A risk-based approach can guide safe cell line development and cell banking for scaled-up cultivated meat production.

For commercial viability, cultivated meats require scientifically informed approaches to identify and manage hazards and risks. Here we discuss food safety in the rapidly developing field of cultivated meat as it shifts from lab-based to commercial scales. We focus on what science-informed risk mitigation processes can be implemented from neighbouring fields.

Modulating the aroma and taste profile of soybean using novel strains for fermentation.

A key factor influencing consumer acceptance of soybean products is the aroma and taste profile, which can be modulated through fermentation using unique microbial strains. This study aimed to identify and characterize novel microbial strains with the potential to enhance flavour profiles including umami, while reducing undesirable flavour notes such as beany aromas. The results showed an 800% (8-fold) increase in free amino acids in samples fermented with , which correlated with an increase in umami intensity as measured using an E-tongue.

Effect of Moderate Red Meat Intake Compared With Plant-Based Meat Alternative on Psychological Well-Being: A 10-Wk Cluster Randomized Intervention in Healthy Young Adults.

Background: A healthy diet has been proposed to support good mental health, but the addition of either red meat or meat alternatives is nuanced.

Objectives: We aimed to determine if psychological and physiological well-being is differentially affected by consuming recommended weekly amounts of either lean red meat or plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) supplemented with a plant-rich diet.

Methods: The trial was a parallel 2-arm randomized intervention of 10 wk duration.

A Mn(salen)-Based Artificial Metalloenzyme for Nitrene and Oxene Transfer Catalysis.

The development of artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) offers a potent approach to incorporate non-natural chemical reactions into biocatalysis. Here we report the assembly of Mn(salen)-based ArMs by embedding biotinylated Mn(salen) complexes into streptavidin (Sav) variants. Using commercially available nitrene and oxo transfer reagents, these biohybrid catalysts catalyzed the aziridination of alkenes and oxidation of benzylic C-H bonds with up to 19 and 146 turnover numbers.

Incorporating Singaporean habits and practices for cosmetics and personal care products into a global consumer aggregate exposure model.

Understanding consumer habits and practices of cosmetics and personal care products (PCP) is essential to generate realistic product exposure data for the safety assessment of ingredients such as fragrance materials. Product usages can vary across regions due to differences in cultural norms, seasonal and climate conditions, and the availability of different product forms, yet there is limited data published on cosmetics and PCP use outside of North America and Europe. This study reports the habits and practices of cosmetics and PCP (such as frequency and amount of use) in Singapore where participants (n = 494, aged 21-64 years) recorded their product usages and had their products weighed over a two-week period.

Mucoadhesion and Mucins in Oral Processing: Their Role in Food Interaction, Texture, and Sensory Perception.

This is a review of mucus, and its principal component, mucins, in oral processing; it examines oral processing from the viewpoint of mucins being integral functional constituents of the food after the latter's insertion into the mouth. Under this light, mucins are treated as an omni-present functional ingredient. The chemical physics of the bolus formation is examined, focused on the role of mucins in the process.

Evaluating the effects of insoluble date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fibers on meat analogue patties composed of pea and wheat protein isolates.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of date pomace fibers (DF) on the physicochemical properties of plant-based ground patty analogues. Previously optimized pea and wheat protein isolates were incorporated with varying concentrations of DF, i.e.

Unidirectional Chiral Emission via Twisted Bi-layer Metasurfaces.

Controlling and channeling light emissions from unpolarized quantum dots into specific directions with chiral polarization remains a key challenge in modern photonics. Stacked metasurface designs offer a potential compact solution for chirality and directionality engineering. However, experimental observations of directional chiral radiation from resonant metasurfaces with quantum emitters remain obscure.

Comparative Effects of Durian and Banana Consumption on Thermic Effect of Food and Metabolic Responses in Healthy Adults.

Objective: In traditional Chinese philosophy, durian is classified as a "yang" food with heaty properties, believed to raise body temperature and blood pressure (BP) after consumption. In contrast, bananas are considered as "yin," possessing cooling effect. However, scientific evidence supporting these concepts is limited.

Optimizing HMG-CoA Synthase Expression for Enhanced Limonene Production in through Temporal Transcription Modulation Using Optogenetics.

Overexpression of a single enzyme in a multigene heterologous pathway may be out of balance with the other enzymes in the pathway, leading to accumulated toxic intermediates, imbalanced carbon flux, reduced productivity of the pathway, or an inhibited growth phenotype. Therefore, optimal, balanced, and synchronized expression levels of enzymes in a particular metabolic pathway is critical to maximize production of desired compounds while maintaining cell fitness in a growing culture. Furthermore, the optimal intracellular concentration of an enzyme is determined by the expression strength, specific timing/duration, and degradation rate of the enzyme.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae whole cell biotransformation for the production of aldehyde flavors and fragrances.

9-Carbon aldehydes such as (2E)-nonenal, (3Z)-nonenal, and (2E,6Z)-nonadienal are important melon and cucumber fragrance compounds. Currently, these molecules are produced either synthetically, which faces consumer aversion, or through biotransformation using plant-extracted enzymes, which is costly and inefficient. In this study, we constructed a Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform for the whole cell biotransformation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to 9-carbon aldehydes.

Low serum glycine strengthens the association between branched-chain amino acids and impaired insulin sensitivity assessed before and after weight loss in a population with pre-diabetes: The PREVIEW_NZ cohort.

Aim: Accumulation of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) is a hallmark feature of impaired insulin sensitivity. As intracellular BCAA catabolism is dependent on glycine availability, we hypothesised that the concurrent measurement of circulating glycine and BCAA may yield a stronger association with markers of insulin sensitivity than either BCAA or glycine alone. This study therefore examined the correlative relationships of BCAA, BCAA and glycine together, plus glycine alone on insulin sensitivity-related markers before and after an 8-week low energy diet (LED) intervention.

Identifying and as sustainable organisms to bioconvert glucosamine into valuable biomass.

Chitin is a major component of various wastes such as crustacean shells, filamentous fungi, and insects. Recently, food-safe biological and chemical processes converting chitin to glucosamine have been developed. Here, we studied microalgae that can uptake glucosamine as vital carbon and nitrogen sources for valuable alternative protein biomass.

Assessing nanotoxicity of food-relevant particles: A comparative analysis of cellular responses in cell monolayers versus 3D gut epithelial cultures.

Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in the food industry, yet safety concerns remain. The lack of validated methodologies is a bottleneck towards resolving this uncertainty. Hence, the current study aims to compare two cell models by examining the toxicological impacts of two food-relevant NPs (SiO and Ag) on intestinal epithelia using monolayer Caco-2 cells and full-thickness 3D tissue models of human small intestines (EpiIntestinal™).

Current upstream and downstream process strategies for sustainable yeast lipid production.

An increasing global population demands more lipids for food and chemicals, but the unsustainable growth of plant-derived lipid production and an unreliable supply of certain lipids due to environmental changes, require new solutions. One promising solution is the use of lipids derived from microbial biomass, particularly oleaginous yeasts. This critical review begins with a description of the most promising yeast lipid replacement targets: palm oil substitute, cocoa butter equivalent, polyunsaturated fatty acid source, and animal fat analogue, emphasizing sustainability aspects.

Systems biology approach for enhancing limonene yield by re-engineering Escherichia coli.

Engineered microorganisms have emerged as viable alternatives for limonene production. However, issues such as low enzyme abundance or activities, and regulatory feedback/forward inhibition may reduce yields. To understand the underlying metabolism, we adopted a systems biology approach for an engineered limonene-producing Escherichia coli strain K-12 MG1655.

Tandem mass spectral metabolic profiling of 54 actinobacterial strains and their 459 mutants.

Natural products encompass a diverse range of compounds with high impact applications in consumer care, agriculture and most notably, therapeutics. However, despite the expansive chemical repertoire indicated in genomic information of microbes, only a small subset can be obtained under laboratory conditions. To increase accessible chemical space and realize Nature's full chemical potential, a multi-pronged genetic- and cultivation-based strategy has been employed to activate and upregulate natural product biosyntheses in native and heterologous strains.

Digoxin and exercise effects on skeletal muscle Na,K-ATPase isoform gene expression in healthy humans.

In muscle, digoxin inhibits Na,K-ATPase (NKA) whereas acute exercise can increase NKA gene expression, consistent with training-induced increased NKA content. We investigated whether oral digoxin increased NKA isoform mRNA expression (qPCR) in muscle at rest, during and post-exercise in 10 healthy adults, who received digoxin (DIG, 0.25 mg per day) or placebo (CON) for 14 days, in a randomised, double-blind and cross-over design.

Tailored recommendations for infant milk formula intake results in more accurate feeding.

Unlabelled: Currently available guidelines on the daily formula milk requirements of infants are based on the needs of infants with their growth pattern following the 50th percentile of the weight-for-age growth curve. Hence, current recommendations may not thoroughly detail the needs of infants across the broad spectrum of body weight percentiles. This study aimed to provide stratified recommendations for daily formula milk intake of fully formula-fed infants, across different weight-for-age categories from 0 to 4 months.

Phytochemical fingerprint revealing antibacterial and antioxidant activities of endemic banana cultivars in Southeast Asia.

This study explores the bioactive secondary metabolite profiles of the peels of three major cultivars of bananas ( and ). These cultivars are primarily grown in Southeast Asia and are widely consumed due to their rich nutritional and fiber content. The research utilizes advanced analytical techniques, specifically HPLC-DAD-q-TOF-MS/MS, in conjunction with both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, to analyze the ethanolic extracts of the banana peels.

Role of superfine grinding in whole-purple-wheat flour. Part II: Impacts of size reduction on dough properties, bread quality and in vitro starch digestion.

This study aimed to enhance bread functionality while maintaining its organoleptic attributes by employing superfine grinding and purple wheat, through characterizing dough properties, bread quality attributes, and in vitro starch digestibility. Compared with dough made from commercial-superfine-whole-wheat flour, the superfine-whole-purple-wheat dough was less strong, comparably extensible, and higher in gassing power during mixing, moulding and proofing, respectively. The subsequent bread quality analysis of crumb grain features and texture indicated that the bread made from superfine-whole-purple-wheat flour was more porous and softer with a larger specific volume (3.

Discovery of Curcuminoids as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors from Medicine-and-Food Homology Plants.

Researchers are increasingly interested in discovering new pancreatic lipase inhibitors as anti-obesity ingredients. Medicine-and-food homology plants contain a diverse set of natural bioactive compounds with promising development potential. This study screened and identified potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors from 20 commonly consumed medicine-and-food homology plants using affinity ultrafiltration combined with spectroscopy and docking simulations.