Tiotropium bromide suppresses smoke inhalation and burn injury-induced ERK 1/2 and SMAD 2/3 signaling in sheep bronchial submucosal glands.

The effects of tiotropium bromide on ERK 1/2, SMAD 2/3 and NFκB signaling in bronchial submucosal gland (SMG) cells of sheep after smoke inhalation and burn injury (S + B) were studied. We hypothesized that tiotropium would modify intracellular signaling processes within SMG cells after injury. Bronchial tissues were obtained from uninjured (sham, n = 6), S + B injured sheep 48 h after injury (n = 6), and injured sheep nebulized with tiotropium (n = 6).

Effect of bronchodilators on bronchial gland cell proliferation after inhalation and burn injury in sheep.

The objective of this study is to measure the temporal changes in bronchial submucosal gland (SMG) cell proliferation in sheep after smoke inhalation and burn (S+B) injury, and to assess the effect of bronchodilators on the proliferative response. Archived main bronchial airways from sheep after S+B injury were immunostained for Ki67, and the percentage of ciliated duct and SMG cells expressing nuclear localization of Ki67 was determined for uninjured sheep and in sheep 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after injury. A semiquantitative measure of lining epithelial exfoliation was made for each tissue.

Upper airway mucus deposition in lung tissue of burn trauma victims.

Previous study in an ovine model of smoke inhalation and burn (S + B) injury has shown distal migration of upper airway mucus. This study examines the localization of an upper airway gland specific mucus, mucin 5B (MUC5B) in lung autopsy tissues of burn-only injury and in victims of S + B injury. We hypothesize that victims with S + B injury would exhibit increased distal migration of MUC5B than that seen in victims of burn-only injury.

Growth hormone effects on hypertrophic scar formation: a randomized controlled trial of 62 burned children.

The hypercatabolism after massive pediatric burns has been effectively treated with recombinant human growth hormone, an anabolic agent that stimulates protein synthesis and abrogates growth arrest. While experimental studies have shown increased potential for fibrosis induced by growth hormone therapy, adverse effects on human scars have not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate hypertrophic scar formation in 62 patients randomized to receive injections of 0.

An approach to the timely treatment of acute stress disorder.

A convergent postburn psychopharmacologic treatment for children for acute stress disorder (ASD) symptoms has not been established. Both the application of what has been learned through treatment of similar symptoms experienced by adults with posttraumatic stress disorder and the examination of safe treatment options for children led to the clinical decision to use imipramine for 25 pediatric patients with acute burns. The treatment histories of these patients were retrospectively reviewed to see if further exploration into the efficacy of imipramine was warranted.

Outcome of scalp donor sites in 450 consecutive pediatric burn patients.

The scalp is a useful and reliable donor site in pediatric burn patients that can be multiply harvested with minimal morbidity. Healing complications, however, may include alopecia and chronic folliculitis. To investigate scalp donor-site morbidity, a consecutive series of 2478 pediatric burn patients treated over a 10-year period were reviewed.