Risk Perception and Willingness to Work Among Doctors and Medical Students of Karachi, Pakistan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

Purpose: During the timeline of twenty years, several epidemics and pandemics have occurred. Yet, a consistent feature of these public health crises is the surge in the demand for healthcare services exceeds the availability.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in the month of June and July 2020 in Karachi, Pakistan.

The Role of Tumor Markers: Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Cancer Antigen 15-3 in Patients With Breast Cancer.

Introduction  Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality among females, worldwide. The present study was intended to evaluate the significance in the management of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) in patients with breast cancer. Methodology A cohort study was conducted at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan from June 2020 to May 2021.

Impact of Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (ND-YAG) Posterior Capsulotomy Laser Treatment on Central Macular Thickness: A Prospective, Observational Study From a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction Opacification of the posterior capsule is labeled as a secondary cataract. The objective of the current study was to assess central macular thickness (CMT) changes following neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (ND-YAG) posterior capsulotomy and to find out the correlation between CMT with the age, energy, and total shots utilized during the procedure. Methodology In this single-centered prospective observational study, 137 patients with a mean age of 57 ± 12.

Understanding COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Pakistan: an echo of previous immunizations or prospect of change?

Background: As countries ramp up their COVID-19 vaccination programs, attitudes of the population remain a determining player in the success of these plans. This study analyses the factors associated with intent to vaccinate against COVID-19 in the Pakistani population.

Methodology: This cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey was carried out in April 2021.

Ocular and Dental Causes of Headaches Among School-Age Children in Jordan: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction Headache disorders are becoming increasingly prevalent among the younger population. In this study, we aimed to explore the varying causes of headaches among school-age children in Jordan. Methodology This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the Queen Rania Hospital for Children between June 2019 and June 2020.

Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients With Solid Tumors.

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health crisis. The literature suggests that cancer patients are more prone to be affected by COVID-19 because cancer suppresses the immune system and such patients usually present poor results. The objective of this study is to present all clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients with solid tumors.

Mean Changes in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Having Renal Stone Disease.

Background Urinary stone disease is associated with renal impairment because of obstruction and infection. Comorbidities include hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and impaired renal function. Furthermore, as recurrences are common in urolithiasis, such patients undergo many treatments throughout their life.

The Outcomes of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for High-Density Renal Stone on Non-Contrast Computed Tomography.

Introduction Urinary lithiasis is usually managed by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Patients are examined using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) in order to evaluate the feasibility of ESWL, according to where the stone is located and how big is its size. The objective of this study is to determine the outcomes of ESWL in patients having high-density renal stone, evaluated using NCCT.

The Pattern of Dyslipidemia in Chronic Liver Disease Patients.

Introduction Patients with chronic liver disease are expected to report derangements in serum lipid profiles. Lipid profile monitoring is not a part of the routine management of these patients in our hospital. Few recent studies show how lipid profile varies with the severity of disease and should be considered in the management planning of such patients.

Primary Malignant Mesothelioma of the Liver: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Primary malignant mesothelioma of the liver is an extremely rare cancer, with only 16 cases reported in the literature so far. Diagnosis is challenging due to morphological similarity with common liver cancers and the extreme rarity of the condition.

Case Description: We present the case of a 70-year-old man who was found to have an incidental liver mass which was diagnosed as primary malignant mesothelioma of the liver.

Genetic polymorphism of the prostasin gene in hypertensive pregnant Pakistani females.

Objective: The study was performed to investigate the association of hypertension in pregnancy with prostasin gene polymorphism in Pakistani females.

Methods: This case-control study was performed at University of Karachi, Pakistan from April 2018 to May 2019. A total of 160 females, including 90 hypertensives and 70 healthy pregnant females, were recruited by purposive sampling after obtaining informed written consent.

Interventional Study for Improving Health Information System in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Objective To assess the improvement in the health information system in the district Nowshera by integrating the data reporting of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) and Lady Health Worker (LHW) programs in the existing system. Methodology The study was conducted at district Nowshera and Swabi, Pakistan between May 2015 and May 2016 for a duration of one year. The data collection instruments used in the study were adapted from the Performance of Routine Information System Management (PRISM) tool package.

Does malnutrition in clubfoot patients affect Ponseti technique and its outcome?

Objectives: Malnutrition is a crucial health problem predominantly in the developing countries. Malnutrition in children is one of the main risk factors for diseases and mortality. Club foot or congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is the most common form of congenital orthopaedic abnormality.

Knowledge, attitude and precautionary practices towards COVID-19 among healthcare professionals in Karachi, Pakistan.

Introduction: With the increase in the incidence rate of COVID-19, healthcare professionals (HCPs) being at the frontline of the outbreak response are at higher risk of getting exposure and suffering from the infection. The present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and precautionary practices of HCPs towards COVID-19.

Methodology: The current study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, online study directed to the HCPs working in a metropolitan city of Karachi, during February 2020 and March 2020 using a self-administered questionnaire.

Acute Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusion in a Hypertensive COVID-19 Patient.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease that has a potential of causing cardiovascular illness. Cardiac outcomes of COVID-19 mainly include acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and left ventricular dysfunction. However, pericardial involvement is very rare.

Switching of vascular cells towards atherogenesis, and other factors contributing to atherosclerosis: a systematic review.

Background: Onset, development and progression of atherosclerosis are complex multistep processes. Many aspects of atherogenesis are not yet properly known. This study investigates the changes in vasculature that contribute to switching of vascular cells towards atherogenesis, focusing mainly on ageing.

Arteriovenous malformation with associated multiple flow-related distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms: A case report with poor outcomes.

Background: Low-grade arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) associated with multiple flow-related distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are rare occurrences. Here, we present a case of a frontal AVM with three associated DACA aneurysms arising from a single feeder.

Case Description: A 36-year-old male presented to us in the ER with acute-onset dysphasia and altered mental status.

Change in Student's perceptions of the learning environment after a period of exposure: A mixed method approach with quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Objective: To compare change in students'perceptions of learning environment at the time of their enrollment and after moving to the second semester.

Methods: The mixed method quantitative-qualitative studywas conducted in two parts at the Pathology Department, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi,from Marchto October, 2018, and comprised undergraduate medical students. Data was collected using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measurein phase one.

The Success Level of Hypospadias Repair in Adults.

Introduction Hypospadias is the abnormal opening of the urethra at the undersurface of the penis. Hypospadias repair is performed in such patients to treat the condition. The success level of hypospadias repair in adults still needs to be established on a larger scale.

Outcome at Six Months After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Performed at a Rural Satellite Center of Sindh Province of Pakistan.

Introduction Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is now a well-established treatment of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). For the first time in Pakistan, various off-site satellite centers are established to perform PPCI 24-hours. Our population mainly resides in the rural area with low literacy rate and poor socioeconomic conditions.

Role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in learning anatomical variations in pancreatic duct.

Objective: To assess the frequency of anatomical variations of pancreatic duct through magnetic resonance cholangiography pancreatography. .

Methods: The cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from May 2011 to December 2012 at the Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, in collaboration with the Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.

Formulation development and optimization studies of mouth dissolving tablets of tizanidine HCl.

The purpose of this research was the development and optimization of mouth dissolving tablets (MDT) of Tizanidine hydrochloride using superdisintegrant. MDTs of Tizanidine (4mg) were manufactured by direct compression method. Formulations comprised of Tizanidine and excipients including croscarmellose sodium, Avicel PH 102, aspartame, orange flavor and magnesium stearate.

Spectrum of Preneoplastic and Neoplastic lesions of intestine in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi, Pakistan.

Objectives: To present 7 years data mentioning the spectrum of preneoplastic & neoplastic cases of intestine received at Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference Laboratory.

Methods: All the cases of preneoplastic & neoplastic lesions of intestine received during 2009 - 2015 were reviewed. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.