Renal endometriosis: A benign disease with malignant presentation.

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder in which endometrial tissue is located outside the uterine cavity. Urinary tract involvement by endometriosis is uncommon. Renal endometriosis is a rare disorder and is not evident on imaging.

Orbital relapse in children treated for Pre-B ALL, a retrospective case series.

About 85-90% of children with B-cell leukaemia are cured. If relapse occurs it is usually in the bone marrow (BM), followed by extramedullary sites. Ocular lesions occur secondary to the accumulation of circulating blasts in the uvea, optic disc, intra-ocular tissue as well as fluid.

Changing trends in surgical management for acute cholecystitis, in light of Tokyo guidelines - 14 year experience.

Objective: To look for trends in surgical management of acute cholecystitis and compare the outcomes of patients with severe condition.

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to December 2016, and comprised data of adult patients who underwent cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2014. Record of patients from 2001 to 2007 was designated in Group-1 while Group-II covered period between 2008 and 2014.