Trafficking in the child and adolescent: Application of SAFETY and CARE for a global crisis of exploitation.

Human trafficking in the child and adolescent is a global public health crisis that can be divided into sex trafficking, labor trafficking and organ trafficking. This discussion considers basic terminology in this area, sociodemographic information on these victims, negative effects or repercussions from such egregious actions forced on the victims, issues of screening for healthcare providers based on specific risk factors/indicators, and information regarding screening tools as well as management principles for healthcare professionals. These trafficked persons are seen in varied practice settings such as primary care offices, emergency departments, street medicine operations, and others.

Effect of educational interventions addressing blood groups and donation aspects on the knowledge and attitude of allied health sciences students.

Objective: To determine the effect of educational interventions on knowledge and approach of Allied Health Sciences Students regarding blood groups and blood donation.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Child Health Sciences, The Children's Hospital, Lahore from October 2022-January 2023. A self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the baseline knowledge of students followed by educational interventions in the form of small group discussions, video lectures and practical demonstrations.

Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common neonatal sepsis pathogens in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a major healthcare burden in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with a prevalence higher than the global average. Microbial drug resistance has major implications for mortality and morbidity from NS.

Objective: To synthesize data regarding the patterns of causative bacteria of NS in the GCC and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles.

Management of patent ductus arteriosus - Evidence to practice.

Over the past last 50 years, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) continues to be the leading hot topic debated worldwide in search of best treatment approach and the uncertainty around whether to treat or not treat a PDA. With the availability of bedside echocardiography and the increasing number of neonatologists acquiring this skill, on one hand there is better understanding of PDA physiology during transitional circulation and objectivity in management, but on the other hand clinicians are uncertain about benefits in health outcomes. Evidence from recent trials utilizing early selective treatment guided by bedside echocardiography should help in dispelling some myths if not providing the answer about how to manage the PDA.

Immunoglobulin-coating patterns reveal altered humoral responses to gut bacteria in pediatric cow milk allergies.

Background: Pediatric cow milk allergies (CMA) can occur in immunoglobulin (Ig) E and non-IgE-mediated forms. Unlike IgE-mediated allergies, the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in non-IgE-mediated food allergy and an association with microbiome has not been well established. Previous studies have identified the presence of altered humoral responses to gut bacteria in IgE mediated allergies.

Clinicopathological Analysis of a European Cohort of MYOD1 Mutant Rhabdomyosarcomas in Children and Young Adults.

Background: Patients with PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcomas (fnRMS) harbouring the rare L122R MYOD1 mutation have significantly poorer prognosis than other fnRMS. We undertook a detailed clinicopathological evaluation of a cohort of patients with MYOD1 mutated fnRMS in order to improve risk stratification and treatment options.

Procedure: Histological, mutational and clinical data from a cohort of patients with MYOD1 mutant RMS treated in Europe were analysed.

Central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex: A single centre experience in Qatar.

Objectives: To review the clinical and radiological correlation of the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).

Methods: All patients under the age of 18 years with TSC seen at the Department of Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar, between January 2003 and February 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Severity of epilepsy was determined using the early childhood epilepsy severity score (E-CHESS) tool.

The genetics of fruit skin separation in date palm.

The physical appearance of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit (dates) is important for its market value. Many date-producing countries experience significant financial losses due to the poor appearance of the fruit, skin separation or puffiness being a major reason. Previous research showed evidence linking the skin separation phenotype to environmental conditions.

Improving patient safety and access to healthcare: The role of pharmacist-managed clinics in optimizing therapeutic outcomes.

Contemporary patient care requires a multidisciplinary approach to monitoring, assessing, and managing diseases. Promoting multidisciplinary approaches encourages the purposeful participation of many healthcare professionals and harnessing their combined knowledge to provide tailored treatment plans. Pharmacists, skilled and knowledgeable professionals in medication management, drug-related problems, and disease prevention, can offer vital interventions that contribute to improved patient outcomes.

Whole-exome profiles of inflammatory breast cancer and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) became a standard treatment strategy for patients with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) because of high disease aggressiveness. However, given the heterogeneity of IBC, no molecular feature reliably predicts the response to chemotherapy. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of clinical tumor samples provides an opportunity to identify genomic alterations associated with chemosensitivity.

Examining Drinking Water Preferences among University Students: A Comparative Assessment.

In recent years, there has been a clear increase in bottled water consumption globally, which has led to significant health and environmental concerns. This cross-sectional study aims to understand the attitude and preferences of university students in Qatar towards the use of bottled and tap drinking water using an online survey questionnaire (September and October 2022). The number of students who responded to the online survey was 14% ( = 688) of the student population, with a mean age of 22.

CDX2-Suppressed Colorectal Cancers Possess Potentially Targetable Alterations in Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and Other Colorectal-Cancer-Associated Pathways.

Background: Colorectal cancer, a prevalent gastrointestinal carcinoma, has a high risk for recurrence when locally advanced and remains lethal when in an advanced stage. Prognostic biomarkers may help in better delineating the aggressiveness of this disease in individual patients and help to tailor appropriate therapies. CDX2, a transcription factor of gastrointestinal differentiation, has been proposed as a biomarker for good outcomes and could also be a marker of specific sub-types amenable to targeted therapies.

Periodic Paralysis: A Case Series with a Literature Review.

Introduction: Periodic paralysis is a condition that causes recurrent episodes of flaccid paralysis, and it can be primary or secondary. Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is the most common type of primary periodic paralysis, and it is inherited through autosomal dominant gene transmission. Males are affected three times more often than females, and the paralysis attacks usually occur at night after a period of vigorous exercise.

Corneal nerve loss in adolescents with obesity and acanthosis nigricans.

Background/aim: Obesity and related metabolic abnormalities in adults are associated with peripheral neuropathy. Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is associated with insulin resistance, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia and glucose intolerance, all of which are risk factors for neuropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate if obese adolescents with AN have evidence of small nerve fiber damage.

Etiology of septic arthritis in children of Qatar.

Objective: Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency and if not evaluated and treated appropriately, it can lead to poor clinical outcomes. Previously several studies have been performed to identify the etiology of septic arthritis in the pediatric population in developed countries. The main objective of our study was to identify the etiology of septic arthritis in children in Qatar in previously healthy and fully vaccinated children.