Role of Infection and Leukocytes in Male Infertility.

Male infertility is considered as a multifactorial complex reproductive illness, and male urogenital infection and inflammation are crucial etiologies contributing up to 35% of all cases. Mostly triggered by sexually transmitted diseases and uropathogens, chronic manifestation of such infection may cause irreversible infertility in the male. Male urogenital infection involves bacterial, viral, protozoal, and fungal infections many of which remain asymptomatic most of the time and are passed to the sexual partner leading to fertilization failure, pregnancy loss, and even development of illness in the offspring.

Garcinia morella extract confers dopaminergic neuroprotection by mitigating mitochondrial dysfunctions and inflammation in mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Dopaminergic neuroprotection is the main interest in designing novel therapeutics against Parkinson's disease (PD). In the process of dopaminergic degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunctions and inflammation are significant. While the existing drugs provide symptomatic relief against PD, a therapy conferring total neuroprotection by targeting multiple degenerative pathways is still lacking.

Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Nutra-pharmaceutical Potentials of Indian Arrowroot ( Roxb).

Indian Arrowroot (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb) belonging to the Zingiberaceae family is widely distributed in India and some parts of Nepal, Thailand, Bangladesh and Pakistan. It is traditionally used as medicine for treating various diseases and also used as food. Few data are available about its application in pharmacology and therapeutics.

The chimera of S1 and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2: can it be a potential vaccine candidate for COVID-19?

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emerged as one of the biggest global health issues. Spike protein (S) and nucleoprotein (N), the major immunogenic components of SARS-CoV-2, have been shown to be involved in the attachment and replication of the virus inside the host cell.

Areas Covered: Several investigations have shown that the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein can elicit a cell-mediated immune response capable of regulating viral replication and lowering viral burden.

Androgens and COVID-19.

Background: The humans have been disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The novel coronavirus or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread across the globe. Androgens have been suggested to have a role in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Erythrodermic dermatophytosis: an alarming consequence of steroid abuse and misuse. A multicentre prospective study from India.

Erythroderma is usually attributed to some of the commoner causes such as eczematous disorders, psoriasis, malignancies, idiopathic situations and drug-induced scenarios. Rarely, erythroderma has been found to result from dermatophytic infections. Erythrodermic dermatophytosis may be a direct sequel of extensive tinea corporis (with or without a background of topical steroid misuse), paraneoplastic phenomenon, an id reaction or congenital erythrodermic disorders, with subsequent development of dermatophytosis.

Clinical Characteristics and Metabolic Profiles of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Lean Patients and Their Comparison with Obese and Overweight NAFLD.

Unlabelled: Non -alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease throughout the world. The spectrum of NAFLD includes a non-serious condition called fatty liver, a more serious condition named non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which may lead to severe liver scarring and cirrhosis. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are established risk factors for NAFLD.

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and its Correlation with Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) Score in Prediciting Severity of Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis.

Unlabelled: Cirrhosis is currently the 11th leading cause of death, accounting for 1.16 million deaths. Cirrhosis of the liver is usually understood to be an end-stage process in which healthy normal liver tissue is replaced by aberrant connective tissue, resulting in nodule formation.

Effect of Vaccination on Markers of Severity among Elderly Covid-19 Patients-A Retrospective Comparative Analysis.

Unlabelled: Since December 2019, an emerging coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has been spreading worldwide. Older people and those with comorbidities are more likely to develop severe illness. Vaccines against coronavirus have been developed recently.

Evaluation of Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Marker in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients-A Prospective Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Stroke is one of the major health problems with major disability and loss of daily life. Serum ferritin damages the ischemic part of the brain by production of free radicals. The generation of free radical hydroxyl is catalyzed by iron released from the intracellular stores like ferritin during ischemia.

Association between Serum Lipid Profile and Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Heart Failure.

Unlabelled: Renal dysfunction often accompanies heart failure which leads to an increase in hospitalization and mortality. The pathophysiological features have demonstrated that heart failure may cause reduction in cardiac output and decrease in renal perfusion, which leads to development of chronic renal disease. Thus, more attention should be paid to the associated risk factors with the aim to reduce the prevalence, hospitalization and mortality.

Serum Magnesium Levels and its Association with Glycated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Unlabelled: Diabetes mellitus is a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycaemia. Like most other chronic disorders, diabetes increases the excretion of minerals and other nutrients. Magnesium is a micronutrient and the second most abundant intracellular cation whose concentration remains remarkably constant in healthy subjects.

Pharmacology and Ethnomedicinal Potential of Selected Plants Species from (Umbelliferae).

Background: The Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is one of the largest families in terms of species representation in the plant kingdom. It is also a prominent family in the field of phytochemicals and pharmacology. The family is also quite prominent in the production of spices and condiments and food supplements in nutrition, aside from the potential of species in the family to induce apoptotic, antimicrobial, antitumor, and hepatoprotective activities.

Mechanistic role of HPV-associated early proteins in cervical cancer: Molecular pathways and targeted therapeutic strategies.

Purpose: Cervical cancer (CC), one of the major causes of death of women throughout the world is primarily caused due to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16 and 18. The early region (E) oncoproteins of HPV are associated with the etiopathogenesis and contribute to the progression of cancer. The present article comprehensively discussed the structural organization and biological functions of all E proteins of HPV and their contribution to progression of CC with an intent to decipher the pathological hallmarks and their relationship.

Histopathological Changes in Oral Tissues Induced by Pesticide Poisoning: A Pilot Study.

Objective: The present study evaluated the histopathological changes in oral tissues induced by pesticide poisoning.

Patients And Methods: This was a cross-sectional pilot study. The sample consisted of oral tissues obtained from deceased patients during autopsy.

Septic Arthritis in Pediatric Hemophilia A: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Hemophilia A is a hereditary bleeding disorder due to coagulation factor VIII deficiency. Septic arthritis is in itself a dreaded infective condition of the joint. It is much more common in hemophilia patients than the general population and is associated with considerably higher morbidity.

COVID-19, Oxidative Stress and Male Reproduction: Possible Role of Antioxidants.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) involves a complex pathogenesis and with the evolving novel variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the long-term impacts of the unceasing COVID-19 pandemic are mostly uncertain. Evidence indicates deleterious impact of this disease upon male reproductive health. It is concerning that COVID-19 may contribute to the already global declining trend of male fertility.

An Anatomical Study on the Measurement of Stature From Ulnar Length in the Adult Ethnic Khasi Tribal Population of the North Eastern Region of India.

Introduction The stature of an individual is an important parameter for establishing identification. The height of an individual can be indirectly estimated from different parts of the skeleton and such measurements are of great use in forensic science, anatomy, and anthropometry. This study was an attempt to formulate a linear regression equation for estimation of stature by measuring the ulnar length in the living adult Khasi population.

Formulation and characterization of fast-disintegrating herbal extract sublingual immunotherapy tablet for peanut-induced allergic asthma.

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) involves the regimen of gradually incrementing doses of the allergen, thereby inducing desensitization and tolerance. Sublingual Immunotherapy tablets (SLIT-tablets) have been formulated for several allergies and had manifested efficacy for allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. SLIT promises an alternative method to other routes of AIT enabling patients to self-administer AIT.

Prevalence of psychotic symptoms and their impact on course and outcome of patients with bipolar disorder: Findings from the Bipolar Disorder Course and Outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study).

Aim: Most of the available data on the prevalence and impact of psychotic symptoms on the course of bipolar disorder (BD) is from Western countries. We aimed to study the prevalence of at least one psychotic episode in the lifetime in patients with BD and its association with the long-term course and outcome.

Methodology: 773 patients recruited as part of the Bipolar Disorder Course and Outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study) were divided into 2 groups, based on the presence or absence of at least one psychotic episode in the lifetime.

Evaluation of anterior approach in failed closed reduction and delayed presentation of supracondylar humerus fractures in children.

Background: The treatment of displaced paediatric supracondylar fracture is a challenging problem and requires strict vigilance and a proper management protocol. Prospective investigation of the treatment options for fractures that cannot be reduced by closed reduction is recommended in literature. Operative treatment is indicated for the fractures that cannot be reduced satisfactorily by closed methods.

Re-establishing the comprehension of phytomedicine and nanomedicine in inflammation-mediated cancer signaling.

Recent mounting evidence has revealed extensive genetic heterogeneity within tumors that drive phenotypic variation affecting key cancer pathways, making cancer treatment extremely challenging. Diverse cancer types display resistance to treatment and show patterns of relapse following therapy. Therefore, efforts are required to address tumor heterogeneity by developing a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach that combines targeted therapies.

Biological databases and tools for neurological disorders.

Computational approach to study of neuronal impairment is rapidly evolving, as experiments and intuition alone could not explain the complexity of brain system. The increase in an overwhelming amount of new data from both theory and computational modeling necessitate the development of databases and tools for analysis, visualization, and interpretation of neuroscience data. To ensure the sustainability of this development, consistent update and training of young professionals are imperative.

Efficacy and Toxicity of Classical Immunosuppressants, Retinoids and Biologics in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the apocrine glands characterized by recurrent episodes. Although several therapies exist, none is completely curative. Several immunosuppressives have been studied with encouraging results and targeted approaches.

Fast and Robust Exudate Detection in Retinal Fundus Images Using Extreme Learning Machine Autoencoders and Modified KAZE Features.

Diabetic retinopathy(DR) is a health condition that affects the retinal blood vessels(BV) and arises in over half of people living with diabetes. Exudates(EX) are significant indications of DR. Early detection and treatment can prevent vision loss in many cases.