[Difficulties in lifetime diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease].

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a classic representative of the group of prion diseases and is characterized by progressive degeneration of the structures of the nervous system with a variety of neurological symptoms, steady progression and inevitable death. The disease is based on a change in the tertiary structure of the protein, which leads to disruption of the normal functioning of cells. Despite the fact that the etiology and pathogenesis of CJD are now well studied, intravital diagnosis of this serious disease remains difficult due to the peculiarities of the pathological process (unusually long incubation period, variety of clinical symptoms), the lack of pathognomonic markers that make it possible to make a diagnosis with a high degree of confidence, and also insufficient awareness of medical workers.

A review of the association between in vitro fertilization and children's neurocognitive development.

This review investigated the current research on the association between in vitro fertilization and children's neurocognitive development. Twenty studies were analyzed, encompassing over 23,000 children conceived through IVF, and compared to those conceived naturally. The findings on overall cognitive function were mixed, as measured by IQ.

[Cardiac myxoma: biological features, morphology, differential diagnosis].

Cardiac myxoma in its morphology is a typical benign tumor, meanwhile, the fact of its localization in the heart chamber, directly in the constant blood flow, largely determines the clinical behavior of this neoplasm, which is often manifested by the development of characteristics that formally determine the aggressive and even malignant nature of the course. Accordingly, the malignancy of cardiac myxoma is determined more by its clinical behavior (recurrence, multifocality of the lesion, the presence of mechanisms of spread similar to metastasis) rather than by its histological picture. In the structure of primary benign tumors of the heart, myxoma occupies a dominant position and its incidence is up to 85%.

Global and Regional Sex-Related Differences, Asymmetry, and Peak Age of Brain Myelination in Healthy Adults.

The fundamental question of normal brain myelination in human is still poorly understood. : Age-dependent global, regional, and interhemispheric sex-related differences in brain myelination of 42 (19 men, 23 women) healthy adults (19-67 years) were explored using the MRI method of fast macromolecular fraction (MPF) mapping. : Higher brain myelination in males compared to females was found in global white matter (WM), most WM tracts, juxtacortical WM regions, and putamen.

A hypothesis of mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation mediated by chelidonic acid through the calcium import: original research and computer simulation.

Chelidonic acid (ChA) is small molecule capable of inducing the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts and the formation of mineralized bone matrix (MBM) both in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. Therefore, in silico modelling of potential molecular targets of ChA was performed.

Markers of Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: New in Molecular Oncology.

It is known that complete pathomorphological response (pCR) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer (BC) correlates with higher rates of recurrence-free and overall survival. In turn, the widespread use of neoadjuvant therapy for the treatment of breast cancer defines the clinical need for prognostic markers of response to ongoing therapy. Currently, some clinicopathological prognostic factors are used to assess the potential benefit of neoadjuvant systemic therapy for female patients, but they have limited applicability.

[A pilot study of associations of markers of glial and neuronal degeneration with executive functions in alcohol use disorders].

Objective: To study the relationship of serum markers of glial and neuronal degeneration with neuropsychological tests reflecting various cognitive domains of executive functions in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs).

Material And Methods: A total of 74 men participated in the study, including 30 healthy volunteers and 44 patients with AUDs. The study of executive functioning was carried out using Go/No-Go, Corsi and Color Stroop tests.

[Possibilities for predicting infectious and inflammatory complications in patients with urinological disease in the postoperative period].

Unlabelled: The purpose of our work was to assess the possibility of predicting the risks of postoperative complications in patients with urolithiasis in a urological hospital.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective comparative study. We analyzed the medical records of patients in the department of urology of hospital clinics of Siberian State Medical University from November 2022 to May 2023.

Socioeconomic determinants of malaria and hepatitis infections: insights from the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, North Central, Nigeria.

Background: Malaria and hepatitis are prevalent public health issues in Nigeria, significantly impacting health outcomes. Given the importance of the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, as a key healthcare provider in the region, it is crucial to understand the prevalence and factors associated with these diseases within this setting. This study is designed to address this need, aiming to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of malaria and hepatitis B and C among patients at the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi.

Effects of Mild Fatigue on Biomechanics of Single Leg Landing in Young Male Volleyball Players.

Objective: To investigate the effects of mild fatigue on the biomechanics of the lower limbs of young male volleyball players while performing single leg landing tasks.

Methods: A total of ten young male volleyball players were recruited as participants in this study. After the single leg landing was performed, we compared the performance between those with and without fatigue (post- and non-fatigue, respectively).

Revealing molecular mechanisms of early-onset tongue cancer by spatial transcriptomics.

Tongue cancer at a young age demonstrates an increase in incidence, aggressiveness, and poor response to therapy. Classic etiological factors for head and neck tumors such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus are not related to early-onset tongue cancer. Mechanisms of development and progression of this cancer remain unclear.

Blood Growth Factor Levels in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: High Neuregulin-1 Is Associated with Comorbid Cardiovascular Pathology.

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are known to frequently suffer from comorbid cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There are abundant data on cytokine levels and their role in the pathogenesis of SLE, while growth factors have received much less attention. The aim of this study was to analyze growth factor levels in SLE patients and their association with the presence of comorbid CVDs.

[Growth factors PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and BDNF as potential differentiating biomarkers of unipolar and bipolar depression].

Objective: To establish the differences and identify the prognostic value of biological markers - platelet growth factors PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF) - for the differential diagnosis of patients with unipolar and bipolar depression using machine learning.

Material And Methods: The study included 79 patients aged 48 [34; 57] years, including 35 people with bipolar depression (ICD-10. F31) and 44 people with unipolar depression (F32-33).

[Association of inflammation and chronic fatigue syndrome in patients with Parkinson's disease].

Objective: To study the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and association of CFS with other clinical and neuropsychological manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as with serum inflammatory markers and genetic polymorphisms.

Material And Methods: The study included 533 patients with PD. All patients underwent clinical, neurological examination and neuropsychological testing using validated questionnaires: MoCA test, HADS, BDI-II, the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).

[Sarcopenia as a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease].

Sarcopenia is a progressive generalized skeletal muscle disease that is accompanied by an accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, affecting the quality of life and the ability to perform self-care. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the world today ranges from 10 to 25%, which represents a certain danger as it is a prognostic factor for possible injury and increased disability in the elderly population. Sarcopenia often accompanies a large number of different diseases, including neurodegenerative ones, so it is actively studied in this category of patients, for example, as one of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD).

[Problems of monitoring malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system in the Siberian Federal District and ways to solve them].

Background: Incidence and recording of neuro-oncological tumors comprise an important problem in the world and In Russia including the Siberian federal district.

Objective: To analyze the incidence of malignant tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) (C70-72) in the Siberian federal district and appropriate constituent territories.

Material And Methods: Analysis of standardized indicators was based on form No.

Impact of Gut Microbiota and SCFAs in the Pathogenesis of PCOS and the Effect of Metformin Therapy.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder that impacts both the endocrine and metabolic systems, often resulting in infertility, obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of intestinal flora and its metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in the development of PCOS, and to assess the effects of metformin therapy on these components. SCFA levels in fecal and blood samples from women with PCOS (n=69) and healthy controls (n=18) were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) for precise measurement.