64 results match your criteria: "Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and there's growing interest in targeting CD73 to enhance immunotherapy effectiveness, as it suppresses anti-cancer immunity.
  • CD73 carries a dual role in promoting tumor survival by both inhibiting immune response and enabling the growth of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which may lead to tumor relapse after treatment.
  • Researchers conducted in silico screening of compounds and found that quercetin and luteolin, when combined with the chemotherapy drug paclitaxel, effectively downregulated pathways associated with CD73 and CSCs, indicating a potential strategy for improved TNBC treatment outcomes.*
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Iodine nutrition: Disorders, monitoring and policies.

Adv Food Nutr Res

October 2021

Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Electronic address:

Iodine is an essential mineral nutrient and an integral component of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency is typically associated with goiter, but can have more serious health implications. Adequate iodine status is important for normal brain development.

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A triple-drug nanotherapy to target breast cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and tumor vasculature.

Cell Death Dis

January 2021

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, accounting for the majority of breast cancer-related death. Due to the lack of specific therapeutic targets, chemotherapeutic agents (e.g.

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Vanadium is considered as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (VO, IARC Group 2B), yet uncertainties persist related to the toxicity mechanisms of the multiple forms of vanadium. Exposure to vanadium often co-occurs with other metals or with organic compounds that can be transformed by cytochrome p450 (CYP) enzymes into DNA-reactive carcinogens. Therefore, effects of a soluble form of vanadium (sodium metavanadate, NaVO) and aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) were tested separately and together, for induction of CYP activities, DNA damage (γH2AX and DNA alkaline unwinding assays), and DNA methylation changes (global genome and DNA repeats) in HepaRG or HepG2 liver cell lines.

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Targeting Hypoxia Sensitizes TNBC to Cisplatin and Promotes Inhibition of Both Bulk and Cancer Stem Cells.

Int J Mol Sci

August 2020

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.

Development of targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an unmet medical need. Cisplatin has demonstrated its promising potential for the treatment of TNBC in clinical trials; however, cisplatin treatment is associated with hypoxia that, in turn, promotes cancer stem cell (CSC) enrichment and drug resistance. Therapeutic approaches to attenuate this may lead to increased cisplatin efficacy in the clinic for the treatment of TNBC.

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Development and validation of a sodium AnaLysis tool (SALT).

Nutr J

June 2020

Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, HPFB, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.

Background: Sodium is an essential nutrient; however, excess dietary sodium is associated with increased blood pressure levels. The 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey - Nutrition (CCHS 2.2) concluded that most Canadians exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) of 2300 mg/day.

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There is an urgent need for reliable toxicity assays to support the human health risk assessment of an ever increasing number of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Animal testing is not a suitable option for ENMs. Sensitive in vitro models and mechanism-based targeted in vitro assays that enable accurate prediction of in vivo responses are not yet available.

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Chitosan alters inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine elicited immune responses without affecting lung histopathology in mice.

Vaccine

July 2019

Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, AL: 2201E, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Roger Guindon Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada. Electronic address:

Chitosan is a polysaccharide capable of augmenting immune responses with a proven safety record in animals and humans. These properties make it a potentially attractive agent for the prevention and treatment of infectious disease. Infection by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of serious lower respiratory disease in young children throughout the world.

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Co-inhibition of mTORC1, HDAC and ESR1α retards the growth of triple-negative breast cancer and suppresses cancer stem cells.

Cell Death Dis

July 2018

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most refractory subtype of breast cancer. It causes the majority of breast cancer-related deaths, which has been largely associated with the plasticity of tumor cells and persistence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Conventional chemotherapeutics enrich CSCs and lead to drug resistance and disease relapse.

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most refractory subtype of breast cancer to current treatments, accounts disproportionately for the majority of breast cancer-related deaths. This is largely due to cancer plasticity and the development of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Recently, distinct yet interconvertible mesenchymal-like and epithelial-like states have been revealed in breast CSCs.

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S28463 (S28), a ligand for Toll-like receptor 7/8, has been shown to have antiinflammatory properties in rodent models of allergic asthma. The principle goal of this study was to assess whether these antiinflammatory effects can also be observed in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model of allergic asthma. NHPs were sensitized then challenged with natural allergen, Ascaris suum extract.

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Stromal cells, infiltrating immune cells, paracrine factors and extracellular matrix have been extensively studied in cancers. However, autocrine factors produced by tumor cells and communications between autocrine factors and intracellular signaling pathways in the development of drug resistance, cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and tumorigenesis have not been well investigated, and the precise mechanism and tangible approaches remain elusive. Here we reveal a new mechanism by which cytokines produced by breast cancer cells after chemotherapy withdrawal activate both Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways, which in turn further promote breast cancer cells to produce and secrete cytokines, forming an autocrine inflammatory forward-feedback loop to facilitate the enrichment of drug-resistant breast cancer cells and/or CSCs.

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Serum Magnesium Concentrations in the Canadian Population and Associations with Diabetes, Glycemic Regulation, and Insulin Resistance.

Nutrients

March 2017

Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.

Total serum magnesium (Mg) concentration (SMC) is commonly used to assess Mg status. This study reports current SMCs of Canadians and their associations with demographic factors, diabetes, and measures of glycemic control and insulin resistance using results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey cycle 3 (2012-2013). Associations were examined in adults aged 20-79 years using linear mixed models.

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Development of targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC, a more aggressive subtype) is an unmet medical need. We analyzed data from 887 patients with invasive breast cancer and observed that increased Wnt and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activities are associated with estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) repression, poor survival, and increased relapse. The inverse correlation between Wnt signaling and repression of ESR1 and PGR expression was found to be magnified in cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulations in TNBC cell lines.

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Purpose: The objective of the current study was to examine food and culinary skills and knowledge of dietetic students.

Methods: An online bilingual survey was created using Survey Monkey to explore the skills, knowledge, and perceptions of undergraduate dietetic students regarding food and cooking. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to compare skills and knowledge of food and culinary concepts.

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Moderately Low Magnesium Intake Impairs Growth of Lean Body Mass in Obese-Prone and Obese-Resistant Rats Fed a High-Energy Diet.

Nutrients

April 2016

Nutrition Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.

The physical and biochemical changes resulting from moderately low magnesium (Mg) intake are not fully understood. Obesity and associated co-morbidities affect Mg metabolism and may exacerbate Mg deficiency and physiological effects. Male rats selectively bred for diet-induced obesity (OP, obese-prone) or resistance (OR, obese-resistant) were fed a high-fat, high-energy diet containing moderately low (LMg, 0.

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l-Lysine supplementation does not affect the bioavailability of copper or iron in rats.

J Trace Elem Med Biol

December 2016

Nutrition Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Canada. Electronic address:

l-lysine (Lys) is an essential amino acid that is added to foods and dietary supplements. Lys may interact with mineral nutrients and affect their metabolism. This study examined the effect of dietary Lys supplementation on the bioavailability of copper (Cu) and iron (Fe).

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Purpose: Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey showed that calcium, vitamin D, iron, and folate are nutrients of concern for females 19-50 years of age. The study objectives were to assess the quantity, format, and accuracy of messages related to these nutrients in selected Canadian magazines and to examine their congruency with Canadian nutrition policies.

Methods: Using content analysis methodology, messages were coded using a stratified sample of a constructed year for Canadian Living, Chatelaine, and Homemakers magazines (n = 33) from 2003-2008.

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Bioavailability of magnesium from inorganic and organic compounds is similar in rats fed a high phytic acid diet.

Magnes Res

October 2015

Nutrition Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9, Food Science and Nutrition Program, Carleton University.

A large section of the North American population is not meeting recommended intakes for magnesium (Mg). Supplementation and consumption of Mg-fortified foods are ways to increase intake. Currently, information on Mg bioavailability from different compounds and their efficacy in improving Mg status is scant.

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Biomonitoring of human fetal exposure to environmental chemicals in early pregnancy.

J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev

June 2014

a Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate , Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.

The first trimester of human fetal life, a period of extremely rapid development of physiological systems, represents the most rapid growth phase in human life. Interference in the establishment of organ systems may result in abnormal development that may be manifest immediately or programmed for later abnormal function. Exposure to environmental chemicals may be affecting development at these early stages, and yet there is limited knowledge of the quantities and identities of the chemicals to which the fetus is exposed during early pregnancy.

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Small increases in dietary calcium above normal requirements exacerbate magnesium deficiency in rats fed a low magnesium diet.

Magnes Res

February 2015

Nutrition Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9, Food Science and Nutrition Program, Carleton University.

In North America, the calcium (Ca):magnesium (Mg) intake ratio has increased over the last several decades raising concerns about possible adverse effects of Ca intakes on Mg status. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether small decreases or increases in dietary Ca from normal requirements worsen Mg status in rats fed a low Mg diet. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 1 of 8 diets for 6 weeks.

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Characteristics and safety assessment of intractable proteins in genetically modified crops.

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol

July 2014

DuPont Pioneer, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, P.O. Box 1004, Johnston, IA 50131, USA.

Genetically modified (GM) crops may contain newly expressed proteins that are described as "intractable". Safety assessment of these proteins may require some adaptations to the current assessment procedures. Intractable proteins are defined here as those proteins with properties that make it extremely difficult or impossible with current methods to express in heterologous systems; isolate, purify, or concentrate; quantify (due to low levels); demonstrate biological activity; or prove equivalency with plant proteins.

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Furan is produced in foods during processing and preservation techniques that involve heat treatment. Previously, we reported that furan-exposed rats exhibited dose-dependent gross and histological changes in liver which correlated with changes in liver serum enzymes ALT, AST and ALP. Here we report the effects of furan on the male reproductive system.

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Effects of oral exposure to arsenobetaine during pregnancy and lactation in Sprague-Dawley rats.

J Toxicol Environ Health A

January 2014

a Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada , Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, Tunney's Pasture , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.

Arsenobetaine (ASB) is the major form of arsenic (As) in seafood sources such as molluscs and fish. Limited data demonstrated that ASB toxicity in mammals is minimal; however, data on possible reproductive effects are lacking. This study investigated the tissue distribution and developmental effects of ASB during pregnancy, early postnatal life, and development to adulthood.

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Diet-induced obese rats have higher iron requirements and are more vulnerable to iron deficiency.

Eur J Nutr

April 2014

Nutrition Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, PL 2203E, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada,

Purpose: Since obesity is associated with poorer iron status, the effects of diet-induced obesity on iron status and iron-regulatory pathways were examined.

Methods: Weanling male diet-induced obese sensitive (n = 12/diet group) and resistant (n = 12/diet group) rats were fed one of four high-fat, high-energy diets supplemented with 5 (5Fe, low), 15 (15Fe, marginal), 35 (35Fe, normal) or 70 (70Fe, high) mg iron/kg diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, rats in each diet group were categorised as obese (>19 %) or lean (<17 %) based on percentage body fat.

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