The clinical application of artificial intelligence in cancer precision treatment.

Background: Artificial intelligence has made significant contributions to oncology through the availability of high-dimensional datasets and advances in computing and deep learning. Cancer precision medicine aims to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects for individual cancer patients. However, a comprehensive review describing the impact of artificial intelligence on cancer precision medicine is lacking.

Chemotherapy in synergy with innate immune agonists enhances T cell priming for checkpoint inhibitor treatment in pancreatic cancer.

Background: The combination of conventional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been unsuccessful for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Administration of maximum tolerated dose of chemotherapy drugs may have immunosuppressive effects.

Methods: We thus tested, by using the preclinical model of PDACs including the genetically engineered mouse KPC spontaneous pancreatic tumor model and the pancreatic KPC tumor orthotopic implant model, the combinations of synthetic innate immune agonists including STING and NLRP3 agonist, respectively, and ICIs with or without chemotherapy.

Predictive factors for axillary pathological complete response to neoadjuvant therapy in elderly breast cancer patients.

Purpose: This study explores the predictive factors for axillary pathological complete response(apCR) during neoadjuvant therapy(NAT) for elderly breast cancer patients to supplement the indications for retaining the axilla.

Methods: Comprehensive clinical information was gathered from November 2016 to July 2023 from elderly patients with pathology-confirmed invasive breast cancer who underwent NAT and surgery in the Breast Department of Sichuan Cancer Hospital. The relationships between clinicopathological characteristics and apCR were investigated via retrospective analysis.

Association between interpregnancy interval and adverse perinatal outcomes according to maternal age in the context of China's two-child policy.

Background: Since the implementation of China's comprehensive two-child policy, the prevalence of long interpregnancy intervals (IPI) and advanced maternal age has increased. However, previous studies in China have mostly focused on the relationship between short IPIs and adverse perinatal outcomes, while neglecting maternal age as a potential confounder.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 23,899 pregnant women who delivered between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 at Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital and West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University.

Antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characterization based on whole-genome sequencing of Staphylococcus aureus causing invasive infection in children and women living in Southwest China during 2018-2023.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens that colonizes human skin/mucous membranes, where it causes local infection that can progress to invasive infection, resulting in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characteristics of invasive S. aureus in children and women in Southwest China from 2018 to 2023 to provide novel insights helpful in preventing and treating S.

Development of a CT radiomics prognostic model for post renal tumor resection overall survival based on transformer enhanced K-means clustering.

Background: Kidney tumors, common in the urinary system, have widely varying survival rates post-surgery. Current prognostic methods rely on invasive biopsies, highlighting the need for non-invasive, accurate prediction models to assist in clinical decision-making.

Purpose: This study aimed to construct a K-means clustering algorithm enhanced by Transformer-based feature transformation to predict the overall survival rate of patients after kidney tumor resection and provide an interpretability analysis of the model to assist in clinical decision-making.

Stratified Impact of Therapies on Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Outcomes in the Pre-Gene-Targeted Therapy Era.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly lethal disease, often diagnosed with advanced locoregional and distant metastases, resulting in a median survival of just 3-5 months. This study determines the stratified effectiveness of baseline treatments in all combinations, enabling precise prognoses prediction and establishing benchmarks for advanced therapeutic options.

Methods: The study extracted a cohort of pathologically confirmed ATC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.

Targeting p38γ synergistically enhances sorafenib-induced cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Sorafenib (Sora) is a first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It can significantly improve the survival rate of patients with advanced HCC, but it is prone to drug resistance during treatment, so the therapeutic effect is extremely limited. Here, we demonstrate that an elevated expression of protein kinase p38γ in hepatocellular carcinoma cells diminishes the tumor cells' sensitivity to Sora.

Social Network Types in Autistic Adults and Its Associations with Mastery, Quality of Life, and Autism Characteristics.

Research shows heterogeneity in experiences of social contact and social networks in autistic adults. In this study, we aim to identify clusters of social support networks and investigate associations of clusters with mastery, quality of life, and autism characteristics. Autistic adults (N = 381; 45.

Relationship between intraoperative blood pressure variability and postoperative acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac surgery.

Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a notably common complication in pediatrics, with an incidence rate ranging from 15 to 64%. This rate is significantly higher than that observed in adults. Currently, there is a lack of substantial evidence regarding the association between intraoperative blood pressure variability (BPV) during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the development of AKI in pediatric patients.

Effect of magnetization on antibacterial, lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities of isoquinoline alkaloids.

The magnetization strategy of isoquinoline alkaloids has been successfully used in the extraction and isolation, but the effect of the magnetization on biological activities of those alkaloids still deserves further investigation. Therefore, the antibacterial, lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities of five isoquinoline alkaloids (berberine, tetrahydroberberine, palmatine, tetrahydropalmatine and tetrahydropapavine) before and after magnetization were compared in this study, and the results showed that the relevant activities were enhanced after magnetization. Additionally, among the five magnetic derivatives studied, berberine magnetic derivative ([Ber·H][FeCl]) had the best antibacterial effect on S.

Association between sleep quality and serum biomarkers among long-term hot spring bathers: a cross-sectional study.

Previous studies investigating the influence of hot spring bathing on sleep quality have predominantly focused on the short-term effects through questionnaire surveys without blood collection for biochemical tests. Here, we undertook a comprehensive investigation of the long-term health effects of hot spring bathing among the residents of Hot Spring Village. A total of 140 participants were enrolled, and their demographic characteristics and the patterns of hot spring bathing were obtained via face-to-face interview, and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

ASIC1a mediated nucleus pulposus cells pyroptosis and glycolytic crosstalk as a molecular basis for intervertebral disc degeneration.

Background: One of the etiologic components of degenerative spinal illnesses is intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), and the accompanying lower back pain is progressively turning into a significant public health problem. Important pathologic characteristics of IVDD include inflammation and acidic microenvironment, albeit it is unclear how these factors contribute to the disease.

Purpose: To clarify the functions of inflammation and the acidic environment in IVDD, identify the critical connections facilitating glycolytic crosstalk and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) pyroptosis, and offer novel approaches to IVDD prevention and therapy.

Interconnections between BDH1-plasma protein-type 2 diabetes Mellitus: a mediated mendelian randomization analysis using plasma proteomics.

With the rapid advancement of proteomics, numerous scholars have investigated the intricate relationships between plasma proteins and various diseases. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the relationship between BDH1 and type 2 diabetes using Mendelian randomization (MR) and to identify novel targets for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes through proteomics. This study primarily employed the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method, leveraging genetic data from numerous large-scale, publicly accessible genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Binocular stereo vision-based relative positioning algorithm for drone swarm.

To address the challenges of high computational complexity and poor real-time performance in binocular vision-based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) formation flight, this paper introduces a UAV localization algorithm based on a lightweight object detection model. Firstly, we optimized the YOLOv5s model using lightweight design principles, resulting in Yolo-SGN. This model achieves a 65.

Plasma membrane-associated ARAF condensates fuel RAS-related cancer drug resistance.

RAF protein kinases are major RAS effectors that function by phosphorylating MEK. Although all three RAF isoforms share a conserved RAS binding domain and bind to GTP-loaded RAS, only ARAF uniquely enhances RAS activity. Here we uncovered the molecular basis of ARAF in regulating RAS activation.

Research on the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions based on the dual perspectives of carbon emission reduction and carbon efficiency.

China's digital economy is currently thriving, with the "dual carbon" targets representing a significant pursuit of economic development. The role of the digital economy in achieving these targets warrants detailed discussion. Using urban panel data from China spanning 2011 to 2021, this paper empirically examines the impact of the digital economy on urban carbon emissions.

Urban pandemic governance personal protective equipment allocation strategies: a system dynamics simulation.

In the early days of the urban pandemic, many cities had personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages, which adversely affected urban pandemic governance. Using the COVID-19 strategies employed in Wuhan as the pivotal case study, this study sought to determine effective strategies to optimize city PPE distribution. System dynamics modeling was employed to explore the influence of PPE allocation strategies on pandemic control measures.

High-density lipoprotein nanoparticles spontaneously target to damaged renal tubules and alleviate renal fibrosis by remodeling the fibrotic niches.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) ultimately causes renal fibrosis and end-stage renal disease, thus seriously threatens human health. However, current medications for CKD and fibrosis are inefficient, which is often due to poor targeting capability to renal tubule. In this study, we discover that biomimetic high-density lipoprotein (bHDL) lipid nanoparticles possess excellent targeting ability to injured tubular epithelial cells by kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) mediated internalization.

Signaling pathway mechanisms of circadian clock gene Bmal1 regulating bone and cartilage metabolism: a review.

Circadian rhythm is ubiquitous in nature. Circadian clock genes such as Bmal1 and Clock form a multi-level transcription-translation feedback network, and regulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including bone and cartilage metabolism. Deletion of the core clock gene Bmal1 leads to pathological bone alterations, while the phenotypes are not consistent.

Recombinant XBB.1.5 boosters induce robust neutralization against KP.2- and KP.3-included JN.1 sublineages.

The newly emerged variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrate resistance to present therapeutic antibodies as well as the capability to evade vaccination-elicited antibodies. JN.1 sublineages were demonstrated as one of the most immune-evasive variants, showing higher neutralization resistance compared to XBB.

Optimized Interface Engineering Enhances Carrier and Phonon Scattering for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in Yb-Filled Skutterudites.

Thermoelectric (TE) performance in materials is often constrained by the strong coupling between carrier and phonon transport, necessitating trade-offs between electrical and thermal properties that limit improvements in the figure of merit (). Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to achieve simultaneous energy filtering and enhanced phonon scattering, effectively optimizing the TE properties of CoSb-based skutterudites. By introducing CuTe nanoprecipitates into the YbCoSb matrix, interfacial barriers are formed, which selectively filter low-energy charge carriers, significantly improving the Seebeck coefficient while maintaining high carrier mobility.

Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Radiopathomics.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to develop a radiopathomics model based on preoperative ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) images to enable accurate, non-invasive preoperative risk stratification for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The model seeks to enhance clinical decision-making by optimizing preoperative treatment strategies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy between October 2022 and May 2024 across six centers.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Mandarin Chinese Version of the Vocal Performance Questionnaire.

Objective: The Mandarin Chinese version of the Vocal Performance Questionnaire (VPQ-CM) for evaluating vocal performance.

Methods: A total of 120 participants with vocal disorders and 120 healthy participants completed this study. Investigators translated the original VPQ into the VPQ-CM, and participants completed the questionnaire fill it.