Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Intrinsic capacity (IC) and frailty are inter-related yet distinct constructs which encapsulate functional capacities of older adults. There is uncertainty how IC is related to and interacts with the social (SF) and physical (PF) dimensions of frailty to influence cognition. We aim to examine IC, PF and SF profiles and compare the association between identified subtypes with change in cognition at 2 years METHODS: We studied 230 healthy community-dwelling older adults (age:67.

Genome-based reclassification of as a later heterotypic synonym of .

Both the genera and are members of the family . Their type species, both Sanger_33 and ASD5720, were isolated from human faeces. A comparison of their 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed 100% similarity, suggesting their close relatedness and the possibility of belonging to the same species.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The Test of Practical Judgement (TOP-J) in its 9-item (TOPJ9) and 15-item (TOPJ15) versions (Rabin et el., 2007), validated for assessing practical judgement, encompasses day-to-day scenarios in medical, financial, safety, and social/ethical domains. This study seeks to evaluate its utility in distinguishing cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals from those with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) within a Southeast Asian population.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Exploring the Impact of Amidation Status in -Diaminopimelic-Acid-Containing Disaccharide Peptidoglycan Fragments on Host Innate Immune Activation.

Bacterial peptidoglycan, the essential cell surface polymer that protects bacterial integrity, also serves as the molecular pattern recognized by the host's innate immune system. Although the minimal motifs of bacterial peptidoglycan fragments (PGNs) that activate mammalian NOD1 and NOD2 sensors are well-known and often represented by small canonical ligands, the immunostimulatory effects of natural PGNs, which are structurally more complex and potentially can simultaneously activate both the NOD1 and NOD2 signaling pathways in hosts, have not been comprehensively investigated. In particular, many bacteria incorporate additional structural modifications in peptidoglycans to evade host immune surveillance, resulting in diverse structural variations among natural PGNs that may influence their biological effects in hosts.

Nurses' Perception of Their Role in Leading Nurse-Led Interventions in Intrinsic Capacity Assessment to Improve Nursing Care of Older Adults.

Aim: To explore nurses' perceptions of their role in leading nursing interventions for each domain of intrinsic capacity, based on the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework to enhance care for older adults in acute settings.

Design: A qualitative descriptive design was adopted.

Methods: Conducted in a Singapore acute hospital from August to November 2023, recruited 21 inpatient nurses with at least 2 years of experience through purposive sampling.

Perception of Socioeconomic Status: A Meta-Analysis of Manipulations.

The causal effects of one's socioeconomic status (SES) on outcomes are typically examined by experimentally manipulating SES self-perceptions based on one of three SES dimensions-absolute resource, relative resource, and general social position. We investigated the efficacy of these manipulations by systematically meta-analyzing their effects on SES self-perceptions. Based on 107 eligible samples ( = 26,203), manipulations of SES self-perceptions across the three SES dimensions were effective overall ( = 0.

Extending and Testing Protection Motivation Theory in the Context of COVID-19 Contact-Tracing Technology: A Comparison of South Korea and the United States.

This study applies protection motivation theory (PMT) to the COVID-19 contact-tracing context by including privacy concerns, collective efficacy, and a mediator (fear of COVID-19) and tests it in the US and South Korea. The study uses a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach and a sample of 418 Americans and 444 South Koreans. According to the results, fear was positively associated with adoption intentions in the US sample but not in the Korean sample.

An integrated magnetoimpedance biosensor microfluidic magnetic platform for the evaluation of the cardiac marker cTnI.

An integrated magnetoimpedance (MI) biosensor microfluidic magnetic platform was proposed for the evaluation of the cardiac marker, cardiac troponin I (cTnI). This bioanalyte evaluation platform mainly comprised three external permanent magnets (PMs), one MI element, two peelable SiO film units and a microfluidic chip (MFC). The MI element was made of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based multilayered [Ti (6 nm)/FeNi (100 nm)]/Cu (400 nm)/[Ti (6 nm)/FeNi (100 nm)] thin films and designed as meander structures with closed magnetic flux.

Risk of myocardial infarction and Osteoporosis: Insights from the 2015-2018 NHANES and Mendelian randomization Studies.

Background: There are some common pathophysiological risk factors between myocardial infarction and osteoporosis, and the exact relationship between the two is not yet clear. Our study aims to provide evidence on the relationship between myocardial infarction and osteoporosis through the analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis from 2015 to 2018.

Methods: A two-sample MR study using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) was conducted to determine the causal relationship between myocardial infarction and osteoporosis.

Diagnosis of cognitive impairment and dementia: blood plasma and optical coherence tomography.

Accurate and early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia is crucial for enabling timely interventions and improving patient outcomes. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of plasma biomarkers (neurofilament light chain and phosphorylated tau181) and retinal biomarkers (retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer), individually and in combination, in differentiating moderate cognitive impairment and dementia from mild cognitive impairment and no cognitive impairment. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 509 participants, aged 50 and older, recruited from a memory clinic.

Real-time estimated Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score with intervals: improved risk monitoring with estimated uncertainty in health condition for patients in intensive care units.

Purpose: Real-time risk monitoring is critical but challenging in intensive care units (ICUs) due to the lack of real-time updates for most clinical variables. Although real-time predictions have been integrated into various risk monitoring systems, existing systems do not address uncertainties in risk assessments. We developed a novel framework based on commonly used systems like the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score by incorporating uncertainties to improve the effectiveness of real-time risk monitoring.

Selective treatment de-escalation in advanced prostate cancer: have we come full circle?

Compelling evidence has solidified the notion of early treatment intensification in managing patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Landmark trials have provided Level 1 evidence for the survival benefits achieved by combining multiple agents. The efficacy of combined therapy relies not only on how treatment is intensified but also on how it is de-escalated.

Application and implementation of brief geriatric assessment in primary care and community settings: a scoping review.

Background: Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment is the gold standard of clinical care for older patients but its application in the primary care setting is limited, possibly due to its time-consuming process. Hence, a brief geriatric assessment could be a feasible alternative. We conducted a scoping review to identify which brief geriatric assessment tools have been evaluated or implemented in primary and community care settings and to identify the domains assessed including their reported outcomes.

OrchidBase 6.0: increasing the number of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) genomes and new bioinformatic tools for orchid genome analysis.

Background: Orchids are well-known for their rich diversity of species as well as wide range habitats. Their floral structures are so unique in angiosperms that many of orchids are economically and culturally important in human society. Orchids pollination strategy and evolutionary trajectory are also fantastic human for centuries.