Studying the relationship between intelligence quotient and schizophrenia polygenic scores in a family design with first-episode psychosis population.

Background: The intelligence quotient (IQ) of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and their unaffected relatives may be related to the genetic burden of schizophrenia (SCZ). The polygenic score approach can be useful for testing this question.

Aim: To assess the contribution of the polygenic risk scores for SCZ (PGS-SCZ) and polygenic scores for IQ (PGS-IQ) to the individual IQ and its difference from the mean IQ of the family (named family-IQ) through a family-based design in an FEP sample.

A randomized controlled implementation trial of a multicomponent integrated care program to empower mental health service users and their relatives throughout the recovery process.

This study assessed the effectiveness of a psychosocial multicomponent program designed to empower individuals experiencing severe mental distress and their relatives throughout the recovery process. The program consisted of four consecutive interventions, including orientation, psychoeducation, empowerment, and mutual help. A randomized controlled implementation trial was conducted to investigate the program's impact on the recovery of individuals experiencing mental distress, as well as on the caregiving burden and perceived social support experienced by their relatives.

Cortical morphology in patients with the deficit and non-deficit syndrome of schizophrenia: a worldwide meta- and mega-analyses.

Converging evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) with primary, enduring negative symptoms (i.e., Deficit SZ (DSZ)) represents a distinct entity within the SZ spectrum while the neurobiological underpinnings remain undetermined.

Effectiveness of a recovery workshop implemented in community mental health services in Catalonia (Spain): study protocol for a non-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Many countries today are undergoing a paradigm shift in mental health policies towards a recovery-oriented and rights-based approach. From this perspective, self-determination and self-management are fundamental factors for recovery. Despite this shift, there is still a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of training programmes aimed at promoting self-determination and self-management in recovery processes implemented in southern European or Spanish-speaking countries.

Overlap between genetic variants associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and intelligence quotient: a systematic review.

Background: To study whether there is genetic overlap underlying the risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and low intelligence quotient (IQ), we reviewed and summarized the evidence on genetic variants associated with both traits.

Methods: We performed this review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and preregistered it in PROSPERO. We searched the Medline databases via PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus.

Interaction between the Participation in and the Impact on Mental Health Service Users and Their Relatives of a Multicomponent Empowerment-Based Psychosocial Intervention.

Relatives play an important role in the recovery journey of mental health service users. Interventions directed either at service users or their relatives may influence the other person as well. The project 'Activa't per la salut mental' (Get active for mental health) consisted of a series of four interventions addressed at people diagnosed with mental disorders and their relatives to help them in their recovery process, increasing their agency and quality of life.

Resting-state functional connectivity and socioemotional processes in male perpetrators of intimate partner violence against women.

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is a serious and overwhelming public concern. Neuroimaging techniques have provided insights into the brain mechanisms underlying IPVAW perpetration. The purpose of this study is to examine the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) involving the process of social decision-making of male perpetrators.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Psychopathological symptoms in pregnant women in Spain.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women are exposed to potentially harmful stressors that might affect their health. The direct consequences that SARS-CoV-2 may have on perinatal mental health are still unknown.

Objective: The present study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychopathological symptoms in a sample of Spanish pregnant women.

An effective psychological intervention in reducing internalized stigma and improving recovery outcomes in people with severe mental illness.

Internalized stigma reduces chances of clinical and subjective recovery in people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illness. To date, there is not enough evidence about an effective intervention to reduce internalized stigma that promotes clinical and subjective recovery in people with high internalized stigma and severe mental illness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new psychological intervention named "Coping Internalized Stigma Program" (PAREI).

Active bilingualism delays the onset of mild cognitive impairment.

Lifelong bilingualism may contribute to cognitive reserve (CR) in neurodegenerative diseases as shown by a delay of the age at symptom onset in bilinguals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). However, some studies have failed to show this bilingual advantage, suggesting that it might depend on the type and degree of bilingualism. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that active bilingualism, defined as the continuous use of the two languages as opposed to second language exposition only, may protect against cognitive decline.

The effect of the gene and cannabis use on cognitive performance in healthy subjects.

Background: Evidence suggests that the gene may modulate the degree to which cannabis use induces cognitive alterations in patients with a psychotic disorder.

Aim: To examine the interplay between and cannabis use in terms of the cognitive performance of the general population.

Methods: Our sample consisted of 389 Spanish university students.

Functioning in schizophrenia: a Delphi study covering the perspective of physiotherapists.

Purpose: This qualitative study explores the barriers, personal characteristics/resources, and environmental factors that experienced physiotherapists identify as relevant in the assessment and treatment of persons living with schizophrenia, and whether the identified aspects are represented in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets for schizophrenia.

Methods: A three-round Delphi study with physiotherapists was conducted between April and July 2018. In the first round, participants had to list all the aspects they considered to be relevant when assessing and/or treating individuals with schizophrenia, and they were asked six open-ended questions.

Disability in bipolar I disorder: Application of Mokken scaling analysis and the graded response model to the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0.

Background: The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) evaluates an individual's functioning and disability within the conceptual framework of the ICF.

Efficacy of a psychoeducational intervention in caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities: A randomized controlled trial (EDUCA-IV trial).

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) are usually cared for by their own parents, families or informal caregivers. Caring for a person with ID can have a negative impact on caregivers' mental health (burden, depression, anxiety). The main aim of the EDUCA-IV trial was testing the efficacy of a psychoeducational intervention program (PIP) versus standard practice and to see whether the PIP intervention would reduce the caregiver's burden at post-intervention (4 months) and at follow-up (8 months).

Functioning in schizophrenia from the perspective of psychologists: A worldwide study.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder associated with impairment in functioning. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to help individuals with this health condition, and psychological interventions are considered a priority. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) offers a theoretical framework for assessing functioning and disability.

An international survey of Psychiatric-Mental-Health Nurses on the content validity of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets for Schizophrenia.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for schizophrenia describe the key problems in functioning that are experienced by individuals with this disorder. This study examines the content validity of these Core Sets and aims to identify the most frequent problems faced by people with schizophrenia, considering for this analysis the perspective of Psychiatric-Mental-Health Nurses. The study complied with the COREQ checklist for qualitative studies.

Long-term clinical and functional course of borderline personality disorder: A meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Background: This meta-analytic review is the first to synthesise findings from prospective research on the long-term course of borderline personality disorder in adult clinical populations.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in Medline, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, PubMed and Scopus within the period 1990-2017. Inclusion criteria were: (1) adult BPD sample diagnosed by a validated, semi-structured interview; (2) at least two prospective assessments of outcomes; and (3) follow-up period ≥ 5 years.

Functioning in patients with schizophrenia: A multicentre study evaluating the clinical perspective.

Using the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a frame of reference, this study identifies the most common problems of functioning and the environmental factors that are experienced by patients with schizophrenia. An empirical cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted. Data were collected using a case record form, rated by health professionals, that contained 133 ICF categories and which also gathered clinical and sociodemographic information.

Validation of the ICF Core Sets for schizophrenia from the perspective of psychiatrists: An international Delphi study.

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness associated with several functional impairments. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for schizophrenia are shortlists of ICF categories that are relevant for describing the functioning and disability of people suffering from schizophrenia. The aims of this study were to explore the content validity of these Core Sets from the perspective of psychiatrists and to identify - from this perspective and using the ICF framework - the most common problems of patients with schizophrenia.

Employment Support Needs of People with Schizophrenia: A Scoping Study.

Purpose People with schizophrenia continue to encounter barriers to employment acquisition. The aim of this scoping study was to identify and synthesize existent evidence about the employment support needs of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods Five relevant databases were used: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.

Mental health professionals' attitudes towards mental illness: professional and cultural factors in the INTER NOS study.

Background: Research shows that personnel working in mental health facilities may share some of the societal prejudices towards mental illness. This might result in stigmatizing behaviours towards people suffering from mental disorders, undermining the quality of their care.

Aims: To describe and compare attitudes towards mental illness across a sample of professionals working in a wide range of mental health facilities in Spain, Portugal and Italy.

Beyond diagnosis: the Core Sets for persons with schizophrenia based on the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.

Purpose: Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), this paper presents the results of the process to develop the Comprehensive and Brief Core Sets for schizophrenia that allow to comprehensively describe functioning in persons with schizophrenia.

Methods: Twenty health professionals from diverse backgrounds participated in a formal and iterative decision-making process during an international consensus conference to develop these Core Sets. The conference was carried out based on evidence gathered from four preparatory studies (systematic literature review, qualitative study, expert survey, and empirical study).

Employment outcomes for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Access to employment plays a critical role in the recovery and functioning of people with schizophrenia. We have investigated the effectiveness of treatments to enhance employment outcomes for people with schizophrenia and evaluated the potential moderators of these outcomes. A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane Databases, MEDLINE, ProQuest XML, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science.