Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Promising Therapeutic Targets for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

The intestinal microbiota is a complex community of organisms present in the human gastrointestinal tract, some of which can produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) through the fermentation of dietary fiber. SCFAs play a major role in mediating the intestinal microbiota's regulation of host immunity and intestinal homeostasis. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause an imbalance between anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses in the host.

A Solvatochromic and Photosensitized Lipid Droplet Probe Detects Local Polarity Heterogeneity and Labels Interacting Proteins in Human Liver Disease Tissue.

The intricate morphology, physicochemical properties, and interacting proteins of lipid droplets (LDs) are associated with cell metabolism and related diseases. To uncover these layers of information, a solvatochromic and photosensitized LDs-targeted probe based on the furan-based D-D-π-A scaffold is developed to offer the following integrated functions. First, the turn-on fluorescence of the probe upon selectively binding to LDs allows for direct visualization of their location and morphology.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Mandarin Chinese Version of the Vocal Performance Questionnaire.

Objective: The Mandarin Chinese version of the Vocal Performance Questionnaire (VPQ-CM) for evaluating vocal performance.

Methods: A total of 120 participants with vocal disorders and 120 healthy participants completed this study. Investigators translated the original VPQ into the VPQ-CM, and participants completed the questionnaire fill it.

The Effect of Coronary Artery Disease on the Prognosis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Multi-Center Cohort Study.

Background: There is a shortage of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with concurrent coronary artery disease (CAD), and the influence of CAD on the prognosis of patients with HCM is uncertain. This real-world cohort study was conducted to evaluate the prognosis of patients with patients with CAD.

Methods: This cohort study of patients with HCM was conducted from May 2003 to September 2021.

Fluorescent Particles Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission for Optical Diagnostics of the Central Nervous System.

In 2001, Tang's team discovered a unique type of luminogens with substantial enhanced fluorescence upon aggregation and introduced the concept of "aggregation-induced emission (AIE)". Unlike conventional fluorescent materials, AIE luminogens (AIEgens) emit weak or no fluorescence in solution but become highly fluorescent in aggregated or solid states, due to a mechanism known as restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM). Initially considered a purely inorganic chemical phenomenon, AIE was later applied in biomedicine to improve the sensitivity of immunoassays.

[Expert consensus on visualized tele-round and quality control management based on the improvement of clinical practice ability].

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor's professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China.

OXCT1 succinylation and activation by SUCLA2 promotes ketolysis and liver tumor growth.

Ketone bodies generated in hepatocytes in the adult liver are used for nonhepatic tissues as an energy source. However, ketolysis is reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells with largely unelucidated mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1), a rate-limiting enzyme in ketolysis, interacts with SUCLA2 upon IGF1 stimulation in HCC cells.

Preserving Cervical Mobility: A Novel Robot-Assisted Approach for Atlas Fracture Fixation.

BACKGROUND The management of unstable atlas fractures remains a subject of ongoing debate and controversy. The conservative surgical treatment commonly involves fusion, resulting in severe loss of cervical spine mobility, and a large incisions and extensive tissue dissection are required. We aim to introduce a novel concept and surgical approach for treating atlas fracture, one that involves minimizing trauma while maintaining mobility of the upper cervical spine without resorting to fusion.

Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study.

Background: Due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat waves and other extreme weather events are rapidly increasing. Compared to the general population, pregnant women and fetuses are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures and are associated with the occurrence of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, its risk of preterm birth is currently uncertain.

Progress in the development of macrophage migration inhibitory factor small-molecule inhibitors.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) functions as a critical cytokine regulating inflammatory and immune responses. Extensive research has demonstrated its involvement in the progression of various cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory disorders, establishing it as a pivotal target for anti-inflammatory and anticancer interventions. Therapeutic strategies aimed at MIF primarily focus on suppressing its activity through small molecule inhibitors and natural compounds.

A two-branch framework for blood pressure estimation using photoplethysmography signals with deep learning and clinical prior physiological knowledge.

Objective: This paper presents a novel dual-branch framework for estimating blood pressure (BP) using photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. The method combines deep learning with clinical prior knowledge and models different time periods (morning, afternoon, and evening) to achieve precise, cuffless BP estimation.

Approach: Preprocessed single-channel PPG signals are input into two feature extraction branches.

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Tetravalent Recombinant COVID-19 Protein Vaccine SCTV01E in Children and Adolescents Aged 3 to 17 Years: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Clinical Trial.

: SCTV01E is a tetravalent recombinant COVID-19 vaccine authorized for emergency use in China for adults 18 years and older but not for those under 18. : This Phase 2 trial assessed the safety and immunogenicity of SCTV01E in healthy children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years, to establish immunobridging with that observed in adults from the efficacy pivotal trial (NCT05308576). : Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 30 µg of SCTV01E or a placebo.

From bench to bedside: elucidating VEGF(R) inhibitor-related heart failure in cancer treatment.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors play a pivotal role in treating various tumors; however, the clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of their associated heart failure (HF) remain incompletely understood.

Methods: We investigated the epidemiological characteristics of VEGF or VEGFR inhibitors [VEGF(R)i]-related heart failure (VirHF) using the global pharmacovigilance database Vigibase. The phenotypic features and molecular mechanisms of VirHF were characterized using VEGF(R)i-treated mouse models through a combination of echocardiography, histopathological analysis, and transcriptome sequencing.

Simple dysmood disorder, a mild subtype of major depression, is not an inflammatory condition: Depletion of the compensatory immunoregulatory system.

Background: A recent study conducted by the laboratory of the first author revealed that major depression is composed of two distinct subtypes: major dysmood disorder (MDMD) and simple dysmood disorder (SDMD). The latter is a less severe phenotype with fewer aberrant biological pathways. MDMD, but not SDMD, patients were identified to have highly sensitized cytokine/growth factor networks using stimulated whole blood cultures.

Downregulation of N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Methylation of Sema4D mRNA Contributes to Treg Dysfunction and Allograft Rejection.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been shown to be involved in the induction of transplantation tolerance in numerous models. Our previous work demonstrated that METTL14 loss impaired Treg function and hindered the establishment of transplantation tolerance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Transanal vs Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision and 3-Year Disease-Free Survival in Rectal Cancer: The TaLaR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of short-term histopathological outcomes and complications associated with transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with laparoscopic TME. However, the long-term oncological outcomes of transanal TME remain ambiguous. This study aims to compare 3-year disease-free survival of transanal TME with laparoscopic TME.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide versus anti-thymocyte globulin in haploidentical stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) are mainstay prophylactic treatment options for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), widely used in haploidentical stem cell transplantation. Due to a lack of prospective studies, a number of retrospective comparisons have yielded different conclusions as to which prophylaxis regimen is superior. We performed a meta-analysis of these studies to get more informed and comprehensive decisions from clinicians.

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. However, no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in China. We conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (except for Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Province, and the Xizang Autonomous Region, please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk factors.

Ahmed glaucoma valve implant for refractory glaucoma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Ahmed glaucoma valve in pediatric patients with refractory glaucoma.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple major databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Science Direct, China's National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wanfang database. We retrieved studies published before December 2022 that met the inclusion criteria, including clinical controlled trials (randomized controlled trials) and clinical noncontrolled trials (non-randomized controlled trials) on the use of Ahmed glaucoma valve in pediatric patients with refractory glaucoma.

Current research status and trends of potassium-competitive acid blockers in the treatment of acid-related diseases: a bibliometric analysis.

Objective: To explore the current research status and trends of potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) in the treatment of acid related diseases (ARDs) using bibliometric analysis.

Materials And Methods: We collected publications related to P-CAB in the treatment of acid-related diseases in the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection from the establishment of the database to 30 June 2024. We evaluated the publication volume and citation status over the years using the WOS platform, and visualized the authors, countries, institutions, keywords, and citations of the publications using CiteSpace and VOSviewer.

Successful Treatment of Large Left Ventricular Thrombosis During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

We report a rare complication of left ventricular giant thrombus in a patient with fulminant myocarditis after venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. This case report offers simple anticoagulant treatment experiences to eliminate significant LV thrombosis in patient undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, so that patients do not need surgery.

A Universal Therapeutic Vaccine Leveraging Autologous Pre-Existing Immunity to Eliminate in Situ Uniformly Engineered Heterogeneous Tumor Cells.

Tumor vaccines that activate the autologous immune system to eliminate tumor cells represent a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. However, challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, limited antigen selection, insufficient antigen presentation, and the slow onset of de novo immune responses have resulted in poor universality and suboptimal response rates. In contrast, pathogen-specific pre-existing immunity acquired through infection or vaccination, can rapidly generate a more potent and enduring immune response upon re-encounter with the same antigen.

Efficacy and safety of non-invasive low-frequency tibial nerve stimulator in overactive bladder.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a non-invasive low-frequency tibial nerve stimulator (TNS-01) vs sham control in relieving the symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB) patients.

Patients: Participants who were diagnosed with primary OAB or exhibited at least one OAB symptom. All participants underwent three 30-min intervention sessions weekly.

The superiority of veno-arterial over veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for operative support of lung transplantation.

Background: Veno-arterial (V-A) and veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are crucial support modalities during lung transplantation, yet their comparative effectiveness remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted an 8-year retrospective analysis of 62 lung transplant recipients who received intraoperative ECMO (29 V-A, 33 V-V). Baseline characteristics, surgical parameters, and clinical outcomes were compared.