Hsa-miR-214-3p inhibits breast cancer cell growth and improves the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors, but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule, but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear.

Methods: We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

Microglial Activation and Hypothalamic Structural Plasticity in HFD Obesity: Insights from Semaglutide and Minocycline.

High-fat diet (HFD) -induced microglial activation contributes to hypothalamic inflammation and obesity, but the mechanisms linking microglia to structural changes remain unclear. This study explored the role of microglia in impairing hypothalamic synaptic plasticity in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice and evaluated the therapeutic potential of semaglutide (Sema) and minocycline (MI). Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into low-fat diet (LFD) and HFD groups.

Single-cell transcriptomes of dissecting the intra-tumoral heterogeneity of breast cancer microenvironment.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism by which heterogeneity in breast cancer developed and acted in single-cell transcriptomes.

Methods: The composition of breast cancer based on the single-cell transcriptomes of 54,055 high-quality cells from clinical specimens of 4 malignant and 4 non-malignant patients were investigated.

Results: We identified six common expression programs and six subtype-specific expression programs form malignant epithelial cells.

Enhanced Oxidative Phosphorylation Driven by TACO1 Mitochondrial Translocation Promotes Stemness and Cisplatin Resistance in Bladder Cancer.

Chemoresistance poses a critical obstacle in bladder cancer (BCa) treatment, and effective interventions are currently limited. Elevated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has been linked to cancer stemness, a determinant of chemoresistance. However, the mechanisms underlying increased OXPHOS during cancer cell chemoresistance remain unclear.

Regulatory mechanisms of macrophage-myofibroblast transdifferentiation: A potential therapeutic strategy for fibrosis.

Macrophage-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (MMT), a fibrotic process impacting diverse tissue types, has garnered recent scholarly interest. Within damaged tissues, the role of myofibroblasts is pivotal in the accumulation of excessive fibrous connective tissue, leading to persistent scarring or organ dysfunction. Consequently, the examination of MMT-related fibrosis is imperative.

Melatonin enhances NK cell function in aged mice by increasing T-bet expression via the JAK3-STAT5 signaling pathway.

Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial innate immune cells that provide defense against viruses and tumors. However, aging is associated with alterations in NK cell composition and compromised cell functions. Melatonin, known for its anti-tumor effects, has been reported to improve NK cell function.

Analysis of decision-making factors for defunctioning ileostomy after rectal cancer surgery and their impact on perioperative recovery: a retrospective study of 1082 patients.

Objective: To explore the decision-making factors for defunctioning ileostomy (DI) after rectal cancer surgery and to analyze the impact of the DI on perioperative outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted that included rectal cancer patients who underwent low anterior resection from January 2013 to December 2023. Among them, 33 patients did not undergo DI but with anastomotic leakage (AL) after surgery, and 1030 patients were without AL.

Disulfidptosis-related long non-coding RNA signature predicts the prognosis, tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy, and antitumor drug options in colon adenocarcinoma.

This study aims to investigate the role and prognostic significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with disulfidptosis in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The TCGA database's clinical data and transcriptome profiles were employed. Analysis of previous studies identified 10 disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs).

A radiomics model utilizing CT for the early detection and diagnosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) remains a significant global health concern, with a subset of cases progressing to Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia (SCAP). This study aims to develop and validate a CT-based radiomics model for the early detection of SCAP to enable timely intervention and improve patient outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 115 CAP and SCAP patients at Southern Medical University Shunde Hospital from January to December 2021.

Off-the-shelf CAR-NK cells targeting immunogenic cell death marker ERp57 execute robust antitumor activity and have a synergistic effect with ICD inducer oxaliplatin.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) therapy holds great promise for treating hematologic tumors, but its efficacy in solid tumors is limited owing to the lack of suitable targets and poor infiltration of engineered NK cells. Here, we explore whether immunogenic cell death (ICD) marker ERp57 translocated from endoplasmic reticulum to cell surface after drug treatment could be used as a target for CAR-NK therapy.

Methods: To target ERp57, a VHH phage display library was used for screening ERp57-targeted nanobodies (Nbs).

Cadherin 17 Nanobody-Mediated Near-Infrared-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery and Immunotoxin Delivery for Colorectal Cancer.

Surgery and targeted therapy are of equal importance for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. However, complete CRC tumor resection remains challenging, and new targeted agents are also needed for efficient CRC treatment. Cadherin 17 (CDH17) is a membrane protein that is highly expressed in CRC and, therefore, is an ideal target for imaging-guided surgery and therapeutics.

Value of different preoperative bone evaluation methods in predicting intraoperative screw insertion torque: a prospective clinical comparative trial.

Background Context: Establishing good screw-bone structural stability is conducive to reducing the risk of postoperative screw loosening. Screw insertion torque is an objective index for evaluating screw-bone structural stability. Therefore, accurate prediction of screw insertion torque can improve the preoperative evaluation of patients, optimize the surgical plan, and improve the surgical effect.

Deciphering the role of transcription factors in glioblastoma cancer stem cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and fatal brain malignancy, is largely driven by a subset of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs possess stem cell-like properties, including self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation, making them pivotal for tumor initiation, invasion, metastasis, and overall tumor progression. The regulation of CSCs is primarily controlled by transcription factors (TFs) which regulate the expressions of genes involved in maintaining stemness and directing differentiation.

Imaging and Liquid Biopsy for Distinguishing True Progression From Pseudoprogression in Gliomas, Current Advances and Challenges.

Rationale And Objectives: Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors with a poor prognosis. Assessing treatment response is challenging because magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may not distinguish true progression (TP) from pseudoprogression (PsP). This review aims to discuss imaging techniques and liquid biopsies used to distinguish TP from PsP.

Identification of survival related key genes and long-term survival specific differentially expressed genes related key miRNA network of primary glioblastoma.

Primary glioblastoma(pGBM) is the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical treatment have little effect on the survival of pGBM patients. The prognosis is often poorly once the tumor recurs.

New plasma diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer: transporter fragments of glutamate tRNA origin.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early diagnosis of the disease can greatly improve the clinical prognosis for patients with CRC. Unfortunately, there are no current simple and effective early diagnostic markers available.

Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan-Amoxicillin Dual Regimen With Varying Dose and Duration for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized Study.

Background & Aims: Previous studies confirm vonoprazan-amoxicillin effectiveness for Helicobacter pylori. This study aims to investigate vonoprazan with varying amoxicillin dose and duration.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled, noninferiority trial enrolled patients with treatment naive H pylori infection from 5 clinical centers.

Precise Photodynamic Therapy by Midkine Nanobody-Engineered Nanoparticles Remodels the Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Potentiates the Immunotherapy.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notorious for its resistance against chemotherapy and immunotherapy due to its dense desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) was also less effective for PDAC owing to poor selectivity, insufficient penetration, and accumulation of photosensitizers in tumor sites. Here, we designed a light-responsive novel nanoplatform targeting the TME of PDAC through tumor-specific midkine nanobodies (Nbs), which could efficiently deliver semiconducting polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to the TME of PDAC and locally produce abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) for precise photoimmunotherapy.

E2F7 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.

E2F transcription factors (E2Fs) are a family of transcription factors critical regulators of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and differentiation, thus influencing tumorigenesis. However, the specific roles of E2Fs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used.