Novel Frostbite Cooling Device for Real-time Assessment and Prevention of Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) affects 29%-68% of patients undergoing anticancer treatments within the first month. Traditional cryotherapy methods, such as frozen gloves, can pose risks. This study evaluates the cool-water electric circulation seat (CECS), which maintains a constant 15°C, as a safer alternative.

Tenapanor: A novel therapeutic agent for dialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia.

Patients on dialysis often develop hyperphosphatemia, contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Currently, several types of phosphate binders (PBs) exist for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia, but they are sometimes associated with drug-specific side effects and high pill burden, making it difficult to control serum phosphorus appropriately. Tenapanor, which has a novel mechanism to reduce serum phosphorus via selective sodium/proton exchange transporter 3 inhibition, was approved for hyperphosphatemia in Japan in 2023.

Clinical features and pathological findings by liver biopsy in patients with immune-related sclerosing cholangitis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune-related sclerosing cholangitis (irSC) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is relatively rare, and its clinical and pathological features are not well known.

Aims: We aimed to compare the clinical course and pathological findings of irSC with those of non-irSC liver injury.

Methods: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 2416 patients with advanced malignancies treated with ICIs between September 2014 and October 2023.

SMTP-44D alleviates diabetic retinopathy by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in in vivo and in vitro models.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults, and inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to DR development. However, no effective treatments are currently approved for DR. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of SMTP-44D-a Stachybotrys microspora-derived compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties-on DR in in vivo and in vitro models.

Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorption Therapy in Patients With Sepsis: A Feasibility Study.

Background: The pathogenesis of sepsis is thought to be linked to a dysregulated immune response, particularly that involving neutrophils. We have developed a granulocyte adsorption column as a "decoy organ," which relocates the massive inflammation in organs in the body to a blood purification column. This study was conducted to assess the safety and experimental effectiveness of granulocyte monocyte adsorption apheresis-direct hemoperfusion (G1-DHP) in the treatment of patients with sepsis, using a prospective, multicenter design.

Arteriolar Elasticity Measurement in the Fingertip Based on Photoplethysmographic Volume-Oscillometry: A New Approach to the Assessment of Vasomotor Functions in the Microvasculature.

Purpose: Dysfunction of vasomotor reactions due to arteriolar smooth muscle causes serious adverse events, such as loss of hemodynamic coherence. This in turn can increase risks of cardiovascular-related diseases. A noninvasive and quantitative evaluation of microvascular disorder is therefore very important for early diagnosis and treatment.

Post-transplant TKIs for Ph+ ALL: practices to date and clinical significance.

Post-transplant tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show promise in preventing relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL). However, their real-world use and efficacy remain unclear. A comprehensive study across seven centers included Ph+ALL patients who underwent allo-HCT between 2002 and 2022.

Population pharmacokinetic model of tranexamic acid in patients who undergo cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Purpose: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used as an antifibrinolytic drug. However, studies to determine the optimal blood concentration of TXA have produced inconsistent results. During cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has serious effects on drug distribution, elimination, and plasma concentration.

2024 Update of the Japan College of Rheumatology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis - secondary publication.

Objectives: To update the Japan College of Rheumatology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis (CPG for RA).

Methods: The recommendations were developed based on the evidence published until the end of June 2022 using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). The steering committee, CPG panel, systematic review (SR) group, and SR support team were organised.

Impact of meropenem exposure on fluoroquinolone and carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in inpatients in a Japanese university hospital: Insights into oprD mutations and efflux pump overexpression.

Objectives: In Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, emerging meropenem resistance beyond imipenem resistance has become a problem. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the in vivo acquisition of antimicrobial resistance in fluoroquinolone- and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and exposure to antimicrobial agents.

Association between the gene polymorphism-determined earwax properties and external auditory canal microbiota in healthy adults.

Unlabelled: The concept of genome-microbiome interactions, in which the microenvironment determined by host genetic polymorphisms regulates the local microbiota, is important in the pathogenesis of human disease. In otolaryngology, the resident bacterial microbiota is reportedly altered in non-infectious ear diseases, such as otitis media pearls and exudative otitis media. We hypothesized that a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11 () gene, which determines earwax properties, regulates the ear canal microbiota.

Ultrasensitive Specific Detection of Anti-influenza A H1N1 Hemagglutinin Monoclonal Antibody Using Silicon Nanowire Field Effect Biosensors.

Rapid and sensitive detection of virus-related antigens and antibodies is crucial for controlling sudden seasonal epidemics and monitoring neutralizing antibody levels after vaccination. However, conventional detection methods still face challenges related to compatibility with rapid, highly sensitive, and compact detection apparatus. In this work, we developed a Si nanowire (SiNW)-based field-effect biosensor by precisely controlling the process conditions to achieve the required electrical properties via complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible nanofabrication processes.

O-GlcNAc glycans in the mammalian extracellular environment.

Extracellular O-GlcNAc is a unique post-translational modification that occurs in the epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) domain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. The EGF domain-specific O-GlcNAc transferase (EOGT), catalyzes the transfer of O-GlcNAc to serine/threonine residues of the C-terminal EGF domain. Thus, EOGT-dependent O-GlcNAc modifications are mainly found in selective proteins that are localized in the extracellular spaces or extracellular regions of membrane proteins.

Indocyanine green dyed gauze-guided minimum invasive surgery for anatomical landmarks and preventing gauze remnants: a pilot study.

Purpose: We aimed to develop a novel fluorescent surgical gauze dyed with indocyanine green (ICG) to guide surgeons to the target anatomical destination during surgery for real-time navigation and to prevent gauze remnants after surgery.

Methods: Surgical gauze was dyed with an aqueous solution of ICG (5.0 × 10 mol L for Steraze, 1.

Renoprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a protocol for a systematic review.

Introduction: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble vitamin-like quinone. The plasma levels of CoQ10 are reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CoQ10 supplementation can improve mitochondrial function and decrease oxidative stress in these patients.

A Case Report on an Unknown Etiology Disorder of Consciousness Following Extubation Despite Thorough Evaluation.

Postoperative disorders of consciousness can arise from various factors, making diagnosis challenging. This report presents a case of a disorder of consciousness that occurred after awakening from general anesthesia, in which various examinations including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were conducted, but the cause could not be identified. A man in his 60s with a history of hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage underwent revision total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia for a left periprosthetic hip fracture.

Corticosteroid therapy and long-term outcomes in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between corticosteroid therapy and long-term outcomes in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at diagnosis.

Methods And Results: This study conducted a analysis of the ILLUstration of the Management and prognosIs of JapaNese PATiEnts with Cardiac Sarcoidosis, a retrospective multicentre registry. Cardiac sarcoidosis was diagnosed based on the 2016 Japanese Circulation Society and 2014 Heart Rhythm Society criteria.

Plasma amyloid-β precursor protein /amyloid-β ratio is associated with cognition in Alzheimer's disease.

Plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) markers are significant predictors of Aβ pathology. However, their prognostic value for cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unknown. We compared plasma amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) and Aβ levels between cognitively unimpaired participants (CU) and those with MCI due to AD and AD dementia.

Proline enhances the hepatic induction of lipogenic gene expression in male hepatic fasn reporter mice.

Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is increased by both carbohydrate intake and protein consumption. In hepatic fat synthesis, a key role is played by the induction of the hepatic expression of lipogenic genes, including Fasn, Scd1, and Srebf1. Regarding carbohydrate intake, increased blood glucose and insulin levels promote the expression of hepatic lipogenic genes.

Evaluation of the risk factors for postoperative pectus excavatum and scoliosis in cystic lung disease.

Purpose: To analyze the frequency and predictive factors of the development of postoperative pectus excavatum and scoliosis in children who underwent surgery for cystic lung disease.

Methods: This study examined patients who underwent surgery for cystic lung disease (open and thoracoscopic) between July 2000 and December 2018 with a > 3-year follow-up period. Lesion size, surgical outcomes, and subsequent musculoskeletal complications were compared between the open surgery and thoracoscopic surgery groups.

Effectiveness for remission maintenance rate and safety of different rituximab regimens for treating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in Japan: a J-CANVAS study.

Rituximab (RTX) has been reported to effectively maintain remission in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). In this multicenter study involving 57 patients who achieved remission after 24 weeks, we evaluated the effectiveness of RTX in maintaining remission in patients with AAV. Patients were divided into three groups based on RTX administration: continuous, induction phase-only, and maintenance phase-only groups.

Evolutionarily Developed Alternatively Spliced Exons Containing Translation Initiation Sites.

Alternative splicing is essential for the generation of various protein isoforms that are involved in cell differentiation and tissue development. In addition to internal coding exons, alternative splicing affects the exons with translation initiation codons; however, little is known about these exons. Here, we performed a systematic classification of human alternative exons using coding information.

In Vitro Selection of Collagen-Binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Containing Genetically Encoded Mussel-Inspired Adhesive Amino Acids.

Protein immobilization technology is important in medical and industrial applications. We previously reported all-in-one in vitro selection, wherein a collagen-binding vascular endothelial growth factor (CB-VEGF) was identified from a fusion library of random and VEGF sequences. However, its interaction chemistry is mainly limited to the interaction established by the 20 canonical amino acids.