Usefulness of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Clinical Decision-Making in Oncology: A Systematic Review.

Biologic factors limiting responsiveness to matched targeted therapies include genomic heterogeneity and complexity. Advanced tumors with unique molecular profiles can be studied by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and enhance patient outcomes using principles of precision medicine. The clinical utility of CGP across all cancer types and different therapeutic interventions using overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) data was studied in this systematic literature review.

Randomized comparison of precut papillotomy and endosonography guided rendezvous procedure for difficult biliary access in Malignant distal biliary obstruction.

Background And Aims: Difficult biliary cannulation (DBC) is a marker for prolonged procedure time and increased adverse event rate (AER) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We previously showed that EUS-guided rendezvous procedure (EUS-RV) had a higher single session success rate than precut papillotomy (PcP) in DBC patients. The present randomized study aims at comparing the technical success and AER between the two approaches.

Geo-spatial analysis of acute ischemic stroke reperfusion treatment in India: An assessment of distribution and access to centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.

Favorable outcome in children with dense deposit disease with the use of long-term mycophenolate mofetil and high-dose alternate-day steroids.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the response to therapy and outcome with long-term daily mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and high-dose alternate-day steroids (HADS) in children with dense deposit disease (DDD).

Methods: Children with DDD who received long-term MMF (1200 mg/m/day) and HADS (1.5-2 mg/kg AD) with slow tapering were retrospectively evaluated for their clinico-pathological presentation, response to therapy (complete, partial, no remission) and outcome (patient and renal survival).

Preoperative Prediction of the Scaphoid Screw Length for the Fixation of Fractures Using MRI Measurements of Finger Phalanges.

Introduction: Scaphoid fractures are one of the most common carpal bone fractures, with most fractures involving the waist. When surgery is indicated, internal fixation with screws is the standard method for the fixation of these fractures. Accurate length and trajectory of the screw are two crucial parameters essential for optimal internal fixation.

Utility of Intranasal Tapentadol in Redefining Postoperative Pain Management in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction Effective strategies to minimize postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are essential to improve functional outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tapentadol nasal spray as a form of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for postoperative pain management after TKA. The intranasal route was chosen for the study as intranasal tapentadol has been shown to have superior pain reduction as compared to intravenous tapentadol.

Review of Quality Audit in a Radiation Oncology Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital- 2 Year-Results.

Objectives: This study aimed to report the findings of comprehensive weekly quality audit of radiotherapy procedures conducted at our institute, assessing various domains including clinical notes, contour delineation, treatment planning, prescription accuracy, patient-specific quality assurance, and treatment set-up checks.

Material And Methods: The audit protocol, based on the Peer Review Audit Tool (PRAT) from the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists, evaluated six critical parameters: clinical decisions, contours, treatment prescriptions, plan evaluation, plan quality assurance, and daily treatment set-ups. Patients were assessed for changes categorized as no change, minor change, or major change.

A multicentre prospective registry of one thousand sepsis patients admitted in Indian ICUs: (SEPSIS INDIA) study.

Background: Sepsis is a global health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Low- and middle-income countries have a higher incidence and poorer outcome with sepsis. Large epidemiological studies in sepsis using Sepsis-3 criteria, addressing the process of care and deriving predictors of mortality are scarce in India.

Adductor Catheter Insertion Through the Knee Arthrotomy: Can This Technique Be as Safe and Effective as Ultrasound-Guided Insertion?

Background: Early postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty remains challenging. We devised a technique for inserting a continuous catheter intraoperatively in the adductor canal and aimed to compare its efficacy and safety with that of an ultrasound-guided anesthetist-administered continuous catheter.

Methods: This single-center, single-surgeon, prospective, interventional, randomized controlled trial included 330 patients, who were randomized into two groups with similar preoperative status and demographics.

Management and Outcome of Pipkin Type I and Type II Femoral Head Fractures by Ganz Surgical Dislocation of the Hip.

Introduction Femoral head fractures, specifically Pipkin Type I and Type II, are uncommon injuries often linked with posterior hip dislocations. Management strategies for these fractures range from conservative treatments to various surgical procedures, with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) being a notable option. The surgical approach for ORIF varies, and due to the rarity of the injury, a standardized management protocol is lacking.

Unique Pharmacological Properties and Safety Profiles of Loop Diuretics.

Loop diuretics are regarded as essential for the treatment of edematous conditions in heart failure, cirrhosis, and renal disease. The principal mechanism of action involves inhibiting the reabsorption of ions (Na+, 2Cl-, and K+) from the ascending loop of Henle. The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) features of the commonly used diuretics (torsemide, furosemide, and bumetanide) influence the selection of diuretics in various disease states and dosing regimens.

Outcomes of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal polyps-Insights from western India.

Introduction: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (uEMR) represents an alternative to conventional EMR for resection of sessile colorectal polyps. We aimed at assessing the efficacy and safety of uEMR for sessile colorectal polyps.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of endoscopy database was done for patients who underwent uEMR for sessile colorectal polyps more than 10 mm in size without any features of sub-mucosal invasion from two tertiary care centres in western India between January 2021 and June 2023.

A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes and Their Cardiovascular Effects.

The discovery of inhibitors for sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) has significantly improved type 2 diabetes management. Large-scale clinical studies have shown that both SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RA enhance cardiovascular health. Benefits include reduced cardiovascular disease risk, lower mortality, fewer heart failure hospitalizations (SGLT2 inhibitors), and stroke prevention (GLP-1 RA).

Diagnosis and management of pediatric acute liver failure: consensus recommendations of the Indian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ISPGHAN).

Timely diagnosis and management of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is of paramount importance to improve survival. The Indian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition invited national and international experts to identify and review important management and research questions. These covered the definition, age appropriate stepwise workup for the etiology, non-invasive diagnosis and management of cerebral edema, prognostic scores, criteria for listing for liver transplantation (LT) and bridging therapies in PALF.

The ESMO Tumour-Agnostic Classifier and Screener (ETAC-S): a tool for assessing tumour-agnostic potential of molecularly guided therapies and for steering drug development.

Background: Advances in precision oncology led to approval of tumour-agnostic molecularly guided treatment options (MGTOs). The minimum requirements for claiming tumour-agnostic potential remain elusive.

Methods: The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Precision Medicine Working Group (PMWG) coordinated a project to optimise tumour-agnostic drug development.

Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Role of Computed Tomography-guided Cervical Epidural Blood Patch.

Background: Lumbar epidural blood patch (EBP) is not successful in all cases of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, particularly in the cervicothoracic region. The present study is a retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients who had undergone computed tomography (CT)-guided cervical EBP for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) due to CSF leak in the cervical region.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from March 2009 to 2020.