Emotional Influences on Remembering and Forgetting Explained by Frontal and Parietal Dynamics.

Based on item-method directed forgetting (DF) task, sixty participants were recruited to explore the influence of emotion (negative, neutral, and positive) on memory encoding processing. Behavioral results showed that participants were more successful at remembering negative pictures that needed to be forgotten, with both higher recognition rates and Pr values compared to neutral pictures. In the brain, parietal activities reflected preferential processing during negative picture viewing through enhanced late parietal positive potentials (LPP) relative to neutral ones.

A first-principles study of SOF and SOF adsorption onto PdSe-based monolayers: favorable sensitivity and selectivity by doping single Cu or Rh atom.

In this first-principles study, we simulate the adsorption of SOF and SOF molecules on the pristine, Cu- and Rh-doped PdSe monolayer, in order to explore their potentials as novel gas sensors for status evaluation of the SF-insulation devices. Single Cu or Rh atom is doped by the replacement of a Se atom within the PdSe surface, with the formation energy of 0.40 and -0.

A nomogram for the prediction of co-infection in MDA5 dermatomyositis: A rapid clinical assessment model.

Background: Patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5 DM) are prone to infections, but there is a lack of rapid methods to assess infection risk, which greatly affects patient prognosis. This study aims to analyze the clinical features of MDA5 DM patients systematically and develop a predictive model for infections.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 118 hospitalized patients with MDA5 DM.

Molecular and cellular morphology of placenta unveils new mechanisms of reproductive immunology.

Introduction: Despite of numerous studies of the placenta, some molecular and cellular characteristics, particularly the relationship among different cell types, have not been well understood. We aim to investigate the basic and intricate details of cellular and molecular elements in early and late phase placentas to gain better understanding of the immune regulation of human reproductive process.

Methods: A novel combination of techniques of spatial transcriptomics(ST), multiple immunohistochemistry, and a dual labeling combining immunohistochemistry and (fluorescence in situ hybridization) FISH on normal and ectopic pregnancy and animal models was employed to investigate the placenta at tissue, cell, protein and molecular levels and to trace the fetal and maternal origin of every cell in early and late placentas.

Benzene-induced hematotoxicity enhances the self-renewal ability of HSPCs in Mll-Af9 mice.

Patients with benzene-induced leukemia undergo a continuous transformation from myelosuppression to malignant proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms in this process remain unknown. Our previous studies have shown that the pathways involved in self-renewal capacity of bone marrow (BM) cells in Mll-Af9 mice exposed to benzene for life are significantly activated after severe blood toxicity.

Oleanolic acid inhibits appetite through the TGR5/cAMP signaling pathway.

Inhibition of appetite is an effective approach to fight obesity. Recently, bile acids have been reported to suppress appetite and alleviate obesity via the Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5). However, whether the downstream signaling molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) of TGR5 is involved in this process remains unclear.

Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) as a molecular target for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) resistance in chickens.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD), posing a significant threat to global poultry production. Current preventive strategies face limitations, emphasizing the need for alternative approaches such as breeding for disease resistance. This study identifies the matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) gene as a key factor in CRD resistance.

Comparative study on the anti-alcoholic liver disease efficiency of the ethanol- and water-soluble polysaccharides from Baijiu vinasses.

Ethanol- and water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from Baijiu vinasses (EP and WP), respectively. EP was dominantly composed by arabinose, glucose and xylose with molar ratio of 8.81: 76.

Potential of Glycyrrhiza in the prevention of colitis-associated colon cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Glycyrrhiza, a legume native to the Mediterranean region, has a long history of ethnomedicinal use in China. Due to its antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-ulcer, and hepatoprotective properties, Glycyrrhiza is widely utilized in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.

The Aim Of The Review: The specific mechanisms of the main active constituents of glycyrrhiza in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer at all stages of the colitis-associated colon cancer "Inflammation-Dysplasia-Cancer" sequence, as well as its pharmacokinetics, toxicology, formulation improvements, and application studies, are reviewed to provide new insights and perspectives on glycyrrhiza as a dietary supplement to treat and prevent colitis-associated colon cancer.

Molecular mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy mediating impaired energy metabolism leading to osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone metabolic disease caused by decreased bone mass leading to destruction of bone microstructure. Treatment of OP is characterized by a lifelong nature, causing extreme financial and psychological burdens to patients. Hormonal abnormalities, cellular autophagy, Ferroptosis, and oxidative stress are all part of the intricate and varied pathophysiology of OP.

Protective effect of ulinastatin against negative inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in acute aortic dissection surgery: The PANDA trial.

Ulinastatin is a protease-inhibiting drug with anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological properties. Little is known regarding its role following acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) surgery. We perform a randomized controlled trial to investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin against negative inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in ATAAD surgery (PANDA).

A preliminary study of combined toxicity and underlying mechanisms of imidacloprid and cadmium coexposure using a multiomics integration approach.

Imidacloprid (IMI) and cadmium (Cd) have been shown to be harmful to mammals separately, but their combined toxicity to mammals remains largely unknown. In this study, biochemical analysis (oxidative stress and serum indicators of liver and kidney function), pathological sections and multiomics (metabolomics and transcriptomics) methods were used to investigate the changes and mechanisms of liver and kidney in mice coexposed to IMI and Cd. Biochemical analysis and pathological section results showed that oxidative stress, organ function, and cell damage were aggravated after the combination of the two methods.

Construction of NiP/WS/CoWO@C multi-heterojunction electrocatalysis derived from heterometallic clusters for superior overall water splitting.

The reasonable design of an economical and robust bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is both essential but challenging. Herein, we synthesized a multi-interfacial NiP/WS/CoWO@C hybrid electrocatalyst devived from the heterometallic clusters [Co(TC4A)(WO)Cl][HPWO], in which NiP was incorporated into WS/CoWO@C nanosheets via interfacial interactions by in situ phosphorization processes. Theoretical calculations revealed that moderate electron transfer from CoWO and NiP to WS induced by the multi-heterojunction significantly regulate the binding energies of the reactive intermediates, thus enhacing its intrinsic activity.

Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals liver-gut axis adaptation in high-altitude goats.

The liver-gut axis is an important regulatory axis for the host's metabolic functions. The study of liver gene expression, changes in metabolic products and the regulation of gut microbial communities in plateau animals under harsh environments can reveal the mechanisms by which Tibetan goats adapt to the plateau environment. This study employs transcriptome, metabolome and metagenomic analyses to reveal the differences in genes, metabolism, and gut microbiota between Jianzhou big-eared goats (JBG) and Xizang cashmere goats (TCG), which is of significant importance for improving survival models of high-altitude ruminants.

ATEDU-NET: An Attention-Embedded Deep Unet for multi-disease diagnosis in chest X-ray images, breast ultrasound, and retina fundus.

In image segmentation for medical image analysis, effective upsampling is crucial for recovering spatial information lost during downsampling. This challenge becomes more pronounced when dealing with diverse medical image modalities, which can significantly impact model performance. Plain and standard skip connections, widely used in most models, often fall short of maintaining high segmentation accuracy across different modalities, because essential spatial information transferred from the encoder to the decoder is lost.

Assessing microplastic and nanoplastic contamination in bird lungs: evidence of ecological risks and bioindicator potential.

Microplastics (MPs, 1 µm-5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs, < 1 µm), collectively termed micro(nano)plastics (MNPs), are pervasive airborne pollutants with significant ecological risks. Birds, recognized as bioindicators, are particularly vulnerable to MNP exposure, yet the extent and risks of MNP pollution in bird lungs remain largely unexplored. This study assessed MP exposure in bird lungs of 51 species and NP exposure in the lungs of five representative species using laser direct infrared (LDIR) and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) techniques, respectively.

Nanoscale interaction mechanism between bubbles and microplastics under the influence of natural organic matter in simulated marine environment.

Bubble-microplastic (MP) interaction is a significant process that changes the routes of MP circulation in marine environment and thereby determines the risk of MPs, which could be strongly influenced by natural organic matter (NOM) in oceans. However, the quantitative interaction mechanisms between bubbles and MPs under the effect of NOM remain elusive. Herein, bubble-MP interactions in simulated seawater were quantified at nanoscale based on atomic force microscope coupled with the Stokes-Reynold-Young-Laplace model.

Analysis of the hemodynamic impact of coronary plaque morphology in mild coronary artery stenosis.

Objectives: As is well known, plaque morphology plays an important role in the hemodynamics of stenotic coronary arteries, thus their clinic outcomes. However, so far, there has been no research on how the cross-sectional shape of a stenotic lumen affects its hemodynamics. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of plaque cross-sectional shape on coronary hemodynamics under mild or moderate stenosis conditions (diameter stenosis degree ≤50 %).

Imaging Biomarker Studies of Antipsychotic-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia in China: Progress and Future Directions.

Background And Hypothesis: Identifying biomarkers at onset and specifying the progression over the early course of schizophrenia is critical for better understanding of illness pathophysiology and providing novel information relevant to illness prognosis and treatment selection. Studies of antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia in China are making contributions to this goal.

Study Design: A review was conducted for how antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients were identified and studied, the investigated biological measures, with a focus on neuroimaging, and how they extend the understanding of schizophrenia regarding the illness-related brain abnormality, treatment effect characterization and outcome prediction, and subtype discovery and patient stratification, in comparison to findings from western populations.

Exploring the molecular characterization of PANoptosis-related genes with features of immune dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease based on bulk and single-nuclei RNA sequencing.

The immune system has emerged as a major factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PANoptosis is a newly defined programmed cell death mechanism related to many inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed (DE) PANoptosis-related genes with characteristics of immune dysregulation (PRGIDs) in AD using bioinformatics analysis of bulk RNA-seq and single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data.

Upper airway changes after orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal class III high-angle malocclusion and mandibular deviation.

Objectives: This study analyzed the differences in the upper airway of patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion with and without mandibular deviation, and further investigated whether there are differences in the changes in upper airway space after orthognathic surgery between the two groups.

Materials And Methods: 15 patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion and mandibular deviation, and 15 patients without mandibular deviation were selected to explore the impact of mandibular deviation on the upper airway. Additionally, 16 patients with mandibular deviation undergoing orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment, and 13 patients without mandibular deviation, were selected to investigate the differences in the changes in upper airway space after orthognathic surgery between the two groups.

Conventional and genetic association between migraine and stroke with druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization.

The genetic relationship between migraine and stroke remains underexplored, particularly in the context of druggable targets. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes and a lack of focus on genetic-targeted therapies for these conditions. We analyzed the association and causality between migraine and stroke using multivariable logistic regression in the UK Biobank cohort and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data.

A nomogram to preoperatively predict the aggressiveness of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors based on CT features and 3D CT radiomic features.

Objectives: Combining Computed Tomography (CT) intuitive anatomical features with Three-Dimensional (3D) CT multimodal radiomic imaging features to construct a model for assessing the aggressiveness of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) prior to surgery.

Methods: This study involved 242 patients, randomly assigned to training (170) and validation (72) cohorts. Preoperative CT and 3D CT radiomic features were used to develop a model predicting pNETs aggressiveness.