Bradyarrhythmias in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source: a tight relationship with atrial cardiomyopathy.

Background: Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) have been shown to significantly improve the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). The incidence and characterization of bradyarrhythmias in this subset of patients is still unknown.

Methods: All consecutive patients who received ILRs, after an ESUS, between March 2015 and December 2022 in our Center were retrospectively enrolled and analyzed.

Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices in Cardiac Transplant Patients: A Comprehensive Review.

A fraction of patients (approximately 10%) undergoing heart transplantation require permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation due to sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular block, occurring either shortly after surgery or later. The incidence of PPM implantation has declined to less than 5% with the introduction of bicaval anastomosis transplantation surgery. Pacing dependency during follow-up varies among recipients.

Preprocedural Screening Tool to Guide Nonpulmonary Vein Trigger Testing in First-Time Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.

Background: Patients undergoing first-time atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation can benefit from targeting non-pulmonary vein (PV) triggers. Preprocedural identification of high-risk individuals can guide planning of ablation strategy. This study aimed to create a preprocedural screening tool to identify patients at risk of non-PV triggers during first-time AF ablation.

Fetal bradycardia associated with left ventricle noncompaction diagnosed as HCN4 mutations.

A 35-year-old pregnant woman was referred to our hospital because of fetal bradycardia. Fetal echocardiography revealed a normal fetal heart except for slightly prominent trabeculae in the left ventricle, normal cardiac function, and fetal sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 100 bpm. Electrocardiography (ECG) after birth revealed sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 70-80 bpm.

A case report of pre-implantation feasibility test for combining leadless pacemaker and subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in adult congenital heart disease.

Unlabelled: New cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), such as leadless pacemakers and subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (S-ICDs), are being used in patients with adult congenital heart disease. The selection of CIEDs often requires careful consideration due to technical challenges posed by a unique heart structure. A 27-year-old man following a surgical tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair developed non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, sick sinus syndrome, and complete atrioventricular block.

Meis transcription factors regulate cardiac conduction system development and adult function.

Aims: The Cardiac Conduction System (CCS) is progressively specified during development by interactions among a discrete number of Transcriptions Factors that ensure its proper patterning and the emergence of its functional properties. Meis genes encode homeodomain transcription factors (TFs) with multiple roles in mammalian development. In humans, Meis genes associate with congenital cardiac malformations and alterations of cardiac electrical activity, however the basis for these alterations has not been established.

Atrial standstill in a young patient with ischemic stroke associated with inheritance of a novel HCN4 mutation.

We present a case of HCN4 gene mutation presenting with atrial standstill and stroke in the young.

Implications of Primary Bradycardia in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with tachyarrhythmias has been extensively studied in recent years. The characteristics of primary bradycardia in HCM remain largely unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the prevalence, clinical features, and prognosis of primary bradycardia in patients with HCM in a large cohort.

Left internal jugular vein approach to right atrial appendage base implantation of the Aveir AR leadless pacemaker.

Introduction: There is no prior report of an Aveir leadless pacemaker implantation into the atrial appendage via the internal jugular vein.

Case: A 44-year-old female patient with history of multiple ablations for sinus node dysfunction presented with symptomatic bradycardia. The patient had femoral veins <9mm, chronic pain at the femoral vein insertion sites, as well as a recent car accident with persistent leg pain due to femoral fractures.

Possible sinoatrial node dysfunction in a 6-month-old domestic shorthair cat.

Case Summary: A 6-month-old male entire domestic shorthair cat was presented to the ophthalmology department for nasolacrimal duct cannulation and flushing, and castration under general anaesthesia. On pre-anaesthetic assessment, the cat had a heart rate of 90 beats/min (bpm). Clinical examination was unremarkable, although the cat appeared stressed.

Compound Tongyang Fumai decoction improves quality of life in sick sinus syndrome: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Tongyang Fumai decoction (, TYFM) on the quality of life (QOL) as a complementary therapy for sick sinus syndrome (SSS).

Methods: This randomized controlled study involved 224 patients with symptomatic SSS. Patients were randomly assigned to either the TYFM group or the control group (receiving theophylline sustained-release tablets).

Terbutaline for Management of Relative Bradycardia Post-Orthotopic Heart Transplant: A Single Center Experience.

Background: Vagal nerve denervation during the heart transplant procedure results in higher resting heart rates in these recipients compared to the general population. Relative bradycardia (RB) is a common and often temporary post-operative complication that can be managed with agents like terbutaline; however, little data exist on the efficacy, safety, and necessity of long-term terbutaline use post-heart transplant.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, descriptive study conducted at a large academic medical center investigating oral terbutaline use for RB management in heart transplant recipients.

Sex hormones and reproductive factors with cardiac arrhythmia and ECG indices: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Sex is a determinant of the incidence and etiology of arrhythmia. Observational and basic studies suggest that sex hormones are essential in this process; however, the relationship between sex hormones and arrhythmia remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to investigate the causal relationships between sex hormone levels, arrhythmia, and electrocardiographic (ECG) indices.

Sinus node dysfunction in children: different aetiologies, similar clinical course in two-centre experience.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children diagnosed with sinus node dysfunction.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with sinus node dysfunction in two tertiary paediatric cardiology centres in Turkey from January 2011 to June 2022.

Results: In all, 77 patients (50, 64.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key link involved in the pathogenesis of sick sinus syndrome: a review.

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a grave medical condition that can precipitate sudden death. The pathogenesis of SSS remains incompletely understood. Existing research postulates that the fundamental mechanism involves increased fibrosis of the sinoatrial node and its surrounding tissues, as well as disturbances in the coupled-clock system, comprising the membrane clock and the Ca clock.