The absence of IRG1 exacerbates bone loss in a mouse model of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by increasing osteoclastogenesis through the potentiation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

The immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) protein plays a role in various pathological processes by connecting cellular metabolism to a range of cellular activities through the production of itaconate. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of IRG1 and itaconate in bone metabolism and homeostasis. However, the precise role of IRG1 in osteoporosis remains inadequately documented.

The Japanese encephalitis virus NS1' protein facilitates virus infection in mosquitoes.

Background: The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is known for its capacity to cause severe neurological disease in Asia. Neurotropic flaviviruses within the Japanese encephalitis (JE) serogroup possess the distinctive feature of expressing a unique nonstructural protein, NS1'. The NS1' protein consists of the full NS1 protein with an additional 52 amino acid extension at the C-terminus and has been demonstrated to exhibit virulence in mammalian hosts upon infection.

A mitochondria-to-nucleus regulation mediated by the nuclear-translocated mitochondrial lncRNAs.

A bidirectional nucleus-mitochondria communication is essential for homeostasis and stress. By acting as critical molecules, the nuclear-encoded lncRNAs (nulncRNAs) have been implicated in the nucleus-to-mitochondria anterograde regulation. However, role of mitochondrial-derived lncRNAs (mtlncRNAs) in the mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde regulation remains elusive.

A study of Chinese enterprises' business models to determine the impact of dynamic capabilities on innovation and performance.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can gain a competitive advantage by implementing business model innovation (BMI), which is characterized as irreversible changes to a company's business model. However, BMI is often associated with high risk, uncertainty, and ambiguity. In this study, the effectiveness of BMI on improving SME performance is examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on data collected from 330 Chinese SMEs.

Clinical value of aortic arch morphology in transfemoral TAVR: artificial intelligence evaluation.

Background: The impact of aortic arch (AA) morphology on the management of the procedural details and the clinical outcomes of the transfemoral artery (TF)-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not been evaluated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the AA morphology of patients who had TF-TAVR using an artificial intelligence algorithm and then to evaluate its predictive value for clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1480 consecutive patients undergoing TF-TAVR using a new-generation transcatheter heart valve at 12 institutes were included in this retrospective study.

Comparison of short-and long-term outcomes between endovascular and open repair for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of endovascular versus open repair for the treatment of patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DTAA).

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies was performed. Outcome data, including postoperative mortality and morbidity, operative details, all-cause survival, freedom from aortic-related survival and freedom from aortic-related re-intervention, were independently extracted by two authors in a standardized way.

HER2 regulates autophagy and promotes migration in gastric cancer cells through the cGAS-STING pathway.

In gastric cancer, the relationship between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of the interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway, and autophagy remains unclear. This study examines whether HER2 regulates autophagy in gastric cancer cells via the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, influencing key processes such as cell proliferation and migration. Understanding this relationship could uncover new molecular targets for diagnosis and treatment.

Exploration of the Combined Mechanism of Direct and Indirect Effects of Paeoniflorin in the Treatment of Cholestasis.

Cholestasis is a multifactorial hepatobiliary disorder, characterized by obstruction of bile flow and accumulation of bile, which in turn causes damage to liver cells and other tissues. In severe cases, it can result in the development of life-threatening conditions, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Paeoniflorin (PF) has been demonstrated to possess favourable therapeutic potential for the treatment of cholestasis.

To describe the subsets of malignant epithelial cells in gastric cancer, their developmental trajectories and drug resistance characteristics.

Gastric cancer is an aggressive malignancy characterized by significant clinical heterogeneity arising from complex genetic and environmental interactions. This study employed single-cell RNA sequencing, using the 10 × Genomics platform, to analyze 262,532 cells from gastric cancer samples, identifying 32 distinct clusters and 10 major cell types, including immune cells (e.g.

Solvent influence on the optical absorption, frontier molecular orbitals, and electronic structure of 1-bromo adamantane.

Context: The study of the influence of solvent on 1-bromo adamantane (BAD) exposes prominent solvatochromatic shifts in the optical absorbance and substantial solvent effects on the electronic structure. This facilitates the molecular probe abilities for the BAD with respect to the surrounding environments such as dielectric constant and polarity. BAD exhibits positive solvatochromism for nonpolar solvents and negative solvatochromatic shifts for polar and aromatic solvents.

Prediction of Pharmacoresistance in Drug-Naïve Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Using Ictal EEGs Based on Convolutional Neural Network.

Approximately 30%-40% of epilepsy patients do not respond well to adequate anti-seizure medications (ASMs), a condition known as pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The management of pharmacoresistant epilepsy remains an intractable issue in the clinic. Its early prediction is important for prevention and diagnosis.

Rational Design Two- or Four-Electron Reaction Pathway Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient and Selective Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are often employed in oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) for hydrogen peroxide production due to their tunable structures and compositions. However, COF electrocatalysts require precise structural engineering, such as heteroatoms or metal site doping, to modulate the reaction pathway during the ORR process. In this work, we designed a tetraphenyl-p-phenylenediamine based COF electrocatalyst, namely TPDA-BDA, which exhibited excellent two-electron (2e) ORR performance with high H2O2 selectivity of 89.

Spiral and helical formation of passive and active polymers with stiffness heterogeneity in a spherical cavity.

Biomolecules usually adopt ubiquitous circular structures which are important for their functionality. Based on three-dimensional Langevin dynamics simulations, we investigate the conformational change of a polymer confined in a spherical cavity. Both passive and active polymers with either homogeneous or heterogeneous stiffness are analyzed in a comparative manner.

Neuroregulation during Bone Formation and Regeneration: Mechanisms and Strategies.

The skeleton is highly innervated by numerous nerve fibers. These nerve fibers, in addition to transmitting information within the bone and mediating bone sensations, play a crucial role in regulating bone tissue formation and regeneration. Traditional bone tissue engineering (BTE) often fails to achieve satisfactory outcomes when dealing with large-scale bone defects, which is frequently related to the lack of effective reconstruction of the neurovascular network.

Top-down curing to construct self-retaining and moisture-pumping double-layered dressing with enhanced antibacterial, hemostatic, and wound healing performances.

Continuous microenvironment modulation is an ongoing challenge in wound dressing, which includes excessive exudate absorption, oxygen delivery, bacterial inhibition and angiogenesis. Herein, we developed an construction strategy to fabricate a self-retaining double-layered wound dressing, where the top layer precursor was composed of Ca-containing polyvinyl butyral (PVB) solution dispersed with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) particles, and the bottom one consisted of sodium alginate (Alg) solution blended with Ag-doped mesoporous bioactive glass powders (Ag-MBG). When in use, both precursors were simultaneously squeezed out from the twin nozzles connected to the individual chambers of a twin-chambered syringe, whereby Ca in the top layer rapidly migrated downwards to crosslink Alg in the bottom layer, leading to the formation of an Alg/Ag-MBG (AA) functional hydrogel for filling an irregular wound.

Long-day induced flowering requires DNA hypermethylation in orchardgrass.

Flowering, a pivotal plant lifecycle event, is intricately regulated by environmental and endogenous signals via genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Photoperiod is a crucial environmental cue that induces flowering by activating integrators through genetic and epigenetic pathways. However, the specific role of DNA methylation, a conserved epigenetic marker, in photoperiodic flowering remains unclear.

HIV-1 and BLV are insensitive to SERINC5 restriction under the cell-cell infection.

ine orporator 5 (INC5, SER5) suppresses viral cell-free infection. However, its antiviral potency under viral cell-cell infection is not examined yet. Here, we established the cell-cell infection systems to assess SER5's antiviral activity on HIV-1 and bovine leukemia virus (BLV).

Recent advances in optical heavy water sensors.

DO and HO, as two important solvents with very similar properties, play a pivotal role in nuclear industrial production, life and scientific research. Unfortunately, DO and HO are highly susceptible to contamination by each other, so effective qualitative and quantitative analyses of both are necessary. This review comprehensively discusses the progress in optical sensing for the detection of a trace amount of HO in heavy water or , mainly including five types of analytical systems: inorganic nanocrystals, carbon-based nanomaterials, lanthanide complexes, organic polymers, and organic small molecules.

Prognosis after one- and two-stage revision surgery for periprosthetic joint infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Revision surgeries for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) in arthroplasty can follow either one- or two-stage treatment protocols. Previous studies have reported similar reinfection rates and reductions in complication rates for both treatment options. However, the literature on the selection of one protocol is still controversial.

Characteristics of Phages and Their Interactions With Hosts in Anaerobic Reactors.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes relies on the interaction and cooperation of various microorganisms. Phages are crucial components of the microbial community in AD systems, but their diversity and interactions with the prokaryotic populations are still inadequately comprehended. In this study, 2121 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) were recovered from 12 anaerobic fatty acid-fed reactors.

AsGAD1 cloned from creeping bentgrass modulates cadmium tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana by remodelling membrane lipids and cadmium uptake, transport and chelation.

The gene GAD1 encodes a glutamate decarboxylase, which is a rate-limiting enzyme for the biosynthesis of endogenous γ-aminobutyrate acid (GABA), but a potential role of GAD1 in regulating cadmium (Cd) tolerance needs to be further elucidated in plants. The objective of this study was to investigate Cd tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and transgenic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing AsGAD1. The Cd-tolerant creeping bentgrass cultivar LOFTSL-93 accumulated more endogenous GABA in relation to a significant upregulation of AsGAD1 in leaf and root than the Cd-sensitive W66569 in response to Cd stress.

Aberrant Structural-Functional Coupling of Large-scale Brain Networks in Older Women with Subthreshold Depression.

Objectives: Subthreshold depression (SD) is common in the older population, more so in females than males, and can lead to serious physical and mental ill-health. However, the underlying neurobiology remains unclear. This study used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the topological organization and coupling of the structural and functional brain networks in older women with SD.

Structure-Guided Optimization and Preclinical Evaluation of 6--Benzylguanine-Based Pin1 Inhibitor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths globally, and the need for effective systemic therapies for HCC is urgent. Our previous work reveals that Pin1 is a potential anti-HCC target, which regulates miRNA biogenesis and identifies as a novel Pin1 inhibitor to suppresses HCC. However, a great demand in HCC therapy as well as the limited chemical stability and pharmacokinetic feature of motivated us to find improved Pin1 inhibitors.

Poly(1,3-dioxolane)-Modified Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 as the Electrolyte for Enhanced Solid Lithium Metal Batteries.

Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.