A biomarker framework for liver aging: the Aging Biomarker Consortium consensus statement.

In human aging, liver aging per se not only increases susceptibility to liver diseases but also increases vulnerability of other organs given its central role in regulating metabolism. Total liver function tends to be well maintained in the healthy elderly, so liver aging is generally difficult to identify early. In response to this critical challenge, the Aging Biomarker Consortium of China has formulated an expert consensus on biomarkers of liver aging by synthesizing the latest scientific literature, comprising insights from both scientists and clinicians.

Downregulation of N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Methylation of Sema4D mRNA Contributes to Treg Dysfunction and Allograft Rejection.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been shown to be involved in the induction of transplantation tolerance in numerous models. Our previous work demonstrated that METTL14 loss impaired Treg function and hindered the establishment of transplantation tolerance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide versus anti-thymocyte globulin in haploidentical stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) are mainstay prophylactic treatment options for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), widely used in haploidentical stem cell transplantation. Due to a lack of prospective studies, a number of retrospective comparisons have yielded different conclusions as to which prophylaxis regimen is superior. We performed a meta-analysis of these studies to get more informed and comprehensive decisions from clinicians.

Benzene-induced hematotoxicity enhances the self-renewal ability of HSPCs in Mll-Af9 mice.

Patients with benzene-induced leukemia undergo a continuous transformation from myelosuppression to malignant proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms in this process remain unknown. Our previous studies have shown that the pathways involved in self-renewal capacity of bone marrow (BM) cells in Mll-Af9 mice exposed to benzene for life are significantly activated after severe blood toxicity.

The superiority of veno-arterial over veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for operative support of lung transplantation.

Background: Veno-arterial (V-A) and veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are crucial support modalities during lung transplantation, yet their comparative effectiveness remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted an 8-year retrospective analysis of 62 lung transplant recipients who received intraoperative ECMO (29 V-A, 33 V-V). Baseline characteristics, surgical parameters, and clinical outcomes were compared.

UDA-seq: universal droplet microfluidics-based combinatorial indexing for massive-scale multimodal single-cell sequencing.

The use of single-cell combinatorial indexing sequencing via droplet microfluidics presents an attractive approach for balancing cost, scalability, robustness and accessibility. However, existing methods often require tailored protocols for individual modalities, limiting their automation potential and clinical applicability. To address this, we introduce UDA-seq, a universal workflow that integrates a post-indexing step to enhance throughput and systematically adapt existing droplet-based single-cell multimodal methods.

Exosome-Mediated Lectin Pathway and Resistin-MIF-AA Metabolism Axis Drive Immune Dysfunction in Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by reduced platelet levels and heightened susceptibility to bleeding resulting from augmented autologous platelet destruction and diminished thrombopoiesis. Although antibody-mediated autoimmune reactions are widely recognized as primary factors, the precise etiological agents that trigger ITP remain unidentified. The pathogenesis of ITP remains unclear owing to the absence of comprehensive high-throughput data, except for the belated emergence of autoreactive antibodies.

The gut-brain axis underlying hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis.

Up to 50-70% of patients with liver cirrhosis develop hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which is closely related to gut microbiota dysbiosis, with an unclear mechanism. Here, by constructing gut-brain modules to assess bacterial neurotoxins from metagenomic datasets, we found that phenylalanine decarboxylase (PDC) genes, mainly from Ruminococcus gnavus, increased approximately tenfold in patients with cirrhosis and higher in patients with HE. Cirrhotic, not healthy, mice colonized with R.

Metformin-based nanomedicines for reprogramming tumor immune microenvironment.

Immunotherapy has transformed current cancer management, and it has achieved significant progress over last decades. However, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) diminishes the effectiveness of immunotherapy by suppressing the activity of immune cells and facilitating tumor immune-evasion. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key modulator of cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis, has gained growing attention in anti-tumor immunity.

Targeting lipid metabolism via nanomedicine: A prospective strategy for cancer therapy.

Lipid metabolism has been increasingly recognized to play an influencing role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic drug resistance. Targeting lipid metabolic reprogramming represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Despite their structural complexity and poor targeting efficacy, lipid-metabolizing drugs, either used alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, have been employed in clinical practice.

Particular Chinese contributions to extracorporeal liver surgery.

Extracorporeal liver surgery (ELS), also known as liver autotransplantation, is a hybrid (cross-fertilized) surgery incorporating the technical knowledge from extreme liver and transplant liver surgeries, and recently became more embraced and popularized among leading centers. ELS could be summarized into three major categories, namely, ex-situ liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA), ante-situm liver resection and autotransplantation (ALRA) and auxiliary partial liver autotransplantation (APLA). The successful development of ELS during the past 37 years is definitely inseparable from continuous efforts done by Chinese surgeons and researchers.

GPI transamidase complex is required for primordial germ cell migration and development in zebrafish.

Proteins without transmembrane domains could be anchored to the cell surface for regulating various biological processes when covalently linked to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) molecules by the GPI transamidase (GPIT) complex. However, it remains poorly understood whether and how the GPIT complex affects primordial germ cell (PGC) development. In this study, we report the important roles of GPI transamidase in PGC migration and development in zebrafish embryos.

Chinese expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Evaluation of gecacitinib vs hydroxyurea in patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis: final analysis results from a randomized phase 3 study.

To compare the efficacy and safety of gecacitinib (also known as jaktinib) with hydroxyurea (HU) in treating myelofibrosis (MF) patients. In this multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial (ZGJAK016), intermediate- or high-risk primarily JAK inhibitor naïve MF patients were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either gecacitinib (100 mg twice a day, BID) or HU (500 mg BID). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with ≥35% reduction in spleen volume (SVR35) from baseline at week 24.

Efficacy and safety of quadriceps tendon autograft versus bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring tendon autografts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Quadriceps tendon (QT), bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts are widely used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but the optimal autograft choice remains controversial. This study assessed the treatment effects of QT versus BPTB and HT autografts for ACLR.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for eligible studies published from inception until July 2022.

Expansion of B10 cells : Pathways, techniques and applications in transplantation (Review).

Cellular immunotherapy represents a pivotal treatment modality in clinical practice. Regulatory B cells (Bregs), a key subset of B lymphocytes, hold promise in the management of autoimmune diseases, cancer and transplantation immunity. The expansion of Bregs for cell therapy is a promising strategy to alleviate inflammation and promote immune tolerance.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Similar outcomes between HLA-haploid and matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter, retrospective study and severe aplastic anemia transplant-specific prognostic scoring system.

In recent years, great progress has been made in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) treatment for hematological malignant diseases because of the advent of novel conditioning regimens, optimized graft manipulation, improved graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and advances in supportive care. Recent studies have shown very favorable outcomes in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients, with comparable outcomes to those of patients receiving immune suppressive therapy (IST) and allogeneic HSCT from a matched sibling donor (MSD) or matched unrelated donor (MUD). However, most of the previous studies relied on single-center data analyses, and the conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis and supportive care used were relatively singular.

Outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation versus intensive chemotherapy in patients with myeloid sarcoma: a nationwide representative multicenter study.

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare hematological neoplasm with poor prognosis, posing a significant clinical challenge due to the absence of effective and standardized treatments. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 162 MS patients treated at 12 centers to compare outcomes between intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Our analysis revealed that allo-HSCT demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) within the initial 36 months compared to intensive chemotherapy alone (p = 0.

Evaluating rice lipid content, yield, and quality in response to nitrogen application rate and planting density.

To investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) application rate and planting density (D) on the contents of lipid and free fatty acid, fatty acid composition, yield and quality of rice grain, a field experiment was conducted using Koshihikari (japonica) as experimental material from 2021 to 2022 with three N levels (90, 150 and 210 kg ha, denoted as N1, N2 and N3, respectively) and three transplanting densities (19.0 × 10, 26.7 × 10 and 40.