Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems: 63. Synthesis of Two Chemically Tanned Gelatin-Based Cryostructurates and Evaluation of Their Potential as Scaffolds for Culturing of Mammalian Cells.

Various gelatin-containing gel materials are used as scaffolds for animal and human cell culturing within the fields of cell technologies and tissue engineering. Cryostructuring is a promising technique for the preparation of efficient macroporous scaffolds in biomedical applications. In the current study, two new gelatin-based cryostructurates were synthesized, their physicochemical properties and microstructure were evaluated, and their ability to serve as biocompatible scaffolds for mammalian cells culturing was tested.

[Bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy for polycystic kidney disease].

A clinical case of surgical treatment of a patient with autosomal dominant type of polycystic kidney disease, stage 5 of chronic kidney disease and secondary arterial hypertension is presented in the article. The technique of single-stage bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy, patented by the authors, is described. The practicability and safety of a simultaneous bilateral procedures was demonstrated, as well as the advantage of laparoscopic access for this type of surgical interventions.

Amianthoid transformation of costal cartilage matrix in children with pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum.

Background: It is unclear if amianthoid transformation (AT) of costal cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) has an impact on the development of pectus excavatum (PE) and pectus carinatum (PC).

Methods: AT foci were examined in intrasurgical biopsy specimens of costal cartilages of children (8-17 years old) with PE (n = 12) and PC (n = 12) and in age-matching autopsy control samples (n = 10) using histological and immunohistochemical staining, atomic force and nonlinear optical microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, morphometry and statistics.

Results: AT areas were identified in the costal cartilage ECM in children with normal chest, PE and PC.

[Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using a technology of augmented reality: new vector of the development of operative urology?].

Aim: to evaluate the efficiency and usefulness of augmented reality (AR) technology using HoloLens glasses for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).

Materials And Methods: From July to December 2019, a total of 5 patients with localized kidney cancer (cT1aN0M0) underwent AR-assisted LRP. The mean RENAL score was 6 points (5-8).

Development of Antimicrobial Therapy Methods to Overcome the Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii.

The spread of antibiotic resistance among pathogens represents a threat to human health around the world. In 2017, the World Health Organization published a list of 12 top-priority antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria for which new effective antibiotics or new ways of treating the infections caused by them are needed. This review focuses on , one of these top-priority pathogens.

Emergence of Five Genetic Lines ST395, ST13, ST3346, ST39, and Novel ST3551 of Multidrug-Resistant Clinical in Russia.

The objective of this study was phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antibacterial-resistant clinical strains isolated in Moscow Transplantology Intensive Care Unit in 2017-2019. Major strains among ( = 63) isolated from 30 patients were recognized as extensive drug-resistant ( = 55) pathogens, and remaining strains were recognized as multidrug-resistant ( = 8) pathogens. The beta-lactamase genes ( = 63), ( = 61), ( = 54), ( = 52), and ( = 2), as well as class 1 integrons ( = 19) carried gene cassette arrays A4 ( = 2), A1C ( = 6), BA1 ( = 9), A15A1 ( = 3), and A12 ( = 1) were identified in the strains.

[Initial experience of renal autotransplantation in a child with ureteric rupture secondary to abdominal blunt trauma].

A 8-year-old child with multiple skeletal injuries after car accident is presented in the article. Extensive right-sided urohematoma with impaired kidney function was diagnosed after 15 days. External drainage of urohematoma, ureteroscopy and examination of the right kidney were consecutively performed within 1.

Haemodynamic evaluation of the new pulsatile-flow generation method in vitro.

Continuous-flow ventricular-assist devices are widely used to support patients with advanced heart failure, because continuous-flow ventricular-assist devices are more durable, have smaller sizes and have better survival rates for patients compared to the pulsatile-flow ventricular-assist devices. Nevertheless, continuous-flow ventricular-assist devices often cause complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, haemorrhagic stroke, and aortic insufficiency and have a negative impact on the microcirculation for both long-time implantable and short-time extracorporeal systems. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the pulsatile-flow generation method in continuous-flow ventricular-assist device without pump speed changes.

R Open Source Programming Code for Calculation of the Kidney Donor Profile Index and Kidney Donor Risk Index.

Background: The Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) and Kidney Donor Risk Index (KDRI) were developed by the United States Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN). They may influence the clinical decision whether to accept or discard a donor kidney, but still there are debates about KDPI/KDRI applicability and its consequences. To further evaluate these indexes in different populations, more data should be analyzed, and a universally applicable program code would facilitate it.

[Enteral tube feeding in adult patients with cystic fibrosis and respiratory failure].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of nocturnal hyperalimentation in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and respiratory failure.

Subjects And Methods: The investigation enrolled 17 patients older than 18 years (mean age, 25.6±4.

Formation of Tissue-Engineered Construct of Human Cartilage Tissue in a Flow-Through Bioreactor.

We performed culturing of a cell-engineered construct of human cartilage tissue consisting of biopolymer microstructured collagen-containing hydrogel, human adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells, and induction chondrogenic culture medium in a specially designed flow-through bioreactor. On day 16 of the experiment, human adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells acquired flattened shape typical for chondroblasts, demonstrated high proliferative activity, and formed extracellular matrix. The observed histological changes in the cultured system attested to the beginning of the formation of a tissue-engineered construct of human cartilage tissue.

An instrumental approach to combining confocal microspectroscopy and 3D scanning probe nanotomography.

In the past decade correlative microscopy, which combines the potentials of different types of high-resolution microscopies with a variety of optical microspectroscopy techniques, has been attracting increasing attention in material science and biological research. One of outstanding solutions in this area is the combination of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), which provides data on not only the topography, but also the spatial distribution of a wide range of physical properties (elasticity, conductivity, etc.), with ultramicrotomy, allowing 3D multiparametric examination of materials.

Global Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes of Reduced GFR.

The burden of premature death and health loss from ESRD is well described. Less is known regarding the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to reduced GFR. We estimated the prevalence of reduced GFR categories 3, 4, and 5 (not on RRT) for 188 countries at six time points from 1990 to 2013.

Child and Adolescent Health From 1990 to 2015: Findings From the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2015 Study.

Importance: Comprehensive and timely monitoring of disease burden in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is essential for improving population health.

Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of mortality and nonfatal health outcomes among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2015 to provide a framework for policy discussion.

Evidence Review: Cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes were analyzed for 195 countries and territories by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2015 using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling, with subsequent analysis of the findings to describe levels and trends across geography and time among children and adolescents 19 years or younger.

A novel design of a scanning probe microscope integrated with an ultramicrotome for serial block-face nanotomography.

We present a new concept of a combined scanning probe microscope (SPM)/ultramicrotome apparatus. It enables "slice-and-view" scanning probe nanotomography measurements and 3D reconstruction of the bulk sample nanostructure from series of SPM images after consecutive ultrathin sections. The sample is fixed on a flat XYZ scanning piezostage mounted on the ultramicrotome arm.

Engineering of Optically Encoded Microbeads with FRET-Free Spatially Separated Quantum-Dot Layers for Multiplexed Assays.

Quantum dot (QD) encoded microbeads are emerging for multiplexed analysis of biological markers. The quantitative encoding of microbeads prepared with different concentrations of QDs of different colors suffers from resonance energy transfer from the QDs fluorescing at shorter wavelengths to the QDs fluorescing at longer wavelengths. Here, we used the layer-by-layer deposition technique to spatially separate QDs of different colors with several polymer layers so that the distance between them would be larger than the Förster energy transfer radius.

[The relationship of level of transforming growth factor beta 1 with liver fibrosis in children with congenital diseases of hepatobilliary system.].

The article considers results of studying level of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in blood plasma of children with terminal stage of hepatic failure before and after transplantation of liver. The relationship of level of cytokine with degree of of liver fibrosis is analyzed. It is demonstrated that level of TGF-β1 in blood plasma of children with hepatic failure is lower in comparison with healthy children and depends on degree of severity of liver fibrosis.

[Evaluation of markers for renal graft dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation and simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation].

Aim: To study the markers of renal graft dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) after kidney transplantation (KT) and simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT).

Subjects And Methods: The investigation enrolled 20 patients after successful SPKT and 41 patients after KT (of them 21 received continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with an insulin doser; 20 had multiple insulin injections). The periods after KT and SPKT at patient inclusion were 8 (7; 8) and 11 (8; 18) months, respectively.

Hemodialysis practice patterns in the Russia Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS), with international comparisons.

Introduction: There is little comparable information about hemodialysis (HD) practices in low- and middle income countries, including Russia. Evaluation of HD in Russia and its international comparisons could highlight factors providing opportunities for improvement.

Methods: We examined treatment patterns for 481 prevalent HD patients in 20 Russian facilities, and compared them to contemporary data for 8512 patients from 311 facilities in seven European countries, Japan, and North America.

3D printing of PLGA scaffolds for tissue engineering.

We proposed a novel method of generation of bioresorbable polymeric scaffolds with specified architectonics for tissue engineering using extrusion three-dimensional (3D) printing with solutions of polylactoglycolide in tetraglycol with their subsequent solidifying in aqueous medium. On the basis of 3D computer models, we obtained the matrix structures with interconnected system of pores ranging in size from 0.5 to 500 µm.

Renal replacement therapy in Europe: a summary of the 2013 ERA-EDTA Registry Annual Report with a focus on diabetes mellitus.

Background: This article provides a summary of the 2013 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry Annual Report (available at http://www.era-edta-reg.org), with a focus on patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) as the cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk in six regions of the world (ISN-KDDC): a cross-sectional study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease is an important cause of global mortality and morbidity. Data for epidemiological features of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors are limited for low-income and middle-income countries. The International Society of Nephrology's Kidney Disease Data Center (ISN-KDDC) aimed to assess the prevalence and awareness of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors, and to investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease, in countries of low and middle income.

New Silk Fibroin-Based Bioresorbable Microcarriers.

We fabricated bioresorbable microcarriers from water solution of Bombyx mori silk fi broin. The microcarriers are 3D structures with intricate surface and pores allowing penetration of culture medium, gas exchange, and cell adhesion. Fibroin molecules form hydrophobic structures and normally have a negative charge, which stimulates migration, but inhibits cell adhesion and makes it less effective.

Global and National Burden of Diseases and Injuries Among Children and Adolescents Between 1990 and 2013: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease 2013 Study.

Importance: The literature focuses on mortality among children younger than 5 years. Comparable information on nonfatal health outcomes among these children and the fatal and nonfatal burden of diseases and injuries among older children and adolescents is scarce.

Objective: To determine levels and trends in the fatal and nonfatal burden of diseases and injuries among younger children (aged <5 years), older children (aged 5-9 years), and adolescents (aged 10-19 years) between 1990 and 2013 in 188 countries from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2013 study.