Chronic kidney disease and thyroid hormones.

Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and significantly impacts renal outcomes and mortality. This study investigated the associations between thyroid function and clinical outcomes, and also the therapeutic effects of thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) in CKD patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the China Renal Data System.

Inflammation-based scores predict chronic kidney disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease and chronic heart failure.

Background: Inflammation is associated with adverse outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or chronic heart failure (CHF), but few large data exist. We aimed to explore the clinical associations, and prognostic consequences of inflammation-based scores in patients with CKD and CHF.

Methods: This work was a retrospective cohort study.

Inverse association between serum chloride levels and the risk of atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: Electrolyte abnormalities are common symptoms of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but previous studies have mainly focussed on serum potassium and sodium levels. Chloride is an important biomarker for the prognosis of various diseases. However, the relationship between serum chloride levels and atrial fibrillation (AF) in CKD patients is unclear.

Spontaneous dislodgment of a peritoneal dialysis catheter inserted using the Seldinger technique: A case report.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease. PD catheters remain the lifeline for patients undergoing PD. The catheter technique survival rate is considered a core PD outcome domain.

Association between urate-lowering therapy initiation and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic hyperuricemia.

Aims: To assess the relationships between urate-lowering therapy (ULT) initiation with all-cause mortality in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This nationwide retrospective cohort study involved patients with T2D and asymptomatic hyperuricemia from 19 academic hospitals across China between 2000 and 2021. The primary exposure was ULT initiation, including allopurinol, febuxostat, or benzbromarone.

Real-world effectiveness of early insulin therapy on the incidence of cardiovascular events in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Early insulin therapy is capable to achieve glycemic control and restore β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its effect on cardiovascular outcomes in these patients remains unclear. In this nationwide real-world study, we analyzed electronic health record data from 19 medical centers across China between 1 January 2000, and 26 May 2022. We included 5424 eligible patients (mean age 56 years, 2176 women/3248 men) who were diagnosed T2D within six months and did not have prior cardiovascular disease.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors vs. metformin for new-onset dementia: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: Hypoglycemic pharmacotherapy interventions for alleviating the risk of dementia remains controversial, particularly about dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors versus metformin. Our objective was to investigate whether the initiation of DPP4 inhibitors, as opposed to metformin, was linked to a reduced risk of dementia.

Methods: We included individuals with type 2 diabetes over 40 years old who were new users of DPP4 inhibitors or metformin in the Chinese Renal Disease Data System (CRDS) database between 2009 and 2020.

Novel small molecule inhibitors targeting renal cell carcinoma: Status, challenges, future directions.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal malignancy with a rapidly increasing morbidity and mortality rate gradually. RCC has a high mortality rate and an extremely poor prognosis. Despite numerous treatment strategies, RCC is resistant to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Incidence, risk factors and outcome of postoperative acute kidney injury in China.

Background: Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common condition after surgery, however, the available data about nationwide epidemiology of postoperative AKI in China from large and high-quality studies are limited. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of postoperative AKI among patients undergoing surgery in China.

Methods: This was a large, multicentre, retrospective study performed in 16 tertiary medical centres in China.

The effects of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage in kidney diseases.

Kidney disease is a progressive and irreversible condition in which immunity is a contributing factor that endangers human health. It is widely acknowledged that macrophages play a significant role in developing and causing numerous kidney diseases. The increasing focus on the mechanism by which macrophages express apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM) in renal diseases has been observed.

Risk of Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury among Adult Opioid Analgesic Users: A Multicenter Real-World Data Analysis.

Introduction: Comprehensive data on the risk of hospital-acquired (HA) acute kidney injury (AKI) among adult users of opioid analgesics are lacking. This study aimed to systematically compare the risk of HA-AKI among the users of various opioid analgesics.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective real-world study analyzed 255,265 adult hospitalized patients who received at least one prescription of opioid analgesic during the first 30 days of hospitalization.

Epidemiology and outcomes of post-AKI proteinuria.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with increased risks of new-onset and worsening proteinuria. However, epidemiologic data for post-AKI proteinuria was still lacking. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors and clinical correlations of post-AKI proteinuria among hospitalized patients.

Characterization of site-specific -glycosylation signatures of isolated uromodulin from human urine.

Uromodulin (Umod, Tamm-Horsfall protein) is the most abundant urinary -glycoprotein produced exclusively by the kidney. It can form filaments to antagonize the adhesion of uropathogens. However, the site-specific -glycosylation signatures of Umod in healthy individuals and patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) remain poorly understood due to the lack of suitable isolation and analytical methods.

Immunosuppression versus Supportive Care on Kidney Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy in the Real-World Setting.

Background: The efficacy of immunosuppression in the management of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy remains highly controversial. The study was conducted to assess the effect of immunosuppression, compared with supportive care, in the real-world setting of IgA nephropathy.

Methods: A cohort of 3946 patients with IgA nephropathy, including 1973 new users of immunosuppressive agents and 1973 propensity score-matched recipients of supportive care, in a nationwide register data from January 2019 to May 2022 in China was analyzed.

Statin initiation and risk of incident kidney disease in patients with diabetes.

Background: The role of statin therapy in the development of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) remains uncertain. We aimed to determine the relationships between statin initiation and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 DM.

Methods: Through a new-user design, we conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study using the China Renal Data System database (which includes inpatient and outpatient data from 19 urban academic centres across China).

Detecting Neonatal AKI by Serum Cystatin C.

Significance Statement: Serum creatinine is not a sensitive biomarker for neonatal AKI because it is confounded by maternal creatinine level, gestational age, and neonatal muscle mass. In this multicenter cohort study of 52,333 hospitalized Chinese neonates, the authors proposed serum cystatin C-related criteria (CyNA) for neonatal AKI. They found that cystatin C (Cys-C) is a robust and sensitive biomarker for identifying AKI in neonates who are at an elevated risk of in-hospital mortality and that CyNA detects 6.

SPARC in hematologic malignancies and novel technique for hematological disease with its abnormal expression.

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), also known as osteonectin or BM-40, is a matricellular protein involved in several biological processes including cell adhesion, growth factor availability, extracellular matrix remodeling and immune-regulation. SPARC has also been associated with a variety of diseases including diabetes, colon cancer, and leukemia. The expression of SPARC in different diseases exhibits some degree of ambiguity, especially in hemopathies.

The Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on Residual Proteinuria in Patients With Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Retrospective Study Based on Propensity Score Matching.

Background: There is insufficient evidence to support the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients with high residual proteinuria in spite of 6-month supportive treatment combined with corticosteroids (P) and/or immunosuppressives (IM). This study aims to explore the effect of HCQ on residual proteinuria in IgAN.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study.