Comparing skills-based and lecture-based education on female adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding menstrual health in puberty: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Improving the health knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of female adolescents during puberty is essential for their well-being, empowerment, and prospects. To compare the effects of skills-based versus lecture-based education on KAP regarding menstrual health among adolescent girls in Gujarat, India.

Materials And Methods: A quasi-experimental study with 100 girls aged 12-16 years assigned to skills-based (n = 50) or lecture-based (n = 50) 8-week puberty education programs.

An evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, practice, and associated factors regarding oxygen therapy among resident doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Despite oxygen therapy guidelines, suboptimal practices prevail among front-line resident doctors, highlighting knowledge and attitudinal barriers. Mixed-methods research can inform tailored quality improvements. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of resident doctors regarding oxygen therapy, determine associated factors quantitatively, and explore experiences, barriers, and enablers qualitatively.

Improving diabetes self-management and control through individualized patient counseling: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases, affecting a large proportion of the global population. This study aims to evaluate the effects of individualized patient counseling on diabetes self-management.

Materials And Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a non-randomized two-arm pre-post design.

Trial by fire: The qualitative essence of interns' baptism into medical responsibility.

Background: The transition from medical student to intern represents a challenging period of professional and personal development. This study aimed to explore junior doctors' experiences navigating this critical passage.

Materials And Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted on a junior intern doctor working in a tertiary care hospital, in Gujarat.

Gripping insights: prevalence of hypertension and its association with relative muscle strength-a cross-sectional study in an adult Indian population.

Background: Hypertension and muscle strength are known to be associated; however, identifying simple clinical indicators of this relationship is challenging. Relative muscle strength (RMS), defined as strength per unit muscle mass, has been proposed as a potential indicator, but its association with hypertension is unclear. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and determine its association with RMS in an adult Indian population attending a tertiary care center in Gujarat.

Impact of maternal thyroid dysfunction on fetal and maternal outcomes in pregnancy: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy can adversely impact maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the association between thyroid status and specific adverse outcomes needs clarity, especially in understudied regions.

Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to illuminate the multifaceted associations between maternal thyroid dysfunction and feto-maternal outcomes in Gujarat, India.

Exploring the silent epidemic: investigating the hidden burden of normal weight obesity in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in India - a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Normal Weight Obesity (NWO) and evaluate its association with cardiometabolic risk factors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Gujarat, India.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 432 adults with T2DM attending a Non-Communicable Disease clinic. Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance, and clinical parameters were assessed.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis predicts prehypertension and hypertension: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Hypertension prediction using anthropometry and bioimpedance offers practical advantages for screening. We aimed to analyze various anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance (BIA) estimates as predictive markers of prehypertension and hypertension.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 432 adult participants recruited from the medicine outpatient department of a tertiary hospital.

An emerging, less explored Subcutaneous onlay laparoscopic approach for ventral hernias with concomitant diastasis recti.

Ventral Hernia (VH) is a common issue in patients with Diastasis Recti (DR). VH with concomitant DR presents a challenging scenario for surgical repair due to complexity of abdominal wall defects. Traditional open surgical procedure is associated with prolonged discomfort and poor cosmesis and resultant patients' unacceptability.

Prognostic significance of eosinophil-to-platelet ratio and C-reactive protein in predicting adverse events during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A comprehensive observational study.

Background: Biomarkers like sarcopenia, eosinopenia and C-reactive protein (CRP) may predict major adverse events including intubation, ICU admission, mortality and readmission in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. We aimed to determine their prognostic utility and accuracy.

Methods: This was a prospective analysis of COPD patients hospitalised for acute exacerbation over one year.

Audit of risk factors of drug-sensitive, drug-resistant tuberculosis disease, a case-control study of patients registered under NTEP, Gujarat.

Background: Characterizing risk factors for drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is critical to guide targeted interventions in high-burden settings like India. We aimed to identify socioeconomic, lifestyle, and clinical factors associated with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB acquisition.

Materials And Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study recruited 350 bacteriologically confirmed TB patients registered under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) in Gujarat, India, and 300 matched participants without active/past TB.

Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and sociocultural factors influencing cervical cancer screening and vaccination among women in rural communities of Gujarat: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality among women in India. Screening can help in early detection and improve outcomes. However, uptake remains low, especially in rural areas.

Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Receiving Oral Appliance Therapy.

Background: A frequent sleep condition linked to considerable morbidity and death is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is not the only noninvasive treatment option for OSA. Another option is oral appliance therapy (OAT).

Prevalence of normal weight obesity and its cardiometabolic implications among government doctors in Gujarat, India: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Obesity is rising globally. Normal weight obesity (NWO) and normal weight central obesity (NWCO) despite normal BMI pose added metabolic risks. Limited data on these phenotypes among Indian doctors merits investigation.

Identifying gaps in maternal knowledge and care-seeking for neonatal health: A mixed methods study in rural pregnant women.

Background: Knowledge of neonatal danger signs is crucial for timely care-seeking and improved newborn survival. This study assessed this knowledge among pregnant women in rural western Gujarat.

Materials And Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted among 390 pregnant women selected through a two-stage sampling procedure.

Associations between smartphone addiction, parenting styles, and mental well-being among adolescents aged 15-19 years in Gujarat, India.

Background: The pervasive use of smartphones among adolescents has raised concerns about addiction and its impact on mental well-being. This study investigates the prevalence of smartphone addiction and its associations with socio-demographic factors, parenting styles, and mental health among Indian adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 560 school-going adolescents (aged 15-19) in Gujarat, India, from January to October 2023.

A study on evaluation and correlation of serological methods and platelet count for diagnosis of dengue virus infection.

Background Objectives: Dengue is arthropod-borne, acute potentially fatal viral infection, endemic in many tropical and sub-tropical countries having public health threat globally in recent era. Effective and prompt diagnosis is very essential to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with severe form. Diagnosis by dengue-specific markers like Non-Structural protein 1 antigen or IgM/IgG antibody by serological method is the choice of investigation and the most widely used non-specific biomarker is platelet count.

Prevalence and predictors of loneliness and its association with health-seeking behaviors among the elderly population, Gujarat, A community-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and predictors of loneliness and its associations with health behaviors among elderly adults in Gujarat, India.

Methodology: This community-based cross-sectional study included 250 participants aged ≥60 years. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale.

Unravelling the obesity maze in diabetic patients: A comparative analysis of classification methods.

Background: Obesity is a significant health concern among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence suggests that alternative measures, such as abdominal girth (AG) and body fat percentage (BF%), can provide a more accurate reflection of obesity-related metabolic risks in diabetic populations. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of different obesity classification methods, including BMI, AG, and BF%, among individuals with T2DM.

Multimorbidity, health Literacy, and quality of life among older adults in an urban slum in India: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: India is experiencing a rising burden of chronic disease multimorbidity due to an aging population and epidemiological transition. Older adults residing in urban slums are especially vulnerable due to challenges in managing multimorbidity amid deprived living conditions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of multimorbidity, associated health literacy, and quality of life impact in this population.

Exploring Patterns of Medication Usage in Affective Disorder Patients: A Comprehensive Investigation at a Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction: Affective disorders impose a significant burden on public health due to their high prevalence and associated suffering. This study addresses gaps in current literature and clinical practice by providing insights into medication usage trends, which can inform treatment strategies and optimize patient care. The study aims to investigate drug utilization patterns, particularly focusing on defined daily dose/1000/day, among individuals attending a psychiatric outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital.

Investigating the Prevalence and Predictors of Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in Gujarat, India.

Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is a major public health concern that contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Treatment of hypertension prevents and reduces cardiovascular morbidity, notably a 40% reduction in risk of stroke and a 15% reduction in risk of myocardial infarction. Understanding the prevalence and predictors of uncontrolled hypertension is crucial for developing targeted interventions.