Measurement invariance of the PROMIS emotional distress and subjective well-being domains among autistic and General Population adolescents.

Purpose: Quality of life (QoL) is identified as a clinical and research priority by the autistic community. Researchers have the responsibility to ensure that instruments used to measure QoL do so reliably and accurately among autistic participants.

Methods: Our study evaluated measurement invariance of Emotional Distress (Depression, Anxiety, Anger, Psychological Stress) and Subjective Well-Being (Life Satisfaction, Positive Affect, and Meaning & Purpose) scales of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) among groups of autistic (N=140, n per scale=132-140) and general population (N=1,224, n per scale=406-411) teenagers (14-17 years).

Substance Use Disorder and Violence Among People with Severe Mental Illness in the United States.

In studying substance use disorder (SUD) and violence in severe mental illness (SMI), researchers account for presence of SUD or addictions to specific substances. However these studies fail to comprehensively capture solitary drug use versus specific combinations in a single exhaustive variable with more nuance (e.g.

Providers' experiences collaborating with child welfare workers: The good, the bad, and the impacts.

Background: Successful interprofessional collaborations have been identified as a potential solution to mitigate problems associated with negative outcomes for clients involved with the child welfare system. The barriers to collaborative relationships need to be better understood and effectively addressed.

Objective: To understand the characteristics, barriers, and facilitators of collaborations between different types of providers and child welfare workers, as well as their impacts.

Protective role of informal social support and early childhood programs in reducing likelihood of subsequent reports of child maltreatment.

Background: While past research has suggested the importance of informal social support and early childhood programs for the well-being of child welfare supervised families and children, little is known about whether or not these mechanisms function as protective factors for child welfare involved families and mediate the likelihood of repeat child maltreatment.

Objective: The study examined the role of informal social support and early childhood program participation in mediating the effects of initial report of child neglect on subsequent child maltreatment reports.

Participants & Setting: The study sample of children ages 0-6 (N = 1963) was drawn from the NSCAW-II dataset, a nationally representative longitudinal dataset of 5872 child welfare supervised children and their families.

Improving care for veterans' environmental exposure concerns: applications of the consolidated framework for implementation research in program evaluation.

Background: Healthcare systems, like the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), need policies and procedures for delivering care to special populations including those with environmental exposure concerns. Despite being common and pervasive, especially among Veterans, environmental exposures are largely overlooked by healthcare providers. To successfully implement care for Veterans with military environmental exposure concerns, an understanding of contextual factors impeding care on the provider (e.

Teaching Note-Supporting Homebound Older Adults and Caregivers Through Integrative Service Learning.

The ) partnership trains undergraduate social work students to provide practical home-based support for older adults with chronic illness and their family caregivers, serving as a pipeline for future leaders in older adult care. More than 2 million older adults are homebound, and 5 million need help leaving their homes due to physical limitations from chronic conditions or cognitive impairments. Family members often assume daily caregiving tasks to assist their loved ones, navigate health care systems, and provide much needed emotional support.

Substance use typologies among young people experiencing homelessness in seven cities across the United States: A latent class analysis.

Background: Substance use and other health-risk risk factors, including mental health, trauma, and sexual-risk behaviors, often co-occur among youth experiencing homelessness (YEH). The present study aimed to identify subgroups of YEH based on polysubstance use and the linkages to sociodemographic and health-risk characteristics.

Methods: From June 2016 to July 2017, 1,426 YEH (aged 18-26 years) were recruited from seven cities (Houston, Los Angeles, Denver, Phoenix, New York City, St.

An Examination of the 4 Rs 2 Ss for Problem Behaviors: A Preventive Approach.

Early treatment of behavioral problems can prevent their progression into intractable disorders. This study examined the impact of a multiple family group (MFG) intervention for children with behavior symptoms and their families. Fifty-four ( = 54) caregiver/child dyads with sub-clinical levels of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) participated in a 16-week MFG.

Institutional Courage in Healthcare: An Improvement Project Exploring the Perspectives of Veterans Exposed to Airborne Hazards.

Background: Military environmental exposures and care for subsequent health concerns have been associated with institutional betrayal, or a perception on the part of veterans that the US government has failed to adequately prevent, acknowledge, and treat these conditions and in doing so has betrayed its promise to veterans. Institutional courage is a term developed to describe organizations that proactively protect and care for their members. While institutional courage may be useful in mitigating institutional betrayal, there is a lack of definitions of institutional courage in healthcare from the patient perspective.

Exploring the acceptability of behavioral interventions for veterans with persistent "medically unexplained" physical symptoms.

Objective: This study evaluated the factors that led to enrollment in, and satisfaction with, behavioral interventions for Veterans living with Gulf War Illness (GWI).

Methods: One-on-one interviews were conducted pre- and post-intervention with participants randomized to receive either telephone delivered problem-solving treatment (n = 51) or health education (N = 49). A total of 99 Veterans were interviewed pre-intervention and 60 post-intervention.

Neural circuitry involved in conditioned inhibition via safety signal learning is sensitive to trauma exposure.

Exposure to trauma throughout the lifespan is prevalent and increases the likelihood for the development of mental health conditions such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Safety signal learning (SSL)--a form of conditioned inhibition that involves reducing fear via conditioned safety--has been shown to effectively attenuate fear responses among individuals with trauma exposure, but the association between trauma exposure and the neural mechanisms of SSL remains unknown. Adults with varied prior exposure to trauma completed a conditioned inhibition task during functional MRI scanning and collection of skin conductance response (SCR).

Absorptive capacity in child welfare: A qualitative study with child welfare staff eliciting key factors for evidence-based practice adoption.

Child Welfare (CW) provides an array of services to meet the needs of families, requiring agencies to be malleable in their ability to absorb new practices. Absorptive capacity (ACAP) refers to the routines and processes in which an organization acquires, assimilates, and applies new knowledge. ACAP has yet to be the focus of implementation research in CW settings.

Cognitive Functioning and Nail Salon Occupational Exposure among Vietnamese Immigrant Women in Northern California.

Introduction: Vietnamese nail salon technicians are continuously exposed to neurotoxins linked to cognitive impairments and Alzheimer’s disease. This study examined the association of occupational exposure with cognitive function and depressive symptoms among Vietnamese nail salon technicians. Methods: The sample included 155 current or former Vietnamese female nail technicians and 145 control group participants.

Examining sources of Social Support and Depression Prevention Among Pregnant Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Outcomes of a Seven-City Study.

Young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) with pregnancy history are at higher depression risk. Receiving social support is protective for depression in pregnancy. This study differentiates social support sources associated with depression by pregnancy history among YAEH.

Linking critical consciousness and health: The utility of the critical reflection about social determinants of health scale (CR_SDH).

Introduction: Critical consciousness (CC) theory has been proposed as a framework to inform health interventions targeting a wide variety of health conditions. Unfortunately, methodological limitations have made it difficult to test CC as a mediator of health outcomes. Specifically, standardized and widely accepted measures of health-related CC are needed.

Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress and Sexual Concerns: The Intermediary Effects of Executive Functioning on Profiles of Youth Who Have Sexually Harmed.

There are demonstrated links in the general population between developmental adversity, associated trauma symptoms, and executive functioning difficulties in children and youth. However, research on links among these indicators and their relationship to antisocial behavior more broadly in samples of youth who have sexually harmed is only beginning to emerge. Some research indicates that intermediary factors like sexual concerns may be critical in understanding this population.

A mixed-methods study to understand the impact of practitioner and organizational factors on fidelity of a child maltreatment prevention intervention in community-based settings.

Unlabelled: It has been well-documented that the degree to which interventions are implemented with fidelity in typical service settings has varied. Frequently, interventions are developed and tested in highly controlled or early adopter settings. Less attention has been given to what implementation looks like in usual care, and which factors promote practitioners' ability to implement with fidelity.

Residual alcohol use disorder symptoms after treatment predict long-term drinking outcomes in seniors with DSM-5 alcohol use disorder.

Background: Risk of relapse within the first months after alcohol use disorder (AUD) interventions is substantial among older adults. For this vulnerable group, little information exists on how this risk is associated with residual DSM-5 AUD symptoms after treatment.

Aims: To investigate among older adults who received short-term treatment for DSM-5 AUD (1) the prediction of drinking behaviors and quality of life 12 months after treatment initiation by 6-month DSM-5 AUD symptoms, AUD severity, and AUD remission, and (2) whether these DSM-5 AUD indicators provide prognostic information beyond that gained from 6-month alcohol use (AU) status.

Association between overcrowded households, multigenerational households, and COVID-19: a cohort study.

Objectives: The role of overcrowded and multigenerational households as a risk factor for COVID-19 remains unmeasured. The objective of this study is to examine and quantify the association between overcrowded and multigenerational households and COVID-19 in New York City (NYC).

Study Design: Cohort study.

From Sculpting an Intervention to Healing in Action.

Blacks/African Americans have the most severe and disproportionate burden of HIV of all racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Oppression (i.e.

The Prognostic Role of DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder Severity and Age of Onset in Treatment Outcome Among Adults Aged 60.

Aims: To investigate among older adults with DSM-5 alcohol use disorder (AUD) the relevance of (1) baseline DSM-5 AUD severity, (2) age of DSM-5 AUD onset, and (3) the interactions of DSM-5 AUD severity*treatment condition and age of DSM-5 AUD onset*treatment condition for the prediction of AUD treatment outcomes.

Methods: The international multicenter RCT "ELDERLY-Study" compared outpatient motivational enhancement therapy (4 sessions) with outpatient motivational enhancement therapy followed by community reinforcement approach for seniors (8 sessions) in adults aged 60+ with DSM-5 AUD. Baseline and 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up data from the German and Danish ELDERLY-sites (n = 544) were used (6-month participation rate: 75.

"Because the country, it seems though, has turned their back on me": Experiences of institutional betrayal among veterans living with Gulf War Illness.

People living with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) often have poor quality of life and health outcomes. Many struggle to engage with and trust in healthcare systems. This qualitative study examined how experiences with institutions influence perceptions of medical care for MUS by applying the theoretical framework of institutional betrayal to narratives of U.

Distinct health-related risk profiles among middle-aged and older adults with risky alcohol use from the Danish general population.

Background: Knowledge is lacking on distinct health-related risk profiles among the substantial group of middle-aged and older adults with risky alcohol use (AU). Such profiles could inform the planning of interventions and prevention.

Aims: To 1) identify distinct health-related profiles based on different types of health-related functioning limitations and distress and 2) assess associations between these profiles and age, sex, and health-relevant behaviors (e.

The longitudinal effects of maltreatment class membership on post-traumatic stress & depression.

Background: While the link between maltreatment and mental illness has been largely established, there is a need to better understand how certain types or profiles of maltreatment place youth at heightened risk for depression and traumatic stress, and when the risk of developing symptoms may be greatest.

Objective: We examined the extent to which youth experiences of maltreatment co-occur and how certain combinations of maltreatment work to influence the subsequent development of depression and post-traumatic stress over time.

Participants & Setting: Data were drawn from NSCAW-II, a nationally representative longitudinal sample of 5872 child welfare involved youth, aged 0-18.

Financing Early Psychosis Intervention Programs: Provider Organization Perspectives.

Objective: The authors aimed to identify prominent financing approaches for coordinated specialty care (CSC) of patients with first-episode psychosis, alignment or misalignment of such approaches with sustained CSC implementation, and CSC provider perspectives on ideal payment models.

Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with informants from CSC provider organizations. Purposeful sampling of CSC program directors, team leaders, and other administrators from a national e-mail Listserv was supplemented by snowball sampling via participant recommendations.