Phytohormonal homeostasis, chloroplast stability, and heat shock transcription pathways related to the adaptability of creeping bentgrass species to heat stress.

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) is a cool-season perennial turfgrass and is frequently utilized in high-quality turf areas. However, a poor to moderate resistance to heat stress limits its promotion and utilization in transitional and worm climate zones. The objectives of the study were to assess the heat tolerance of 18 creeping bentgrass genotypes in the field and to further uncover differential mechanisms of heat tolerance between heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive genotypes.

Exploring the correlations between six serological inflammatory markers and different stages of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.

To determine the correlations between six serological inflammatory markers, namely the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and various stages of type 2 diabetic retinopathy (T2DR). Additionally, the diagnostic value of these markers in T2DR was evaluated. Clinical data were collected from a total of 397 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the ophthalmology department at Mian Yang Central Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2023 to December 2023.

Osteoarthritis-like changes in rat temporomandibular joint induced by unilateral anterior large overjet treatment.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common degenerative disease that causes chronic pain and joint dysfunction. However, the current understanding of TMJOA pathogenesis is limited and necessitates further research. Animal models are crucial for investigating TMJOA due to the scarcity of clinical samples.

The relationship between psychological resilience, perceived social support, acceptance of illness and mindfulness in patients with hepatolenticular degeneration.

To investigates the current status of mindfulness in patients with Wilson's disease (WD) and to explore the effects of psychological resilience, perceived social support, and acceptance of illness on their mindfulness. By using the convenient sampling method, 136 patients with WD were selected from May 2019 to January 2023 in 12 tertiary hospitals in Chengdu. General information questionnaire, five facet mindfulness scale, resilience scale, acceptance of illness and perceived social support scale were used to conduct the investigation.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Biological Aging: Evidence From Genetic Correlation and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with higher risks of age-related morbidity and mortality. However, whether they causally contribute to accelerating biological aging has not been fully elucidated. Utilizing the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data, we implemented a comprehensive analytical framework to investigate the associations between genetically predicted moderate-to-vigorous leisure-time physical activity (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST), and four epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) measures: HannumAgeAccel, intrinsic HorvathAgeAccel, PhenoAgeAccel, and GrimAgeAccel.

Biochar@MIL-88A(Fe) accelerates direct interspecies electron transfer and hydrogen transfer in waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion: Exploring electron transfer and biomolecular mechanisms.

Adding additives exogenously is an effective strategy to enhance methanogenic activity and improve AD stability. Corn straw-based biochar@MIL-88A(Fe) (BM) was synthesized herewith and used as an exogenous additive to boost methane (CH) production. After adding BM at 250 mg/g WAS VS, the accumulative CH production and maximum CH yield increased by 1.

Synergistic enhancement of hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of cellulose paper by (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxy and rosin.

Cellulose-based paper is inherently poor in hydrophobicity and mechanical strength, limiting its practical applications in daily life such as packaging materials, water-resistant labels, and disposable tableware. This study aimed to develop an effective and eco-friendly strategy to address these limitations by enhancing the hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of cellulose paper. To achieve this, an internal sizing agent was prepared by combining (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxy (GPS) with natural rosin.

Insights into the catalytic mechanism of archaeal peptidoglycan endoisopeptidases from methanogenic phages.

Archaeal peptidoglycan, a crucial component of the cell walls of Methanobacteria and Methanopyri, enhances the tightness of methanogenic cells and their resistance to known lytic enzymes and antibiotics. Although archaeal peptidoglycan endoisopeptidases (Pei) can reportedly degrade archaeal peptidoglycan, their biochemistry is still largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the activity and catalytic properties of the endoisopeptidases PeiW and PeiP using synthesized isopeptides identical to natural substrates.

Cordycepin alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and reducing oxidative stress via Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) keeps rising with only a few drugs available. The present study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of cordycepin on MASLD. Male C57BL/6 mice were induced with a 90-day high-fat diet (HFD) and intraperitoneal administration with streptozotocin to establish MASLD murine model.

Increased atherogenicity in mood disorders: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) often coexist with metabolic syndrome. Both are linked to increased atherogenicity and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, a comprehensive analysis of key atherogenic biomarkers in MDD/BD is still lacking.

DFCL: Dual-pathway fusion contrastive learning for blind single-image visible watermark removal.

Digital image watermarking is a prevalent method for image copyright protection. As watermark embedding techniques evolve, research in copyright protection has increasingly extended into watermark removal. Recent advancements in deep learning and generative technologies have led to the development of public watermark removal solutions, addressing issues such as plagiarized, illegal, or outdated watermarks while driving significant improvements in robust watermark embedding.

Association of MTHFR C677T and A1298C variants with preeclampsia risk and angiogenic imbalance in Tunisian women.

Unlabelled: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific vascular disorder associated with endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and proteinuria. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme regulates essential cellular functions in pregnancy owing to its effects on folate metabolism and DNA methylation. Previous studies implicated the association of rs1801133 (C677T; Ala222Val) and rs1801131 (A1298C; Glu429Ala) in the MTHFR gene with PE in different ethnic groups, but with mixed outcomes.

A first-in-human phase 1/2 dose-escalation study of MAK683 (EED inhibitor) in patients with advanced malignancies.

Purpose: MAK683, a first-in-class and highly selective allosteric inhibitor of the embryonic ectoderm development subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2, has shown sustained antitumor activity in tumor xenograft models. This first-in-human phase 1/2 study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and clinical activity of single-agent MAK683 in advanced malignancies.

Methods: MAK683 was administered fasted once daily or twice daily continuously in 28-day treatment cycles.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy enhances the efficacy of lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) was an effective treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its effectiveness in combination with targeted immunotherapy regimens was controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of adding HAIC to lenvatinib in combination with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors.

Methods: Literature related to the efficacy of HAIC in combination with lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced HCC was searched through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases.

Adhesive damage of class V restorations under shrinkage stress and occlusal forces using cohesive zone modeling.

Objective: This study aims to investigate adhesive damage caused by the synergistic effects of polymerization shrinkage and occlusal forces via finite element analysis (FEA), based on damage mechanics with the cohesive zone model (CZM). The objective is to obtain the adhesive damage distribution and investigate how the material properties of resin composite impact adhesive damage.

Methods: A 3D reconstruction model of an mandibular first molar was constructed through CBCT imaging, and a Class V cavity was prepared using computer-aided engineering (CAE) software.

MSC-EXs inhibits uranium nephrotoxicity by competitively binding key proteins and inhibiting ROS production.

Uranium poisoning, particularly from exposure to Depleted Uranium (DU), occurs when uranyl ions enter the bloodstream and bind primarily to transferrin, osteopontin, and albumin before entering cells via corresponding receptors on renal tubular membranes, leading to cellular damage. Uranium poisoning remains a significant clinical challenge, with no ideal treatment currently available. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (MSC-EXs) in mice exposed to DU.

Soluble CD72 concurrently impairs T cell functions while enhances inflammatory response in sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is defined as multi-organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. This dysregulated host response includes enhanced inflammatory responses and suppressed adaptive immunity, but the molecular mechanisms behind it have not yet been elucidated. CD72, a type II transmembrane protein that is primarily expressed in B cells, was found to play an immunomodulatory role in the immune system and was associated with mortality in patients with sepsis.

Protocatechuic aldehyde ameliorates psoriasis-like skin inflammation and represses keratinocyte-derived IL-1α and CXCL9 via inhibiting STAT3 activation.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Consistent activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in epidermal keratinocyte transactivates various keratinocyte-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines and elicits spontaneous psoriasis-like skin inflammation. In the current study, we first report that topical application of protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), the bioactive compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), significantly improved psoriasis-like skin symptoms and reduced immune cell infiltration in psoriatic lesions.

Elephant-inspired tapered cable-driven hyper-redundant manipulator: design and performance analysis.

The Cable-Driven Hyper-redundant Manipulator (CDHM), distinguished by its high flexibility and adjustable stiffness, is extensively utilized in confined and obstacle-rich environments such as aerospace and nuclear facilities. This paper introduces a novel CDHM inspired by the trunk of elephants, which changes the arm structure from cylindrical to conical. This alteration diminishes the arm's self-weight, reduces the moment arm of gravity, decreases the volume of the end joint, narrows the stroke of the driving cables, and boosts the maximum joint speed of the manipulator.

Growing contribution to radiative forcing from China's on-farm nitrous oxide emissions requires more attention.

Agricultural systems are important emission sources of non-CO greenhouse gases (GHGs), including the relatively short-lived GHG methane (CH). As a pivotal emitter, China's CH emissions have received wide attention. For the first time, this study applied an indicator of radiative forcing-based climate footprint (RFCF) to compare the climate impacts of China's on-farm non-CO GHG emissions including CH and nitrous oxide (NO).

A Childhood Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis With a Novel BRAFN486_T491delinsK Mutation: Good Response to Conventional Chemotherapy.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized genetically by diverse gene mutations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade. BRAFN486_T491delinsK mutation is a rare mutation that involves the β2-αC ring domain, causing activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and is predicted to be resistant to the chemotherapy and BRAFV600E inhibitor in adult LCH cases. Here, we report a childhood LCH case with this novel BRAF mutation and had a good response to conventional chemotherapy.

Height development and multiple bone health indicators in children aged 2-12 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Introduction: Short stature is a frequent complication of DMD, and its pathomechanisms and influencing factors are specific to this disease and the idiosyncratic treatment for DMD.

Purpose: To establish the height growth curve of early DMD, and evaluate the potential influencing markers on height growth, provide further evidence for pathological mechanism, height growth management and bone health in DMD.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study of 348 participants with DMD aged 2-12 years was conducted at West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2023 to October 2023.

Neuronal TRPV1-CGRP axis regulates peripheral nerve regeneration through ERK/HIF-1 signaling pathway.

Severe trauma frequently leads to nerve damage. Peripheral nerves possess a degree of regenerative ability, and actively promoting their recovery can help restore the sensory and functional capacities of tissues. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is believed to regulate the repair of injured peripheral nerves, with neuronal transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) potentially serving as a crucial upstream factor.

Co-Atomic Interface Minimizing Charge Transfer Barrier in Polytypic Perovskites for CO Photoreduction.

Heterojunctions, known for their decent separation of photo-generated electrons and holes, are promising for photocatalytic CO reduction. However, a significant obstacle in traditional post-assembled heterojunctions is the high interfacial barrier for charge transfer caused by atomic lattice mismatch at multiphase interfaces. Here, as research prototypes, the study creates a lattice-matched co-atomic interface within CsPbBr-CsPbBr polytypic nanocrystals (113-125 PNs) through the proposed in situ hybrid strategy to elucidate the underlying charge transfer mechanism within this unique interface.

Machine Learning-Driven Prediction, Preparation, and Evaluation of Functional Nanomedicines Via Drug-Drug Self-Assembly.

Small molecules as nanomedicine carriers offer advantages in drug loading and preparation. Selecting effective small molecules for stable nanomedicines is challenging. This study used artificial intelligence (AI) to screen drug combinations for self-assembling nanomedicines, employing physiochemical parameters to predict formation via machine learning.