Mirvetuximab Soravtansine in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mirvetuximab Soravtansine (MIRV) is a promising antibody‒drug conjugate (ADC) that targets folate receptor alpha (FRα), which is overexpressed in several types of solid tumors. In November 2022, MIRV was approved in the USA for the treatment of adult patients with FRα-positive, platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer who received 1-3 prior systemic treatment regimens. Therefore, high-quality evidence for its efficacy and safety in different cancers is urgently needed.

Large Language Models in Worldwide Medical Exams: Platform Development and Comprehensive Analysis.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into medical education, with transformative potential for learning and assessment. However, their performance across diverse medical exams globally has remained underexplored.

Objective: This study aims to introduce MedExamLLM, a comprehensive platform designed to systematically evaluate the performance of LLMs on medical exams worldwide.

Standard: Human gastric cancer organoids.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies with poor prognosis. The use of organoids to simulate gastric cancer has rapidly developed over the past several years. Patient-derived gastric cancer organoids serve as in vitro models that closely mimics donor characteristics, offering new opportunities for both basic and applied research.

Oral microbiota as a biomarker for predicting the risk of malignancy in indeterminate pulmonary nodules: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Determining the benign or malignant status of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN) with intermediate malignancy risk is a significant clinical challenge. Oral microbiota-lung cancer interactions have qualified oral microbiota as a promising non-invasive predictive biomarker in IPN.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively collected saliva, throat swabs, and tongue coating samples from 1040 IPN patients and 70 healthy controls across three hospitals.

Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model to Predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Noncardiac Surgery in Geriatric Patients: a Prospective Study.

Background: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within 30 days following noncardiac surgery are prognostically relevant. Accurate prediction of risk and modifiable risk factors for postoperative MACEs is critical for surgical planning and patient outcomes. We aimed to develop and validate an accurate and easy-to-use machine learning model for predicting postoperative MACEs in geriatric patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Robotic vs. laparoscopic gastrectomy for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and propensity-score-matched studies.

Background: The role of robotic surgery for the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the short-term outcomes between robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer using data collected from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity score-matched (PSM) studies.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases for RCTs and PSM studies comparing RG and LG.

Control of Postharvest Green Mold in Citrus by the Antimicrobial Peptide BP15 and Its Lipopeptides.

This study examined the efficacy and mechanisms of action of the antimicrobial peptide BP15 and its lipopeptides, HBP15 and LBP15, against , the primary causative agent of green mold in citrus fruits. The findings revealed that all three antimicrobial peptides markedly inhibited the spore germination and mycelial growth of , with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 3.12 μM for BP15, HBP15, and LBP15.

Bioactive Deep Eutectic Solvent-Involved Sprayable Versatile Hydrogel for Monkeypox Virus Lesions Treatment.

To address the issues of infectious virus, bacterial secondary infections, skin pigmentation, and scarring caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), a sprayable hydrogel with versatile functions was developed with comprehensive properties. Based on current research, the bioactive deep eutectic solvent (DES) of rosmarinic acid-proanthocyanidin-glycol (RPG) was designed and synthesized as active agent, and molecular docking was applied to discover its binding to MPXV proteins through H-bonds and van der Waals interactions, and the docking results show the binding energies between RA, PC, Gly and MPXV proteins are -58.7188, -50.

Enhanced Antibody Response to the Conformational Non-RBD Region DNA Prime-Protein Boost Elicits Broad Cross-Neutralization Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Preventing immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants is crucial in vaccine development to ensure broad protection against the virus. Conformational epitopes beyond the RBD region are vital components of the spike protein but have received limited attention in the development of broadly protective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. In this study, we used a DNA prime-protein boost regimen to evaluate the broad cross-neutralization potential of immune response targeting conformational non-RBD region against SARS-CoV-2 viruses in mice.

Research Review: Shared and distinct structural and functional brain alterations in adolescents with major depressive disorder' - a multimodal meta-analysis.

Background: Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structural and functional alterations in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the results are inconsistent, and whether patients exhibit spatially convergent structural and functional brain abnormalities remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted voxel-wise meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional studies, respectively, to identify regional gray matter volume (GMV) and brain activity alterations in adolescent MDD patients. Multimodal analysis was performed to examine the overlap of regional GMV and brain activity alterations.

Upgrading the Bioinspired Iron-Polyporphyrin Structures by Abiological Metals Toward New-Generation Reactive Oxygen Biocatalysts.

Developing artificial enzymes based on organic molecules or polymers for reactive oxygen biocatalysis has broad applicability. Here, inspired by heme-based enzyme systems, we construct the abiological iron group metal-based polyporphyrin (Ru/Os-coordinated porphyrin-based biocatalyst, Ru/Os-PorBC) to serve as a new generation of efficient and versatile reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related biocatalyst. Due to the structural benefits, including excellent electron configuration, appropriate bandgap, and optimized adsorption and activation of reaction intermediates, Ru/Os-PorBC shows unparalleled ROS-production activities regarding maximum reaction rate and turnover numbers, which also demonstrates superior pH and temperature adaptability compared to natural enzymes.

Genetic improvement of low-lignin poplars: a new strategy based on molecular recognition, chemical reactions and empirical breeding.

As an important source of pollution in the papermaking process, the presence of lignin in poplar can seriously affect the quality and process of pulping. During lignin synthesis, Caffeoyl-CoA-O methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), as a specialized catalytic transferase, can effectively regulate the methylation of caffeoyl-coenzyme A (CCoA) to feruloyl-coenzyme A. Targeting CCoAOMT, this study investigated the substrate recognition mechanism and the possible reaction mechanism, the key residues of lignin binding were mutated and the lignin content was validated by deep convolutional neural-network model based on genome-wide prediction (DCNGP).

Case report: Brain infarction following percutaneous drainage of a liver abscess post-chemotherapy for pancreatic head cancer.

Bacterial liver abscesses commonly occur in patients with immune deficiencies such as diabetes, post-chemotherapy, or post-immunosuppressive therapy. The recommended treatment for liver abscesses exceeding 5 cm in a diameter is anti-infection therapy combined with percutaneous catheter drainage. Complications may include local spread to adjacent tissues or organs and thrombosis of the liver and portal veins.

Development and validation of interpretable machine learning models for postoperative pneumonia prediction.

Background: Postoperative pneumonia, a prevalent form of hospital-acquired pneumonia, poses significant risks to patients' prognosis and even their lives. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for postoperative pneumonia in surgical patients using nine machine learning methods.

Objective: Our study aims to develop and validate a predictive model for POP in surgical patients using nine machine learning algorithms.

Systemic treatment type is not associated with abnormal post-treatment noninvasive liver stiffness measurement in psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is commonly associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, raising concerns about the hepatic effects of systemic treatments on psoriasis and its comorbid conditions. This study evaluates liver stiffness measurement (LSM) alterations and identifies predictors of abnormal LSM in psoriatic patients following systemic treatments, including biologics and methotrexate.

Methods: This prospective cohort study is based on the PSOWCH database (Psoriasis Cohort of West China Hospital).

Development and Validation of the Self-Management Questionnaire for Patients with Lower Extremity Arterial Disease Who Underwent Endovascular Revascularization.

Introduction: To develop and psychometrically validate the Self-management Questionnaire for Patients with Lower Extremity Arterial Disease Patients Who Underwent Endovascular Revascularization (LESQ).

Methods: We developed the LESQ and validated it in a Chinese population. A three-round cross-sectional descriptive survey in six hospitals in China, involving samples of 271, 269, and 623 participants, respectively.

Successive Reactions of Trimethylgermanium Chloride to Achieve > 26% Efficiency MA-Free Perovskite Solar Cell With 3000-Hour Unattenuated Operation.

The rapidly increased efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) indicates their broad commercial prospects, but the commercialization of perovskite faces complex optimization processes and stability issues. In this work, a simple optimized strategy is developed by the addition of trimethylgermanium chloride (TGC) into FACsPbI precursor solution. TGC triggers the successive interactions in perovskite solution and film, involving the hydrolysis of vulnerable Ge─Cl bond forming Ge─OH group, then forming the hydrogen bonds (O─H···N and O─H···I) with FAI.

Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3: A Potential Marker of Endometriosis.

Background: Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 () is lowly expressed in ectopic endometrium and can be degraded by ubiquitination in vascular endothelial cells. Murine double minute 2 () is predicted to be the ubiquitin ligase of . Hence, we investigated the effects of and on endometriosis and clarified corresponding regulatory mechanisms.

Treatment of Type IV Fragility Fractures of Pelvis With Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Triangular Fixation.

Objective: Type IV fragility fractures of pelvis (FFP IV) are serious and complicated and the treatment is challengeable. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive triangular fixation (RoboTFX) is a new and advanced technique to treat this injury. The objective of this report is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of FFP IV treated with RoboTFX.

Association between body temperature and all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Abnormal body temperature (fever or hypothermia) is a critical symptom in sepsis and is strongly associated with clinical prognosis and disease progression. Given the duality and variability of body temperature fluctuations throughout the disease course, further research is essential to refine clinical strategies for temperature management in sepsis patients.

Methods: We extracted clinical data of sepsis patients from the MIMIC-IV database.

Safety of perioperative intravenous different doses of dexamethasone in primary total joint arthroplasty: a retrospective large-scale cohort study.

Purpose: Perioperative intravenous different doses of dexamethasone (DEX) can realize effective clinical outcomes in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, the effect of different DEX doses on readmission rates and postoperative complications remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent primary TJA between December 2012 and October 2020.

Efficacy and safety of Chinese tonic medicines for treating sepsis or septic shock: a protocol for a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Chinese tonic medicines (CTMs) in treating sepsis or septic shock. However, trials directly comparing the efficacy and safety of different CTMs for sepsis or septic shock are still lacking.

Current trends in sensitizing immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically transformed the treatment landscape for various malignancies, achieving notable clinical outcomes across a wide range of indications. Despite these advances, resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) remains a critical clinical challenge, characterized by variable response rates and non-durable benefits. However, growing research into the complex intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of tumors has advanced our understanding of the mechanisms behind ICI resistance, potentially improving treatment outcomes.

Association between social engagement decline and cognitive function changes: mediating effect of depressive symptoms.

Background: Cognitive decline is a significant public health problem worldwide, but little is known about social engagement's impact on cognitive changes over time. This study aimed to explore the relationship between social engagement decline and cognitive function change in Chinese adults, and to analyze the effect of changes in depressive symptoms on this relationship.

Methods: Participants were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.