Pharmacogenetic Testing for Predicting Methylphenidate Treatment Outcomes in Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Turkey: Focus on Carboxylesterase 1, Latrophilin-3, and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase.

Pharmacogenetic studies involving Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), Latrophilin-3 (LPHN3), and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) revealed individual differences regarding therapeutic response in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) under methylphenidate (MPH) treatment. This study aimed to evaluate MPH's association with the adverse effect status in children and its relationship with CES1, LPHN3, and COMT in the Turkish population. The study included 102 children and adolescents with ADHD, who were categorized as responders, or the adverse effect group based on their treatment response.

Family Functioning, Life Satisfaction, and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Adults With Diabetes and Hypertension: A Cross-Lagged Model.

This study aims to evaluate the bidirectional relationship between family functioning and depressive symptoms, considering life satisfaction as a potential mediator and gender, age and income as a moderator of these associations. A longitudinal study was conducted with 708 Chinese adults with diabetes and hypertension (51.6% women; mean age: 64.

Germanium nanocrystal non-volatile memory devices: fabrication, charge storage mechanism and characterization.

The widespread proliferation and increasing use of portable electronic devices and wearables, and the recent developments in artificial intelligence and internet-of-things, have fuelled the need for high-density and low-voltage non-volatile memory devices. Nanocrystal memory, an emergent non-volatile memory (NVM) device that makes use of the Coulomb blockade effect, can potentially result in the scaling of the tunnel dielectric layer to a very small thickness. Since the nanocrystals are electrically isolated, potential charge leakage paths localized defects in the thin tunnel dielectric can be substantially reduced, unlike that in a continuous polysilicon floating gate structure.

Personalized Photoprotection: Expert Consensus and Recommendations From a Delphi Study Among Dermatologists.

Background: Recommending comprehensive personalized photoprotection requires an accurate assessment of the patient's skin, including phototype, lifestyle, exposure conditions, environmental factors, and concomitant cutaneous conditions as well as deep knowledge of the available options: sunscreen ingredients (type of filters, spectrum coverage, sun protection factor, enhanced active ingredients), oral photoprotection, and other methods of sun protection and avoidance.

Objectives: To establish consensus-based recommendations endorsed by an international panel of experts for personalized medical photoprotection recommendations that are applicable globally.

Methods: A two-round Delphi study was designed to determine the degree of agreement and relevance of aspects related to personalized medical photoprotection.

Prevalence of dementia in Singapore: Changes across a decade.

Introduction: The study aimed to assess changes in the prevalence of dementia in Singapore over the past decade.

Methods: The Well-being of the Singapore Elderly (WiSE) 2023 and the WiSE 2013 studies were comprehensive, single-phase, cross-sectional surveys conducted among older adults aged ≥60 years in Singapore. WiSE 2023 included 2010 older adults and 1798 informants, whereas WiSE 2013 comprised 2565 older adults and 2421 informants.

Assessment of hemodynamic disturbances and impaired ventricular filling in asymptomatic fontan patients: A 4D flow CMR study.

Background: The Fontan procedure is a surgical intervention designed for patients with single ventricle physiology, wherein the systemic venous return is redirected into the pulmonary circulation, thereby facilitating passive pulmonary blood flow without the assistance of ventricular propulsion. Consequently, long-term follow-up of individuals who have undergone the asymptomatic Fontan procedure is essential.

Objectives: The aims of this investigation were to: 1) examine the impact of flow components and kinetic energy (KE) parameters on hemodynamic disturbances in asymptomatic Fontan patients and control group; 2) Assess left ventricular diastolic dysfunction through the analysis of 4D flow parameters across different Fontan sub-groups; 3) Compare intracardiac flow parameters among Fontan sub-groups based on morphological features of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV).

Microbial biopesticides: A one health perspective on benefits and risks.

Controlling insect pests that destroy crop and spread diseases will become increasingly crucial for addressing the food demands of a growing global population and the expansion of vector-borne diseases. A key challenge is the development of a balanced approach for sustainable food production and disease control in 2050 and beyond. Microbial biopesticides, derived from bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, or nematodes, offer potentially significant benefits for promoting One Health and contributing to several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

A qualitative study on general practitioners' perspectives on late-life depression in Singapore-part II: system- and physician-related factors.

Background: Little is known about the practices and resources employed by general practitioners (GPs) in Singapore to manage late-life depression. As the country is stepping up its efforts to promote collaborative care across community mental health and geriatric care, understanding GPs' current practices when managing late-life depression appears timely.

Methods: This qualitative descriptive study explored the perspectives on late-life depression of 28 private GPs practicing in Singapore through online semi-structured group and individual interviews.

A Multi-Center Prospective Study on the Healing of Neuro-Ischemic Ulcers in Singapore: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Neuro-ischemic ulcers (NIU) present a substantial clinical and economic burden on the healthcare systems. This study aims to evaluate their healing rate, associated healthcare resource utilization, and prognostic factors influencing healing.

Methods: Consecutive patients attended specialist clinics or admitted to wards in three tertiary hospitals for new or existing NIUs from November 2019 to November 2021 were eligible for this study.

Correction: Three-dimensional TiNbO anchored on carbon nanofiber core-shell arrays as an anode for high-rate lithium ion storage.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9RA10485B.].

Acute Hyperhidrosis: A Clue to Underlying Autonomic Dysfunction and a Rare Neurological Disorder.

Acute hyperhidrosis is characterized by excessive sweating. In the absence of other symptoms, the symptoms of sweating alone are often benign and may be ignored by patients and clinicians. Rarely, hyperhidrosis may be a harbinger of an underlying severe disease.

Treatment Inertia and Symptom Burden in Anemia of CKD: Insights from the SATISFY Survey in the Middle East, South Africa, and Türkiye.

Introduction: Limited data exist regarding treatment patterns and symptom burden of patients with anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Middle East, South Africa, and Türkiye.

Methods: This real-world study explored clinical characteristics, symptom burden, and treatment patterns of patients with anemia of CKD living in the Middle East, South Africa, and Türkiye. Physician and patient perceptions of treatment were captured via cross-sectional surveys; patients' clinical characteristics were recorded by retrospective review of medical records.

Once a day administration of R(+) propranolol is sufficient to block vasculogenesis in a xenograft model of infantile hemangioma.

Objectives: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a benign vascular tumor that occurs in 5% of infants, predominantly in female and preterm neonates. Propranolol is the mainstay of treatment for IH. Given the short half-life of propranolol regarding β-adrenergic receptor inhibition as well as its side effects, propranolol is administered to infants 2-3 times daily with 1 mg/kg/dose.

Behavior, mechanisms, and applications of low-concentration CO in energy media.

This review explores the behavior of low-concentration CO (LCC) in various energy media, such as solid adsorbents, liquid absorbents, and catalytic surfaces. It delves into the mechanisms of diffusion, adsorption, and catalytic reactions, while analyzing the potential applications and challenges of these properties in technologies like air separation, compressed gas energy storage, and CO catalytic conversion. Given the current lack of comprehensive analyses, especially those encompassing multiscale studies of LCC behavior, this review aims to provide a theoretical foundation and data support for optimizing CO capture, storage, and conversion technologies, as well as guidance for the development and application of new materials.

Measuring physical activity, automaticity and memory are determinants for physical activity promotion among physical therapists in cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation: a cross-sectional survey.

Purpose: The study aims to identify determinants of implementation behavior among physical therapists frequently promoting physical activity (PA) in cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey incorporating the Determinants of Implementation Behavior Questionnaire (DIBQ) and anchored by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was sent to physical therapists working in cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation practices in Australia and Singapore. All items on the DIBQ were scored on a 7-point Likert scale from "Strongly Disagree" to "Strongly Agree.

Surface-Confined Disordered Hydrogen Bonds Enable Efficient Lithium Transport in All-Solid-State PEO-Based Lithium Battery.

Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes are essential to advance all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with high safety/energy density due to their inherent flexibility and scalability. However, the inefficient Li+ transport in PEO often leads to poor rate performance and diminished stability of the ASSLBs. The regulation of intermolecular H-bonds is regarded as one of the most effective approaches to enable efficient Li+ transport, while the practical performances are hindered by the electrochemical instability of free H-bond donors and the constrained mobility of highly ordered H-bonding structures.

Cycloolefin Copolymers With a Multiply Rigid Structure for Protecting Triplet Exciton From Thermo- and Moisture-Quenching.

Polymeric room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have been well developed and utilized in various fields. However, their fast thermo- and moisture-quenching behavior highly limit their applications in certain harsh environments. Therefore, the preparation of materials with thermo- and moisture-resistant phosphorescence is greatly attractive.

Microfluidics for morpholomics and spatial omics applications.

Creative designs, precise fluidic manipulation, and automation have supported the development of microfluidics for single-cell applications. Together with the advancements in detection technologies and artificial intelligence (AI), microfluidic-assisted platforms have been increasingly used for new modalities of single-cell investigations and in spatial omics applications. This review explores the use of microfluidic technologies for morpholomics and spatial omics with a focus on single-cell and tissue characterization.

Cation-Vacancy Engineering in Cobalt Selenide Boosts Electrocatalytic Upcycling of Polyester Thermoplastics at Industrial-Level Current Density.

The past decades have witnessed the increasing accumulation of plastics, posing a daunting environmental crisis. Among various solutions, converting plastics into value-added products presents a significant endeavor. Here, an electrocatalytic upcycling route that efficiently converts waste poly(butylene terephthalate) plastics into high-value succinic acid with high Faradaic efficiency of 94.

Site-Selective Modification and Labeling of Native RNA.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) plays a pivotal role in regulating biological processes within living systems, with modified nucleosides serving as critical modulators of various aspects of biological functions. Therefore, the development of efficient methodologies for late-stage, site-selective RNA modification is of considerable interest, as it facilitates the functional exploration of RNA chemical modifications and their implications for therapeutic applications. Precise RNA modification holds significant promise for the treatment of genetic diseases by enabling the correction of mutated nucleobases to their wild-type forms.

Computational Insights Into Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism: Dissociation of Imidazole on Iron Surface.

Corrosion inhibitors are widely used to mitigate safety risks and economic losses in engineering, yet post-adsorption processes remain underexplored. In this study, we employed density functional theory calculations with a periodic model to investigate the dissociation mechanisms of imidazole on the Fe(100) surface. Imidazole was found to adsorb optimally in a parallel orientation, with an adsorption energy of -0.

Poor agreement among asthma specialists on the choice and timing of initiation of a biologic treatment for severe asthma patients.

Background: As the number of monoclonal antibodies available for severe asthma is growing, specialists currently choose without clear guidelines. Despite increasing knowledge on treatment response to these monoclonal antibodies, making the optimal choice for each individual patient remains a challenge. However, evidence of this daily challenge is lacking.