-quality food, leading to various health and cognitive impairments. Biofortified food crops have been a sustainable solution to address micronutrient deficiencies.

Deciphering fungicide resistance in Phytophthora: mechanisms, prevalence, and sustainable management approaches.

The genus Phytophthora contains more than 100 plant pathogenic species that parasitize a wide range of plants, including economically important fruits, vegetables, cereals, and forest trees, causing significant losses. Global agriculture is seriously threatened by fungicide resistance in Phytophthora species, which makes it imperative to fully comprehend the mechanisms, frequency, and non-chemical management techniques related to resistance mutations. The mechanisms behind fungicide resistance, such as target-site mutations, efflux pump overexpression, overexpression of target genes and metabolic detoxification routes for fungicides routinely used against Phytophthora species, are thoroughly examined in this review.

Rare Earth Material for Hydrogen Gas Sensing: PtGd Alloy Thin Films as a Promising Frontier.

At the focus of our investigation lies the precision fabrication of ultrathin platinum-gadolinium (PtGd) alloy films, with the aim to use these films for resistive hydrogen gas sensing. The imperative for sensitive and selective sensors to harness hydrogen's potential as an alternative energy source drives our work. Applying rare earth materials, we enhance the capabilities of hydrogen gas sensing applications.

Artificial neural networks in soil quality prediction: Significance for sustainable tea cultivation.

In today's era artificial intelligence is quite popular, one of the most effective algorithms used is Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). In this study, the determination of soil quality using the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) model in areas where tea cultivation is carried out at the micro-watershed scale and the predictability of soil quality using ANN were evaluated. According to the results, the soil quality indices of tea-growing areas were generally classified as "medium" between 55 and 70 %.

A unified framework of response surface methodology and coalescing of Firefly with random forest algorithm for enhancing nano-phytoremediation efficiency of chromium via in vitro regenerated aquatic macrophyte coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.).

Nano-phytoremediation is a novel green technique to remove toxic pollutants from the environment. In vitro regenerated Ceratophyllum demersum (L.) plants were exposed to different concentrations of chromium (Cr) and exposure times in the presence of titania nanoparticles (TiONPs).

Defense Pathways of Wheat Plants Inoculated with under NaCl Stress Conditions: An Overview.

Due to being sessile, plants develop a broad range of defense pathways when they face abiotic or biotic stress factors. Although plants are subjected to more than one type of stress at a time in nature, the combined effects of either multiple stresses of one kind (abiotic or biotic) or more kinds (abiotic and biotic) have now been realized in agricultural lands due to increases in global warming and environmental pollution, along with population increases. Soil-borne pathogens, or pathogens infecting aerial parts, can have devastating effects on plants when combined with other stressors.

Recent Advances in Manganese(III)-Assisted Radical Cyclization for the Synthesis of Natural Products: A Comprehensive Review.

Natural products play an important part in synthetic chemistry since they have many pharmacological properties and are used as active drug compounds in pharmaceutical chemistry. However, synthesis of these complex molecules is difficult due to the requirement of various synthetic steps, which include highly regio- and stereoselectivity. Therefore, oxidative radical cyclization assisted by manganese(III) acetate serves as an important step in obtaining spiro-, tricyclic, tetracyclic, and polycyclic derivatives of these compounds.

Genome-wide association studies identifies genetic loci related to fatty acid and branched-chain amino acid metabolism and histone modifications under varying nitrogen treatments in safflower ().

Effective identification and usage of genetic variation are prerequisites for developing nutrient-efficient cultivars. A collection of 94 safflower (Carthamus tinctorius ) genotypes (G) was investigated for important morphological and photosynthetic traits at four nitrogen (N) treatments. We found significant variation for all the studied traits except chlorophyll b (chl b ) among safflower genotypes, nitrogen treatments and G×N interaction.

Applicability of SCoT markers in unraveling genetic variation and population structure among sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasm.

Background: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) holds significant importance as a crop globally cultivated for sugar production. The genetic diversity present in sugar beet accessions plays a crucial role in crop improvement programs.

Artificial intelligence models for validating and predicting the impact of chemical priming of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and light emitting diodes on in vitro grown industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a highly recalcitrant plant under in vitro conditions that can be overcome by employing external stimuli. Hemp seeds were primed with 2.

Unveiling the Genetic Tapestry: Exploring AG-3 Anastomosis Groups in Potato Crops across Borders.

The current study was carried out to screen 10 isolates (ARS-01-ARS-10) of from potato tubers cv. Kuroda, which were collected from various potato fields in Multan, Pakistan. The isolates were found to be morphologically identical, as the hyphae exhibit the production of branches at right angles and acute angles often accompanied by septum near the emerging branches.

Hybrid Rice Production: A Worldwide Review of Floral Traits and Breeding Technology, with Special Emphasis on China.

Rice is an important diet source for the majority of the world's population, and meeting the growing need for rice requires significant improvements at the production level. Hybrid rice production has been a significant breakthrough in this regard, and the floral traits play a major role in the development of hybrid rice. In grass species, rice has structural units called florets and spikelets and contains different floret organs such as lemma, palea, style length, anther, and stigma exsertion.

Identifying Diabetic Retinopathy in the Human Eye: A Hybrid Approach Based on a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System Combined with Deep Learning.

Diagnosing and screening for diabetic retinopathy is a well-known issue in the biomedical field. A component of computer-aided diagnosis that has advanced significantly over the past few years as a result of the development and effectiveness of deep learning is the use of medical imagery from a patient's eye to identify the damage caused to blood vessels. Issues with unbalanced datasets, incorrect annotations, a lack of sample images, and improper performance evaluation measures have negatively impacted the performance of deep learning models.

In Silico Identification and Characterization of Rare Cold Inducible 2 (RCI2) Gene Family in Cotton.

RCI2/PMP3s are involved in biotic and abiotic stresses and have an influence on the regulation of many genes. RCI2/PMP3 genes, which particularly encode small membrane proteins of the PMP3 family, are involved in abiotic stress responses in plants. In this work, in silico studies were used to investigate RCI2's potential function in stress tolerance and organogenesis.

Comparison of tensile properties and porcelain bond strength in metal frameworks fabricated by selective laser melting using three different Co-Cr alloy powders.

Statement Of Problem: The selective laser melting (SLM) manufacturing technique has been widely employed to produce Co-Cr dental metal frameworks. The selection of Co-Cr alloy powders has the potential to influence the microstructure and tensile properties, consequently impacting the bond strength of the metal-porcelain. However, limited information is available regarding the effect of Co-Cr alloy powder on these properties when all other factors remain consistent.

Graphene Oxide/Cholesterol-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanine Composites with Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Properties.

In the present work, cholesterol (Chol)-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (Chol-ZnPc) and its composite with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Briefly, Chol-substituted phthalonitrile (Chol-phthalonitrile) was synthesized first through the substitution of Chol to the phthalonitrile group over the oxygen bridge. Then, Chol-ZnPc was synthesized by a tetramerization reaction of Chol-phthalonitrile with ZnCl in a basic medium.

Drought and sorghum: a bibliometric analysis using VOS viewer.

Drought has emerged as a significant global concern in recent years, leading to a proliferation of research on sorghum, an important drought resistant crop. Consequently, conducting a bibliometric analysis of said publications has the potential to yield insights into current areas of interest and potential avenues for future research. The present study utilized the Web of Science database to gather literature published between the years 2000 and 2022.

Familial Mediterranean fever and microRNAs.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited disorder caused by the gain of function mutations in MEFV (MEditerranean FeVer) gene loci. FMF affects more than 100,000 people worldwide and generally seen in the eastern Mediterranean region and causes the lifelong diseases which have a significant effect on the patient's life quality and health systems. The identification of low penetrant or heterozygous MEFV gene mutations in clinically diagnosed FMF patients was considered that epigenetic or environmental factors may display a role in FMF pathogenesis.