Experimentally Validated QSAR Model for Surface p Prediction of Heterolipids Having Potential as Delivery Materials for Nucleic Acid Therapeutics.

The application of lipid-based drug delivery technologies for bioavailability enhancement of drugs has led to many successful products in the market for clinical use. Recent studies on amine-containing heterolipid-based synthetic vectors for delivery of siRNA have witnessed the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) approval of the first siRNA drug in the year 2018. The studies on various synthetic lipids investigated for delivery of such nucleic acid therapeutics have revealed that the surface p of the constructed nanoparticles plays an important role.

Lupus Vulgaris in Darker Skin: Dermoscopic and Histopathologic Incongruity.

Introduction: Lupus Vulgaris (LV) is the chronic, progressive, tissue destructive form of cutaneous tuberculosis. LV should be diagnosed and treated to prevent scaring and deformities. Histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis.

Suppression of poised oncogenes by ZMYND8 promotes chemo-sensitization.

The major challenge in chemotherapy lies in the gain of therapeutic resistance properties of cancer cells. The relatively small fraction of chemo-resistant cancer cells outgrows and are responsible for tumor relapse, with acquired invasiveness and stemness. We demonstrate that zinc-finger MYND type-8 (ZMYND8), a putative chromatin reader, suppresses stemness, drug resistance, and tumor-promoting genes, which are hallmarks of cancer.

Anatomical Variations of the Suprascapular Notch and its Importance in Suprascapular Entrapment Neuropathy.

Anatomical knowledge about the suprascapular notch is very important in understanding the risk of suprascapular nerve entrapment syndrome. Suprascapular nerve injuries have become commonly recognized as a cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. This study aimed to describe the morphometrical influence of the suprascapular notch on the course of the suprascapular nerve.

Target Fishing of Calactin, Calotropin and Calotoxin Using Reverse Pharmacophore Screening and Consensus Inverse Docking Approach.

Background: The anticancer properties of natural products calactin, calotropin and calotoxin are well established. However, the mechanisms of their action are unclear and the molecular targets pertinent to them are not detailed. In this study, potential anti-cancer targets of these compounds have been identified using reverse screening approaches that may provide valuable insights into anticancer drug development.

Low oxygen microenvironment and cardiovascular remodeling: Role of dual L/N.type Ca channel blocker.

Objective: Patients exposed to chronic sustained hypoxia frequently develop cardiovascular disease risk factors to ultimately succumb to adverse cardiovascular events. In this context, the present study intends to assess the role of cilnidipine (Cil), a unique calcium channel blocker that blocks both L-type and N-type calcium channels, on cardiovascular pathophysiology in face of chronic sustained hypoxia exposure.

Materials And Methods: The study involved Wistar strain albino rats.

Hypoxia and its preconditioning on cardiac and vascular remodelling in experimental animals.

Since oxygen (O) is indispensable for mammalian life, every cell in the body is endowed with mechanisms to detect and to respond to changes in the O levels in the microenvironment. The heart and the brain are the two most vital, life-supporting organs requiring a continuous supply of O to sustain their high metabolic rate. On being challenged with hypoxia, maintenance of O supply to these organs even at the cost of others becomes a priority.

A Randomized Control Trial of 3 IU IV Oxytocin Bolus with 7 IU Oxytocin Infusion versus 10 IU Oxytocin Infusion During Cesarean Section for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Purpose: Oxytocin is the preferred choice for prophylaxis and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. Intravenous infusion has been a widely accepted route for Oxytocin administration. However, intravenous bolus route is not a readily preferred route due to apprehensions regarding hypotension that it may cause.

Menstrual Morbidities, Menstrual Hygiene, Cultural Practices during Menstruation, and WASH Practices at Schools in Adolescent Girls of North Karnataka, India: A Cross-Sectional Prospective Study.

Background: Issues of menstrual morbidities, menstrual hygiene, and cultural practices are rarely discussed by adolescents. The burden of menstruation and cultural practices which the adolescent girls have to face has been less quantified. This study aims to assess the issues related to menstruation in school girls.

Antenatal Dexamethasone for Early Preterm Birth in Low-Resource Countries.

Background: The safety and efficacy of antenatal glucocorticoids in women in low-resource countries who are at risk for preterm birth are uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a multicountry, randomized trial involving pregnant women between 26 weeks 0 days and 33 weeks 6 days of gestation who were at risk for preterm birth. The participants were assigned to intramuscular dexamethasone or identical placebo.

Neurological consequences of COVID-19: what have we learned and where do we go from here?

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented worldwide health crisis. COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a highly infectious pathogen that is genetically similar to SARS-CoV. Similar to other recent coronavirus outbreaks, including SARS and MERS, SARS-CoV-2 infected patients typically present with fever, dry cough, fatigue, and lower respiratory system dysfunction, including high rates of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, a rapidly accumulating set of clinical studies revealed atypical symptoms of COVID-19 that involve neurological signs, including headaches, anosmia, nausea, dysgeusia, damage to respiratory centers, and cerebral infarction.

Effectiveness of yoga on arterial stiffness: A systematic review.

Objectives: Arterial stiffness is a major cardiovascular (CV) risk and an independent strong predictor of CV morbidity and mortality. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the clinical or interventional studies that assessed the effectiveness of yoga on arterial stiffness in participants of any age or sex, healthy or with any conditions.

Design: Systematic review of clinical trials or interventional studies.

Structure-based drug repurposing for targeting Nsp9 replicase and spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Drug re-purposing might be a fast and efficient way of drug development against the novel coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We applied a bioinformatics approach using molecular dynamics and docking to identify FDA-approved drugs that can be re-purposed to potentially inhibit the non-structural protein 9 (Nsp9) replicase and spike proteins in SARS-CoV-2. We performed virtual screening of FDA-approved compounds, including antiviral, anti-malarial, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-tuberculosis, and active phytochemicals against the Nsp9 replicase and spike proteins.

Analysis on diagnosing diabetic retinopathy by segmenting blood vessels, optic disc and retinal abnormalities.

The main intention of mass screening programmes for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is to detect and diagnose the disorder earlier than it leads to vision loss. Automated analysis of retinal images has the likelihood to improve the efficacy of screening programmes when compared over the manual image analysis. This article plans to develop a framework for the detection of DR from the retinal fundus images using three evaluations based on optic disc, blood vessels and retinal abnormalities.

Can new, improvised Visual Prostate Symptom Score replace the International Prostate Symptom Score? Indian perspective.

Introduction: Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) was introduced to overcome the drawbacks of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). However, this score also has potential for improvement.

Materials And Methods: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of VPSS in patients with benign enlarged prostate (BEP) after uroflowmetric validation of the stream component.

Comparative analysis of "APTT vs RVVT" based activated protein C resistance assay in the diagnosis of Factor V Leiden mutation.

Background: Thrombophilia is a hypercoagulable state characterized by increased venous thrombosis. The most common cause of heritable thrombophilia is Factor V Leiden (FVR506Q) homozygous state, with a relative risk of 10-80 times as compared to normal individuals and Lupus anticoagulant is the most common cause of acquired thrombophilia. The main objective of this study is to compare the sensitivity of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) vs dilute Russell viper venom test (DRVVT) based APCR assays with predilution in Factor V-deficient plasma for diagnosis of Factor V Leiden mutation.

Quantitative mast cell analysis and hormone receptor study (ER, PR and HER2/neu) in invasive carcinoma of breast.

Context: Breast cancer constitutes nearly one third of cancers among women. Immune responses caused by neoplastic cells lead to the accumulation of inflammatory cells like mast cells (MCs), macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells around the tumor tissue forming the tumor microenvironment.

Aim: The study aims at quantifying the role of MCs in different grades of invasive carcinoma of breast with respect to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2/neu).

Seroprevalence of Rubella Virus-specific Antibodies in Women and the Diagnostic Efficacy of Enzyme-linked Immunoassay and Rapid Immunochromatographic Tests.

Introduction Rubella is an infectious disease caused by the Rubella virus. The disease was previously called German measles and is transmitted through respiratory aerosols. Rubella causes both clinical and subclinical infections in children and young adults.

A Translucent Yellow-brown Papule on the Nose.

The adult counterpart of juvenile xanthogranuloma is a relatively uncommon and although benign, the condition is not self-regressing as the juvenile form. Hence, surgical management becomes necessary. Herein we describe the characteristic clinical, dermoscopic and histological features of a solitary xanthogranuloma in a 35 year old male that was effectively managed surgically and present to the readers as a quiz.

Nickel and Oxidative Stress: Cell Signaling Mechanisms and Protective Role of Vitamin C.

Background: Nickel activates the signaling pathways through the oxygen sensing mechanism and the signaling cascades that control hypoxia-inducible transcriptional gene expressions through oxidative stress. This review emphasizes on the recent updates of nickel toxicities on oxidant and antioxidant balance, molecular interaction of nickel and its signal transduction through low oxygen microenvironment in the in-vivo physiological system.

Discussion: Nickel alters intracellular chemical microenvironment by increasing ionized calcium concentration, lipid peroxidation, cyclooxygenase, constitutive nitric oxide synthase, leukotriene B4, prostaglandin E2, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-α, caspases, complement activation, heat shock protein 70 kDa and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α.

Surgical Excision with Rotational Flap Reconstruction for Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma in Xeroderma Pigmentosa: A Case Report.

Xeroderma pigmentosa (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by a defect in nucleotide excision repair of DNA following exposure to UV radiation. This leads to hypersensitivity to sunlight causing pigmented skin lesions, photophobia and a 1000-fold increase in risk of developing cutaneous malignancies like basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and melanomas of head and neck. We present an interesting case of a 28 year old man with basosquamous cell carcinoma secondary to XP treated successfully with surgical excision and reconstruction with rotational flap technique.