MMP2 enzyme-responsive extracellular vesicles as dual-targeted carriers to promote the phagocytosis of macrophages.

Combination therapy using inhibition of tumor cell escape and alteration of the tumor microenvironment offers a new strategy for cancer treatment. This study aimed to develop an extracellular vesicle (EV) carrier that regulates tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment to achieve efficient tumor immunotherapy. The ligand modified on carriers targets the immune checkpoint CD47 protein, blocking tumor cell escape.

Remote physiological signal recovery with efficient spatio-temporal modeling.

Contactless physiological signal measurement has great applications in various fields, such as affective computing and health monitoring. Physiological measurements based on remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) are realized by capturing the weak periodic color changes. The changes are caused by the variation in the light absorption of skin surface during systole and diastole stages of a functioning heart.

Design and application of pneumatic rehabilitation glove system based on brain-computer interface.

Stroke has been the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. With the innovation of therapeutic schedules, its death rate has decreased significantly but still guides chronic movement disorders. Due to the lack of independent activities and minimum exercise standards, the traditional rehabilitation means of occupational therapy and constraint-induced movement therapy pose challenges in stroke patients with severe impairments.

Delivery of rapamycin by biomimetic peptide nanoparticles targeting oxidized low-density lipoprotein in atherosclerotic plaques.

Drug delivery systems based on biomimetic peptide nanoparticles are steadily gaining prominence in the treatment of diverse medical conditions. This study focused on the development of peptides that depend on ligand-receptor interactions to load rapamycin (RAPA). Furthermore, a multifunctional peptide was engineered to target oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) within atherosclerotic plaques, facilitating the localized delivery of RAPA.

Inhibition of platelet adhesion to exposed subendothelial collagen by steric hindrance with blocking peptide nanoparticles.

The inhibition of platelet adhesion to collagen in exposed vessels represents an innovative approach to the treatment of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. This study aimed to engineer peptide-based nanoparticles that prevent platelet binding to subendothelial collagen by engaging with collagen with high affinity. We examined the interactions between integrin α2/ glycoprotein VI/ von Willebrand factor A3 domain and collagen, as well as between the synthesized peptide nanoparticles and collagen, utilizing molecular dynamics simulations and empirical assays.

Synergistic D-Amino Acids Based Antimicrobial Cocktails Formulated via High-Throughput Screening and Machine Learning.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from pathogenic bacterial biofilms has become a global health issue while developing novel antimicrobials is inefficient and costly. Combining existing multiple drugs with enhanced efficacy and/or reduced toxicity may be a promising approach to treat AMR. D-amino acids mixtures coupled with antibiotics can provide new therapies for drug-resistance infection with reduced toxicity by lower drug dosage requirements.

Extracellular Electron Transfer in Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of 201 Stainless Steel by .

The microbiologically influenced corrosion of 201 stainless steel by was investigated via modulating the concentration of fumarate (electron acceptor) in the medium and constructing mutant strains induced by Δ. The ICP-MS and electrochemical tests showed that the presence of enhanced the degradation of the passive film; the lack of an electron acceptor further aggravated the effect and mainly affected the early stage of MIC. The electrochemical tests and atomic force microscopy characterization revealed that the ability of Δ to transfer electrons to the passive film was significantly reduced in the absence of the c-type cytochrome related to EET progress, leading to the lower corrosion rate of the steel.

Toward carbon neutrality in China: A national wide carbon flow tracing and the CO emission control strategies for CO-intensive industries.

Massive emission of CO as a potential driver of climate change has become a global issue presented in front of the whole human beings. Motivated by the CO cut-down requirement, China has aggressively undertaken restrictions aiming for peaking the carbon dioxide by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. However, due to the complex structures of industry and fossil fuel consumption in China, specific carbon neutrality route and the CO reduction potential are still open questions.

Enhanced transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect using ferromagnetic metal perforated with nanopore arrays.

Enhancement of transverse magneto-optical Kerr effects (T-MOKEs) based on surface plasmon resonance has attracted wide attention because of their high sensing performance. Most studies, however, mainly focus on prism-based magnetoplasmonic structures or architectures that incorporate a noble metal lattice and ferromagnetic layer, hindering device fabrication, miniaturization, and integration into a microfluidic sensing configuration. Herein, we propose a single CoAg ferromagnetic-metal layer perforated with a square nanopore array system with a pronounced T-MOKE magnitude 51 times higher than that of a smooth film, and with potential to detect gaseous analytes.

Rising of Dynamic Polyimide Materials: A Versatile Dielectric for Electrical and Electronic Applications.

Polyimides (PIs) are widely used in circuit components, electrical insulators, and power systems in modern electronic devices and large electrical appliances. Electrical/mechanical damage of materials are important factors that threaten reliability and service lifetime. Dynamic (self-healable, recyclable and degradable) PIs, a promising class of materials that successfully improve electrical/mechanical properties after damage, are anticipated to solve this issue.

Experimental Investigation of Temperature Influence on Nanoparticle Adhesion in an Artificial Blood Vessel.

Background: A good understanding of the adhesion behaviors of the nanocarriers in microvessels in chemo-hyperthermia synergistic therapy is conducive to nanocarrier design for targeted drug delivery.

Methods: In this study, we constructed an artificial blood vessel system using gelatins with a complete endothelial monolayer formed on the inner vessel wall. The numbers of adhered NPs under different conditions were measured, as well as the interaction forces between the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) ligands and endothelial cells.

Ligand-receptor interaction in the specific targeting of biomimetic peptide nanoparticles to lysophosphatidylcholine.

As nanotechnology is applied clinical medicine, nanoparticle-based therapy is emerging as a novel approach for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Ligand-receptor interaction affects the effectiveness of nanoparticle targeting therapy. In this study, the biomimetic peptide (BP-KFFVLK-WYKDGD) ligand specifically targeting the lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) receptor in atherosclerotic plaques was constructed.

Liesegang Phenomenon of Liquid Metals on Au Film.

Room temperature liquid metals (LM) such as gallium (Ga) own the potential to react with specific materials which would incubate new application categories. Here, diverse self-organized ring patterns due to nonequilibrium reaction-diffusion and spreading-limitation of Ga-based LM clusters on gold (Au) film are reported, among which diffusion is the controlling step and the self-limiting oxide layer plays the role of kinetic barrier. Such phenomena, classically known as the Liesegang rings, mainly occur in electrolyte media.

Dynamic Sustainable Polyimide Film Combining Hardness with Softness via a "Mimosa-Like" Bionic Strategy.

Dielectric polyimides (PIs) are ubiquitous as insulation in electrical power systems and electronic devices. Generally, dynamic polyimide is required to solve irreversible failure processes of electrical or mechanical damage, for example, under high temperature, pressure, and field strength. The challenge lies in the design of the molecular structure of rigid polyimide to achieve dynamic reversibility.

Integrating electronic structure regulation and dynamic active sites construction on NiCdS-Ni photocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution.

Regulating electronic structure and enriching active sites of photocatalysts are effective strategies to promote hydrogen evolution. Herein, a unique NiCdS-Ni photocatalyst, including the surface nickel (Ni) doping and atomic Ni anchoring sites, is successfully prepared by Ni ions exchange reaction (Ni+ CdS → NiCdS) and in-situ photo-induction of Ni(Ni+NiCdS→hνNiCdS-Ni), respectively. As to Ni doping, the Ni replaced cadmium (Cd) atoms introduce hybridized states around the Fermi level, modulating the electronic structure of adjacent S atoms and optimizing the photocatalytic activity of sulfur (S) atoms.

Shape-controllable and kinetically miscible Copper-Palladium bimetallic nanozymes with enhanced Fenton-like performance for biocatalysis.

Bimetallic nanozymes have been emerging as essential catalysts due to their unique physicochemical properties from the monometallics. However, the access to optimize catalytic performance is often limited by the thermodynamic immiscibility and also heterogeneity. Thus, we present a one-step coreduction strategy to prepare the miscible Cu-Pd bimetallic nanozymes with controllable shape and homogeneously alloyed structure.

Mechanisms of deformation and drug release of targeting polypeptides based on fibronectin induction.

Polypeptide nano-carriers with deformation and sustained-release function have gained an attention in anti-tumor treatment. A multifunctional polypeptide with different motifs was discussed and the contribution of each motif to targeted drug release was analyzed by control studies. The transformation and drug release processes of polypeptides were investigated by molecular dynamics method to reveal their dynamics mechanism, and corresponding experiments were performed to verify the simulation results.

Co-vitrification of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash and bottom slag: Glass detoxifying characteristics and porous reformation.

Safety and efficient dispose of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash with high toxicity has emerged as a worldwide challenge. Vitrification provides the advantages of capacity reduction, detoxification, and solidification of heavy metals, which has the potential to dispose of hazardous waste on a large scale. Herein, co-vitrification of MSWI fly ash and bottom slag has been accomplished based on the characteristics of calcium and silicon composition.

Matrine@chitosan-D-proline nanocapsules as antifouling agents with antibacterial properties and biofilm dispersibility in the marine environment.

Antifoulants are the most vital substances in antifouling coatings to prevent marine organisms from colonizing the undersea substrate surfaces. In addition to antibacterial performance, inhibition of biofilm formation is an important criterion for antifouling coatings. In this study, we synthesized pH-responsive matrine@chitosan-D-proline (Mat@CS-Pro) nanocapsules of about 280 nm with antibacterial properties and biofilm dispersibility.

Additive manufacturing of functionally graded porous titanium scaffolds for dental applications.

Graded porous titanium scaffolds are gaining increasing attention as dental implants due to their ability to mimic the mechanical and biological properties of human bone. In this study, we have developed titanium scaffolds with graded primitive structures with porosities of 50.7 %, 61.

The effect of riboflavin on the microbiologically influenced corrosion of pure iron by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.

The microbiologically influenced corrosion of pure iron was investigated in the presence of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 with various levels of exogenous riboflavin (RF) serving as electron shuttles for extracellular electron transfer (EET). With more RF available, a larger and denser phosphate layer was formed on the surface of pure iron by the bacteria. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization tests showed that the product layer provided good corrosion protection to the pure iron.

Estimation of the nucleation barrier in a multicomponent system with intermolecular potential.

The formation of a "critical nucleus" prior to phase change is a crucial step for new particle formation (NPF) in the atmosphere. However, the nucleation occurring below ∼1 nm is hard to observe directly. As an effective alternative, theoretical nucleation models have been widely studied.