Comparison of Smoking Cessation Outcomes in Smokers With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Asthma, and Healthy Smokers: A Prospective Study of 400 Participants.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of motivational interviewing with a specific cohort of smokers on smoking cessation. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of medical conditions and individual traits on the efficacy of motivational interviewing for smoking cessation.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted with smokers who presented at the pulmonology and cardiology outpatient clinic.

Diagnosis, treatment, surgical practices and review of the literature in rare coagulation factor deficiencies.

Background: Rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) include fibrinogen (Factor I), prothrombin (Factor II), Factor V(FV), combined Factor V and Factor VIII, Factor VII, Factor X, Factor XI, Factor XII, and Factor XIII deficiencies. This group accounts for 3-5% of all factor deficiencies. Different symptoms may occur, ranging from mild or moderate bleeding to serious and life-threatening bleeding, which may not be related to the factor level.

Evaluating round window niche visibility in cochlear implantation: anatomical insights and electrode insertion strategies.

Purpose: Cochlear implantation (CI) surgery is essential for restoring hearing in individuals with severe sensorineural hearing loss. Accurate placement of the electrode within the cochlea is essential for successful auditory outcomes and minimizing complications. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the round window niche (RWN) alignment, its visibility during surgery, and the impact on surgical techniques and outcomes.

Comparison of the efficacy of treatment with clobetasol propionate or bexarotene in early-stage mycosis fungoides.

Background: There are few studies in the literature comparing the effectiveness of topical treatments in early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF).

Objectives: It was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy, side effects and topical treatment compliance with bexarotene or clobetasol propionate in early-stage MF.

Methods: A total of 40 patients with stage IA-IB MF were enrolled in the study.

Evaluating LLM-based generative AI tools in emergency triage: A comparative study of ChatGPT Plus, Copilot Pro, and triage nurses.

Background: The number of emergency department (ED) visits has been on steady increase globally. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, including Large Language Model (LLMs)-based generative AI models, have shown promise in improving triage accuracy. This study evaluates the performance of ChatGPT and Copilot in triage at a high-volume urban hospital, hypothesizing that these tools can match trained physicians' accuracy and reduce human bias amidst ED crowding challenges.

Reality of Zuckerkandl tubercle and relationship with other anatomical variations.

Aim: The tubercle of Zuckerkandl (TZ) is considered to be the fusion point of the ultimabranchial body and the median thyroid body. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of TZ and its relationship with other anatomical variations and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis.

Material And Methods: Data regarding the thyroid lobe and RLN of patients with thyroidectomy between June 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated.

Can fecal calprotectin be used as a biomarker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents?

Background: The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing with obesity, and it is believed that the ongoing low-grade inflammation in obesity and alterations in the enterohepatic axis contributing this process. This study aimed to determine the role of fecal calprotectin (FC) as inflammatory biomarker in obesity and NAFLD.

Methods: Between November 2022-August 2023, 31 obese and 10 healthy adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years enrolled in this prospective controlled study.

Factors Affecting Non-sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Objective Breast cancer most commonly metastasizes to axillary lymph nodes via lymphatic drainage. Today, axillary lymph node surgery is at least as important as primary breast surgery. In today's breast surgery, supported by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, current approaches are taken to avoid axillary dissection in appropriate patient groups.

Acellular dermal matrices in reconstructive surgery; history, current implications and future perspectives for surgeons.

Large-scale defects of body in the reconstructive surgical practice, and the helplessness of their repair with autologous tissues, have been an important factor in the development of artificial biological products for the temporary, definitive, or staged repair of these defects. A major advance in the field of plastic and other reconstructive surgery in this regard has been the introduction and successful use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs). In recent years, not only the type of tissue from which ADMs are produced, product range, diversity and areas of use have increased, but their use in reconstructive fields, especially in post oncologic breast surgery, has become highly regarded and this has favored ADMs to be a potential cornerstone in specific and well-defined surgical fields in future.

An appraisal and comparative analysis of superb microvascular imaging with conventional ultrasound and MRI for greater trochanteric pain syndrome management.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a common cause of hip pain and is often associated with chronic lower back pain and lower extremity osteoarthritis. Its diagnosis is clinical; however, imaging has been shown to aid in the differential diagnosis of challenging cases. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a new technique that may be more effective than power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in the detection of inflammation-related vascularity in patients.

Nutrient Supplements for Young Children and Mothers' Self Medication with Over-the-Counter Drugs During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The restriction of access to health services during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in self-medication. This study aims to examine mothers' use of nutrient supplements with over-the-counter (OTC) medications for their children, including instances of self-medication for themselves. The study also explores maternal characteristics associated with this behavior, the specific medications used, and the reasons for use.

Lateralization outcomes of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling: desmopressin vs CRH.

Purpose: Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the gold standard for localizing ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS). While corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) was initially used for stimulation, desmopressin has become a common alternative. This research evaluates desmopressin's effectiveness in lateralizing Cushing's disease (CD) during BIPSS compared to CRH stimulation.

Quality of life, fatigue and markers in sarcoidosis: A section from Turkey.

Background And Aim: Sarcoidosis can affect every organ with varying frequency based on ethnicity, gender and age. We aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and fatigue levels of our sarcoidosis patients. However, our second aim is to determine whether patient or disease markers correlate with quality of life assessment questionnaires.

mTORC1 and mTORC2 Levels in Patients with Psoriasis.

Introduction: In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This intracellular signaling pathway is known as the main control pathway of metabolism and is of particular interest in this context.

Objectives: To investigate the importance of the mTOR pathway in the pathogenesis of plaque psoriasis.

Histological Evaluation of the Effects of Intra-Articular Injection of Caffeic Acid on Cartilage Repair in a Rat Knee Microfracture Model.

BACKGROUND Cartilage injuries are challenging to treat due to limited self-healing. Standard treatments often lead to the formation of less durable fibrocartilage. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a polyphenolic compound, can improve cartilage repair.

Is There a Difference between Intralesional Treatments Combined with Internal Urethrotomy?

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of various injection therapy agents used in combination with internal urethrotomy in preventing fibrosis and stricture recurrence.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) in our clinic between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively screened. The patients were divided into four groups: DVIU + intralesional platelet-rich plasma (DVIU + PRP group, n = 21), DVIU + intralesional mitomycin-C (DVIU + MMC group, n = 21), DVIU + intralesional prednisolone (DVIU + prednisolone group, n = 21), and DVIU alone (control group, n = 21).

Assessment of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Dosing Patterns in Turkish Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study with Insights from the ASPECT-NOAC Study.

Objective: We aimed to assess the real-world label adherence of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) dosing patterns, including apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban, in Turkish patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: This was an observational, prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study. Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were prescribed NOACs within the last 4 months were recruited from 34 cardiology clinics in Türkiye.

Periradicular repair after single-visit root canal treatment using sonic irrigant activation of teeth with apical periodontitis.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore whether using sonic irrigant activation during endodontic treatment favors periradicular repair in teeth with apical periodontitis.

Materials & Methods: One clinician treated 140 posterior (either premolar or molar) asymptomatic teeth with periapical lesions: 70 were randomly assigned to the sonic activation with EndoActivator (EA) group, and 70 were treated by conventional needle irrigation (CNI). Both groups underwent chemomechanical root canal preparation using 35/04 diameter rotary files and 2.

Mental health service utilization among patients followed up in tertiary HIV/AIDS clinics in Turkey: A need for integrated care.

Objectives: Mental health (MH) care for people living with HIV (PLWH) emerges as an important unmet need, yet there are no integrated HIV-MH clinics in Turkey. Our aim is to determine MH service use and its associated factors in PLWH followed up in the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics in Istanbul/Turkey.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics of the Infectious Diseases (ID) departments in hospitals affiliated with the ACTHIV-IST Study Group.

ANCA-Negative Granulomatosis of Polyngiitis of Paranasal Sinuses with Cerebellar Involvement.

Granulomatosis of polyangiitis (GPA) is a multisystem necrotizing vasculitis, which affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels and characterized by frequent involvement of the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys. Altough anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are higly associated with GPA and play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease, ANCA positivity is not essential for clinical diagnosis. We describe a patient with ANCA-negative granulamatosis of polyangiitis involving cerebellum, having complaints due to sinusitis.

Evaluation of predisposing factors in patients with ingrown toenails: a prospective, case-control study.

Ingrown toenails (IGTN) are a prevalent, debilitating nail disorder that occurs when the edge of the nail plate grows abnormally to penetrate the periungual dermis. Multiple risk factors have been identified in the etiology. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors that predispose patients to IGTN.

Challenges and predictive radiological findings in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors in patients with acute appendicitis.

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. With antibiotic-first treatment strategies gaining importance, the risk of an appendiceal tumor as an incidental finding or as the cause of appendicitis presents an obstacle to a conservative approach. Neuroendocrine tumors, the most frequent type of appendiceal tumors, are difficult to diagnose preopera-tively due to their small size.