Preparation and assessment of an optimized multichannel acellular nerve allograft for peripheral nerve regeneration.

Peripheral nerve regeneration after injury is still a clinical problem. The application of autologous nerve grafting, the gold standard treatment, is greatly restricted. Acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) are considered promising alternatives, but they are difficult to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes, which may be attributed to their compact inherent ultrastructure and substantial loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) components.

Signaling pathways and intervention for therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents one of the fastest growing epidemic metabolic disorders worldwide and is a strong contributor for a broad range of comorbidities, including vascular, visual, neurological, kidney, and liver diseases. Moreover, recent data suggest a mutual interplay between T2DM and Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and pancreatic β cell dysfunction.

Frailty trajectory predicts subsequent cognitive decline: A 26-year population-based longitudinal cohort study.

Frailty refers to a decline in the physiological functioning of one or more organ systems. It remained unclear whether variations in the trajectory of frailty over time were associated with subsequent cognitive change. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between frailty trajectories and subsequent cognitive decline based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).

Nontargeted metabolomics analysis of follicular fluid in patients with endometriosis provides a new direction for the study of oocyte quality.

Endometriosis is a common, estrogen-dependent chronic gynecological disease that endangers the reproductive system and systemic metabolism of patients. We aimed to investigate the differences in metabolic profiles in the follicular fluid between infertile patients with endometriosis and controls. A total of 25 infertile patients with endometriosis and 25 infertile controls who were similar in age, BMI, fertilization method and ovulation induction treatment were recruited in this study.

Organoids: The current status and biomedical applications.

Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) miniaturized versions of organs or tissues that are derived from cells with stem potential and can self-organize and differentiate into 3D cell masses, recapitulating the morphology and functions of their in vivo counterparts. Organoid culture is an emerging 3D culture technology, and organoids derived from various organs and tissues, such as the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney, have been generated. Compared with traditional bidimensional culture, organoid culture systems have the unique advantage of conserving parental gene expression and mutation characteristics, as well as long-term maintenance of the function and biological characteristics of the parental cells in vitro.

Free-ranging livestock affected the spatiotemporal behavior of the endangered snow leopard ().

Long recognized as a threat to wildlife, particularly for large carnivores, livestock grazing in protected areas can potentially undermine conservation objectives. The interspecific interactions among livestock, snow leopards (), and their wild prey in fragile Asian highland ecosystems have been a subject of debate. We strategically deployed 164 camera traps in the Wolong National Nature Reserve to systematically investigate the activities of snow leopards, their primary wild ungulate prey species, and free-ranging livestock.

Revalidation and expanded description of (Mustelidae: Carnivora) based on a multigene phylogeny and morphology.

The lacked-teeth pygmy weasel, Wu & Kao, 1991, was originally described as being from Taibai Mountain and Zhashui county, Shaanxi, China. Subsequently, it was considered a subspecies or synonym of . In a faunal survey of northwestern Sichuan, eight specimens of were collected.

Genomic alterations in neuroendocrine prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a lethal subtype of prostate cancer. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of genomic alterations in NEPC and better understand its molecular features to potentially inform precision medicine.

Methods: EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for eligible studies until March 2022.

The rapid rise of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants with immune evasion properties: XBB.1.5 and BQ.1.1 subvariants.

As the fifth variant of concern of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the Omicron variant (B.1.1.

Engineering of bioactive nanocomplexes on dental floss for targeted gingival therapy.

Periodontitis induced by chronic subgingival infection is a ubiquitous disease that causes systemic inflammatory consequences and poses a negative impact on quality of life. The disease is treated and potentially prevented by patient's self-care aimed at eliminating the oral pathogens from the region. Currently available products for interdental self-care, including dental floss and interdental brush, have limited ability to prevent the disease.

Ultrasound-mediated delivery of flexibility-tunable polymer drug conjugates for treating glioblastoma.

Effective chemotherapy delivery for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is limited by drug transport across the blood-brain barrier and poor efficacy of single agents. Polymer-drug conjugates can be used to deliver drug combinations with a ratiometric dosing. However, the behaviors and effectiveness of this system have never been well investigated in GBM models.

Chinese adolescents' depression, anxiety, and family mutuality before and after COVID-19 lockdowns: Longitudinal cross-lagged relations.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal cross-lagged association between family mutuality, depression, and anxiety among Chinese adolescents before and after the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020.

Background: Limited attention has been paid to the longitudinal links between family mutuality, depression, and anxiety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: We used self-administered questionnaires to collect data from three high schools and two middle schools in Chengdu City at two time points: Time 1 (T1), December 23, 2019-January 13, 2020; Time 2 (T2), June 16-July 8, 2020.

YAP/Smad3 promotes pathological extracellular matrix microenviroment-induced bladder smooth muscle proliferation in bladder fibrosis progression.

Fibrosis is a chronic inflammation process with excess extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition that cannot be reversed. Patients suffer from bladder dysfunction caused by bladder fibrosis. Moreover, the interactive mechanisms between ECM and bladder fibrosis are still obscure.

Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic target of NETosis in diseases.

Evidence shows that neutrophils can protect the host against pathogens in multiple ways, including the formation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures composed of fibers, DNA, histones, and various neutrophil granule proteins. NETs can capture and kill pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

Comparing KTP and CO laser excision for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A systematic review.

Objective: The CO laser and 532 nm potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser have been applied to treat recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). This systematic review sought to compare outcome differences between these two methods.

Data Sources: Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library.

Single-level cervical disc arthroplasty in the spine with reversible kyphosis: A finite element study.

Background: Our previous studies found the single-level cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) might be a feasible treatment for the patients with reversible kyphosis (RK). Theoretically, the change of cervical alignment from lordosis to RK comes with the biomechanical alteration of prostheses and cervical spine. However, the biomechanical data of CDA in the spine with RK have not been reported.

Pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second-ranking malignancy in hematological tumors. The pathogenesis of MM is complex with high heterogeneity, and the development of the disease is a multistep process. Chromosomal translocations, aneuploidy, genetic mutations, and epigenetic aberrations are essential in disease initiation and progression.

Cyclodextrin and its derivatives as effective excipients for amorphous ulipristal acetate systems.

Many efforts have been devoted to screening new solid-state forms of poorly soluble drugs in the pharmaceutical industry, thus modulating the drug properties without changing the pharmacological nature. It is a wise strategy to prepare amorphous series with cyclodextrin (CD) and its derivatives as excipients to enhance the aqueous solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of water-insoluble drugs. In this study, four binary amorphous mixtures of ulipristal acetate (UPA) with CDs (β-CD, γ-CD, dimethyl-β-CD, hydroxypropyl-β-CD) were prepared by the co-milling method and characterized in the solid-state.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development.

New genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) constantly emerge through unmitigated spread of the virus in the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Omicron (B.1.

Research progress of the CXCR4 mechanism in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease with complex clinical manifestations and pathogeneses such as abnormal deposition of beta-amyloid protein and inflammation caused by the excessive activation of microglia. CXC motif chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is a type of G protein-coupled receptor that binds to CXC motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) to activate downstream signaling pathways, such as the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription and the renin-angiotensin system (Ras)/RAF proto-oncogene serine (Raf)/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-regulated protein kinase; most of these signaling pathways are involved in inflammatory responses. CXCR4 is highly expressed in the microglia and astrocytes; this might be one of the important causes of inflammation caused by microglia and astrocytes.

NF-κB signaling in inflammation and cancer.

Since nuclear factor of κ-light chain of enhancer-activated B cells (NF-κB) was discovered in 1986, extraordinary efforts have been made to understand the function and regulating mechanism of NF-κB for 35 years, which lead to significant progress. Meanwhile, the molecular mechanisms regulating NF-κB activation have also been illuminated, the cascades of signaling events leading to NF-κB activity and key components of the NF-κB pathway are also identified. It has been suggested NF-κB plays an important role in human diseases, especially inflammation-related diseases.

Animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathology.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Current variants including , , , , and increase the capacity of infection and transmission of SARS-CoV-2, which might disable the in-used therapies and vaccines. The COVID-19 has now put an enormous strain on health care system all over the world.