Comprehensive earthquake-induced landslide inventory dataset of the 2010 Chile megathrust earthquake.

Chile is one of the most seismically active countries on Earth and is often associated with cascading hazards, such as ground shaking, liquefaction, tsunamis, and coseismic landslides. Additionally, removal mass is a global hazard with devastating impacts resulting in thousands of fatalities every year, substantial economic losses, and long-term economic disruption. The dataset described in this article consists of a comprehensive landslide inventory for the 2010 Mw 8.

Discovery of a lagriamide polyketide by integrated genome mining, isotopic labeling, and untargeted metabolomics.

Microorganisms from the order Burkholderiales have been the source of a number of important classes of natural products in recent years. For example, study of the beetle-associated symbiont led to the discovery of the antifungal polyketide lagriamide; an important molecule from the perspectives of both biotechnology and chemical ecology. As part of a wider project to sequence Burkholderiales genomes from our in-house Burkholderiales library we identified a strain containing a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) similar to the original lagriamide BGC.

Gentrification, perceptions of neighborhood change, and mental health in Montréal, Québec.

While census-defined measures of gentrification are often used in research on gentrification and health, surveys can be used to better understand how residents perceive neighborhood change, and the implications for mental health. Whether or not gentrification affects mental health may depend on the extent to which an individual perceives changes in their neighborhood. Using health and map-based survey data, collected from 2020 to 2021, from the Interventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team, we examined links between perceptions of neighborhood change, census-defined neighborhood gentrification at participant residential addresses, and mental health among 505 adults living in Montréal.

A dual-mode visual detector for toxic hydrazine.

Hydrazine (NH) is one of the commonly used chemical reagents in numerous industries and applications but its toxicity to humans poses a need to develop simple visual detection methods. Herein, we demonstrate a novel dual-mode system to detect and simultaneously consume hydrazine in vapour and solution by using a small photoresponsive molecule that has altered optical response (both colourimetric and fluorescent) after reacting with hydrazine.

Lithium niobate particles with a tunable diameter and porosity for optical second harmonic generation.

Uniform, porous particles of lithium niobate (LiNbO) can be used as contrast agents in bioimaging, drug delivery carriers, nonlinear optical emitters, biosensors, photocatalysts and electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries. In this article, we introduce a hydrothermal method to prepare uniform, mesoporous LiNbO particles with a tunable diameter and porosity. These properties are each tuned by adjusting the reaction times of the hydrothermal process.

Brexit, COVID-19, and attitudes toward immigration in Britain.

Objective: A key issue in Britain's referendum on European Union membership was the free movement of labor into Britain, with Brexit "Leavers" having more negative attitudes toward immigrants than "Remainers." Such anti-immigrant attitudes are driven by feelings of threat. The coronavirus pandemic presented a new threat in the context of ongoing Brexit negotiations.

Photothermal release of an encapsulated therapeutic agent from polymer-wrapped gold nanoparticles.

Visible light is used to generate heat from gold nanoparticles wrapped in an amphiphilic polymer shell and trigger a reverse Diels-Alder reaction of a 'caged' tyrphostin therapeutic agent. The hydrophilic nature of the released agent results in it travelling from the polymer to the bulk medium, while the byproduct of the reaction is trapped in the hydrophobic layer of the nano-assembly.

Urinary phthalates and body mass index in preschool children: The MIREC Child Development Plus study.

Childhood exposure to phthalates, a class of chemicals with known reproductive and developmental effects, has been hypothesized to increase the risk of obesity, but this association is not well understood in preschool children. We examined the association between urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and concurrently measured body mass index (BMI) and skinfolds among children between the ages of two and five years. We collected anthropometric measures and biomonitoring data on approximately 200 children enrolled in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals Child Development Plus study.

Room temperature crystallization of amorphous polysiloxane using photodimerization.

Bulk crystallization in flexible polymeric systems is difficult to control due to the random orientation of the chains. Here we report a photo cross-linking strategy that results in simultaneous cross-linking and crystallization of polysiloxane chains into millimeter sized leaf-like polycrystalline structures. Polymers containing pendant anthracene groups are prepared and undergo [4+4] photocycloaddition under 365 nm irradiation at room temperature.

Green solvent assisted synthesis of cesium bismuth halide perovskite nanocrystals and the influences of slow and fast anion exchange rates.

Replacing lead in halide perovskites to address the concerns of their toxicity and stability has driven a recent surge in research toward alternative lead-free perovskite materials. Lead-free all inorganic cesium bismuth halide (CsBiX) perovskite nanocrystals have attracted attention in recent years due to the air-stability and non-toxic nature of bismuth. Herein, we demonstrate a facile sonication-assisted approach for the preparation of all-inorganic cesium bismuth iodide (CsBiI) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) using propylene carbonate as a green, alternative solvent.

One-pot synthesis of sub-10 nm LiNbO nanocrystals exhibiting a tunable optical second harmonic response.

Nanophotonics, dealing with the properties of light interacting with nanometer scale materials and structures, has emerged as a sought after platform for sensing and imaging applications, and is impacting fields that include advanced information technology, signal processing circuits, and cryptography. Lithium niobate (LiNbO) is a unique photonic material, often referred to as the "silicon of photonics" due to its excellent optical properties. In this article, we introduce a solution-phase method to prepare single-crystalline LiNbO nanoparticles with average diameters of 7 nm.

Unexpected Solvent Effect in Electrocatalytic CO to CO Conversion Revealed Using Asymmetric Metalloporphyrins.

Rapid and efficient electrochemical CO reduction is an ongoing challenge for the production of sustainable fuels and chemicals. In this work, electrochemical CO reduction is investigated using metalloporphyrin catalysts (metal = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) that feature one hydroxyphenyl group, and three other phenyl groups, in the porphyrin heterocycle (5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, TPOH). These complexes, which are minimal versions of related complexes bearing up to eight proton relays, were designed to allow more straightforward determination of the role of the 2-hydroxylphenyl functional group.

Initial investigations of spectral measurements to estimate the time within stages of Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

Current applications of forensic entomology to post-mortem interval estimations involve ageing the insects colonizing the remains based on minimum time to reach the oldest stage of development. Immature species of blow fly develop at a predictable rate to each stage of development in their lifecycle. Unfortunately, the minimum time to reach a stage of development can be a rather unrefined estimate of tenure on the body in the sometimes lengthy time frame of the later stages.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of tea catechin mixture in rats and humans.

Although green tea ( sinensis) (GT) contains a large number of polyphenolic compounds with anti-oxidative and anti-proliferative activities, little is known of the pharmacokinetics and tissue dose of tea catechins (TCs) as a chemical mixture in humans. The objectives of this study were to develop and validate a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of tea catechin mixture (TCM) in rats and humans, and to predict an integrated or total concentration of TCM in the plasma of humans after consuming GT or Polyphenon E (PE). To this end, a PBPK model of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) consisting of 13 first-order, blood flow-limited tissue compartments was first developed in rats.

The environmental variables that impact human decomposition in terrestrially exposed contexts within Canada.

Little is known about the nature and trajectory of human decomposition in Canada. This study involved the examination of 96 retrospective police death investigation cases selected using the Canadian ViCLAS (Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System) and sudden death police databases. A classification system was designed and applied based on the latest visible stages of autolysis (stages 1-2), putrefaction (3-5) and skeletonisation (6-8) observed.

State dependence, personality, and plants: light-foraging decisions in Mimosa pudica (L.).

Plants make foraging decisions that are dependent on ecological conditions, such as resource availability and distribution. Despite the field of plant behavioral ecology gaining momentum, ecologists still know little about what factors impact plant behavior, especially light-foraging behavior. We made use of the behavioral reaction norm approach to investigate light foraging in a plant species that exhibits rapid movement: Mimosa pudica.

Accounting for size-specific predation improves our ability to predict the strength of a trophic cascade.

Predation can influence the magnitude of herbivory that grazers exert on primary producers by altering both grazer abundance and their per capita consumption rates via changes in behavior, density-dependent effects, and size. Therefore, models based solely on changes in abundance may miss key components of grazing pressure. We estimated shifts in grazing pressure associated with changes in the abundance and per capita consumption rates of sea urchins triggered by size-selective predation by sea otters (Enhydra lutris).

A 10-year retrospective analysis of hospital admissions and length of stay among a cohort of homeless adults in Vancouver, Canada.

Background: Homelessness is associated with a very high prevalence of substance use and mental disorders and elevated levels of acute health service use. Among the homeless, little is known regarding the relative impact of specific mental disorders on healthcare utilization. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between different categories of diagnosed mental disorders with hospital admission and length of stay (LOS) in a cohort of homeless adults in Vancouver, Canada.

In situ tagging technique for fishes provides insight into growth and movement of invasive lionfish.

Information on fish movement and growth is primarily obtained through the marking and tracking of individuals with external tags, which are usually affixed to anesthetized individuals at the surface. However, the quantity and quality of data obtained by this method is often limited by small sample sizes owing to the time associated with the tagging process, high rates of tagging-related mortality, and displacement of tagged individuals from the initial capture location. To address these issues, we describe a technique for applying external streamer and dart tags in situ, which uses SCUBA divers to capture and tag individual fish on the sea floor without the use of anesthetic.

Pollinators visit related plant species across 29 plant-pollinator networks.

Understanding the evolution of specialization in host plant use by pollinators is often complicated by variability in the ecological context of specialization. Flowering communities offer their pollinators varying numbers and proportions of floral resources, and the uniformity observed in these floral resources is, to some degree, due to shared ancestry. Here, we find that pollinators visit related plant species more so than expected by chance throughout 29 plant-pollinator networks of varying sizes, with "clade specialization" increasing with community size.

On the evolution of omnivory in a community context.

Omnivory is extremely common in animals, yet theory predicts that when given a choice of resources specialization should be favored over being generalist. The evolution of a feeding phenotype involves complex interactions with many factors other than resource choice alone, including environmental heterogeneity, resource quality, availability, and interactions with other organisms. We applied an evolutionary simulation model to examine how ecological conditions shape evolution of feeding phenotypes (e.

Maternal and environmental influences on egg size and juvenile life-history traits in Pacific salmon.

Life-history traits such as fecundity and offspring size are shaped by investment trade-offs faced by mothers and mediated by environmental conditions. We use a 21-year time series for three populations of wild sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) to test predictions for such trade-offs and responses to conditions faced by females during migration, and offspring during incubation. In years when their 1100 km upstream migration was challenged by high water discharges, females that reached spawning streams had invested less in gonads by producing smaller but not fewer eggs.

Patients' views: improving care for people with fibromyalgia.

Aim: The purpose of this research is to provide healthcare professionals with patients' views on improving care for people with fibromyalgia.

Background: Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome that often challenges patients and healthcare professionals. Current literature suggests that the people with fibromyalgia are disempowered by their interactions with physicians.

Ecological divergence promotes the evolution of cryptic reproductive isolation.

Speciation can involve the evolution of 'cryptic' reproductive isolation that occurs after copulation but before hybrid offspring are produced. Because such cryptic barriers to gene exchange involve post-mating sexual interactions, analyses of their evolution have focused on sexual conflict or traditional sexual selection. Here, we show that ecological divergence between populations of herbivorous walking sticks is integral to the evolution of cryptic reproductive isolation.