Lung function abnormalities in children with type I diabetes.

Recent developments in intrabronchial administration of insulin raise lung function in patients with type I diabetes as important issue. Several studies in adults report abnormalities of lung function of these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate lung function in children with type I diabetes.

Recognising vascular causes of leg complaints in endurance athletes. Part 2: the value of patient history, physical examination, cycling exercise test and echo-Doppler examination.

Unlabelled: Leg complaints at maximal exercise in endurance athletes may have many causes, including arterial flow limitations in the iliac arteries. Such flow limitations can evolve into serious health problems due to increasing intravascular obstruction or even complete obstruction as a result of dissection or thrombosis. Early detection is therefore of clinical importance, but conventional diagnostic tools often prove inadequate.

Recognising vascular causes of leg complaints in endurance athletes. Part 1: validation of a decision algorithm.

Flow limitations in the iliac arteries of endurance athletes during exercise were previously ascribed solely to intravascular lesions. We postulate that functional kinking of the arteries can also result in flow limitations. However, the diagnostic tools in routine practice are not effective in diagnosing such flow limitations in a substantial proportion of athletes, mainly because these diagnostic tools do not measure in the provocative situations.

Supraventricular escape rhythms during transient episodes of bradycardia in preterm infants.

Objective: To evaluate the origin of transient episodes of sinus bradycardia, atrial escape rhythm, and atrioventricular nodal escape rhythm in preterm infants.

Material And Methods: The study was observational, and was carried out in a third level neonatal intensive care unit. We studied 19 spontaneously breathing infants born healthy but prior to term, the examinations being carried out between the ages of 3 and 28 days.

Antioxidants reduce oxidative stress in claudicants.

Background: Low-grade ischemia-reperfusion in claudicants leads to damage of local tissues and remote organs. Since this damage is partly caused by oxygen-derived free radicals (ODFR), scavenging these ODFR could reduce the local and remote injury.

Methods: Using a new method by which a free radical reaction product (ortho-APOH) of the exogenous marker antipyrine is measured to quantify the oxidative stress, 16 stable claudicants performed a standard walking test before and after administration of vitamin E (200 mg) and vitamin C (500 mg) daily for 4 weeks.

The effect of endurance training on the ventilatory response to exercise in elite cyclists.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on the ventilatory response to acute incremental exercise in elite cyclists. Fifteen male elite cyclists [mean (SD) age 24.3 (3.

Comparison of transvaginal sonography, saline infusion sonography, and hysteroscopy in premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Purpose: Saline infusion sonography (SIS) is a relatively new technique in the evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of SIS with that of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in the detection of intracavitary abnormalities in premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive premenopausal women who underwent a hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding also underwent TVS and SIS.

"Dog ear" formation after double-stapled low anterior resection as a risk factor for anastomotic disruption.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible deleterious effect of the lateral intersecting margins (so-called dog ears) on anastomotic disruption after experimentally performed double-stapled anastomoses.

Methods: Two groups of double-stapled side-to-end anastomoses were performed using pig small intestines. Group A consisted of 35 circular anastomoses and Group B of 32 double-stapled anastomoses with a bilateral dog ear.

The ventilatory threshold, heart rate, and endurance performance: relationships in elite cyclists.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the ventilatory response during incremental exercise as indication of endurance performance during prolonged high-intensity exercise under field test conditions in elite cyclists. The ventilatory threshold (VT) was assessed in 14 male elite cyclists (age 22.4+/-3.

Lymphoscintigraphy and feasibility of sentinel node biopsy in 83 patients with primary breast cancer.

Sentinel node (SN) biopsy technique has been reported to be a very accurate staging procedure in patients with stage I/II melanoma. Whether it is as accurate in patients with breast cancer has to be studied more extensively. Eighty-three patients with clinically T1-T2 N0M0 breast cancer were peri-tumorally injected with 99m-Tc colloidal-albumin.

Transvaginal ultrasonography and endometrial changes in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen.

Objectives: To assess an estrogenic effect of tamoxifen on the uterus and to evaluate the usefulness of transvaginal ultrasonography for identifying tamoxifen-induced endometrial pathology.

Methods: One hundred and two postmenopausal breast cancer patients without gynecological symptoms were examined by transvaginal ultrasonography. Forty-eight patients were treated with tamoxifen and 54 patients served as reference.

Smoking and diabetes mellitus.

The goal of this review is to determine the effects of smoking on diabetes mellitus, whether it aggravates diabetic complications or influences insulin metabolism and action. Also available anti-smoking programmes applicable for diabetic patients have been studied. The prevalence of smoking among diabetic patients has been investigated by conducting a meta-analysis.

Comparison of three commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and biopsy-dependent diagnosis for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection.

We evaluated the performance of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in detecting serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies to Helicobacter pylori; two were new ones from Pyloriset (Pyloriset EIA-G update and Pyloriset EIA-A update; Orion Diagnostica, Espoo, Finland), and the third was the Malakit EIA-G (Biolab, Limal, Belgium). Serum samples from 154 dyspeptic patients were collected. As a reference method, multiple biopsy specimens from different anatomical areas of the stomach were obtained by endoscopy and were analyzed by culture and/or histology and direct urease testing.

Only four days of quadruple therapy can effectively cure Helicobacter pylori infection.

Aim: To determine whether 4 days of quadruple therapy using bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole combined with omeprazole is effective treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection.

Methods: Non-ulcer dyspepsia, as well as chronic peptic ulcer patients with biopsy-proven H. pylori infection received 4 days of quadruple therapy.

Quadruple therapy compared with dual therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in ulcer patients: results of a randomized prospective single-centre study.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and side-effect profile of two currently advocated treatment regimens for eradicating Helicobacter pylori.

Design: A randomized, controlled, open, single-centre study.

Setting: A community hospital in The Netherlands.

The Gracz arteriovenous fistula evaluated. Results of the brachiocephalic elbow fistula in haemodialysis angio-access.

Objectives: To assess fistula patency and complication rates in braciocephalic elbow fistulas of both the Gracz and the side-to-side configuration.

Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Methods: Life table patency and complications of 50 Gracz fistulas and 23 side-to-side elbow fistulas created between 1988 and 1993 were reviewed.

Sensitivity of residual nephrons to high dose furosemide described by diuretic efficiency.

Ten haemodialysis (HD) patients with a median residual creatinine clearance (CLCR) of 1.9 ml.min-1 x 1.

Phase-II trial with M-CAVe-CEC as a salvage chemotherapeutic regimen for early relapsed or primary refractory Hodgkin's disease.

A substantial number of patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) do not respond adequately to standard therapy. Patients who relapse later than 1 year after completion of treatment have a good chance of achieving a second complete remission (CR). The prognosis of patients with primary refractory HD or relapse within 1 year, however, is poor.

Cyclic changes in the concentration of glucose and fructose in human cervical mucus.

Objective: To determine a possible cyclic change in the concentration of glucose and fructose in the aqueous phase of human cervical mucus (CM).

Design: Concentrations of glucose and fructose were longitudinally determined in the aqueous phase of CM of normal cycling women using enzymatic techniques, modified for small quantities.

Setting: Patients visiting a fertility clinic were selected.