Depression and Generalized Anxiety as Long-Term Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 in Iraqi Kurdistan.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with a variety of psychiatric symptoms. However, COVID-19's association with psychiatric symptoms after the acute illness phase is not fully understood. Thus, this study sought to examine symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety and associated factors in the period following COVID-19 infection.

A case report of rare granular cell tumor of the urinary bladder.

Granular cell tumors (GCT) are uncommon tumors that originate in any part of the body. They have been mainly observed in the skin and soft tissue of the head and neck, and are mostly benign tumors. Urinary bladder GCT are extremely rare tumors.

Contrast Induced Nephropathy: Efficacy of matched hydration and forced diuresis for prevention in patients with impaired renal function undergoing coronary procedures-CINEMA trial.

Background: Matched hydration and forced diuresis (MHFD) using the RenalGuard device has been shown to reduce contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) following coronary interventions.

Aim: To evaluate the potential benefits of a non-automated MHFD protocol compared to current hydration protocol in prevention of CIN in patients with CKD.

Methods: A total of 1,205 patients were randomized to either non-automated MHFD group (n = 799) or intravenous hydration control group (n = 406).

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal among Iraqi Kurdish population.

Objectives: Vaccination is one of the most significant public health achievements of humanity. However, a significant portion of the population remains hesitant about vaccine safety, efficacy, and necessity. This study aimed to determine COVID-19 vaccination intention and factors affecting their decision among the general population in the Kurdistan region, Iraq.

Progressive Nephron Loss in Aging Kidneys: Clinical-Structural Associations Investigated by Two Anatomical Methods.

Two major studies of structural changes associated with aging in human kidneys are reviewed and new information presented. The studies are the Monash University stereologically analyzed series of 319 autopsy kidneys from the United States in which 44% were white and the Mayo Clinic CT angiogram/biopsy analysis of 1,388 US kidney donors in which 97% were white. Hypertension rates in the Monash series were 48% and included moderate and severe hypertension.

Incidence of glomerulonephritis and non-diabetic end-stage renal disease in a developing middle-east region near armed conflict.

Background: Estimates of the incidence of glomerulonephritis (GN) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in an Iraqi population are compared with the United States (US) and Jordan.

Methods: The study set consist of renal biopsies performed in 2012 and 2013 in the Kurdish provinces of Northern Iraq. The age specific and age standardized incidence of GN was calculated from the 2011 population.

Breast cancer in Iraq is associated with a unimodally distributed predominance of luminal type B over luminal type A surrogates from young to old age.

Background: Breast cancer has recently increased in post-menopausal Iraqi women. In Western countries at high-risk for breast cancer, there is a bimodal increase in estrogen receptor (ER) positive tumors with a peak of low proliferation rate luminal A over higher proliferation rate luminal B tumors after 60 years of age. The aim of this study was to analyze in Iraqi women whether shifts are occurring in immunohistochemical (IHC) surrogates of molecular breast cancer subtypes toward a high-risk profile.

Acute kidney injury associated with androgenic steroids and nutritional supplements in bodybuilders(†).

Four bodybuilders who injected anabolic steroids and ingested commercial protein (78-104 g/day) and creatine (15 g/day) products presented with serum creatinine levels between 229.84 and 335.92 µmol/L (2.

Eosinophilic granulomatous gastrointestinal and hepatic abscesses attributable to basidiobolomycosis and fasciolias: a simultaneous emergence in Iraqi Kurdistan.

Background: Deep eosinophilic granulomatous abscesses, as distinguished from eosinophilic subcutaneous abscesses, are rare. Most reports are from the Far-East and India where the most commonly attributed cause is Toxocara. Sulaimaniyah in Northeastern Iraq has experienced an outbreak of eosinophilic granulomatous liver and gastrointestinal (GI) abscesses beginning in 2009.

A novel missense mutation in the CLCN7 gene linked to benign autosomal dominant osteopetrosis: a case series.

Introduction: Osteopetrosis is a rare inherited genetic disease characterized by sclerosis of the skeleton. The absence or malfunction of osteoclasts is found to be strongly associated with the disease evolution. Currently, four clinically distinct forms of the disease have been recognized: the infantile autosomal recessive osteopetrosis, the malignant and the intermediate forms, and autosomal dominant osteopetrosis, type I and type II forms.

A population-based study of Kurdish breast cancer in northern Iraq: hormone receptor and HER2 status. A comparison with Arabic women and United States SEER data.

Background: Hormone receptor (HR) and HER2 expression predict the therapeutic response and prognosis of breast cancer. In the Middle-East, breast cancer is diagnosed at a young age, and Arabic women are reported to have a low frequency of HR positive tumors. This study investigates HR and HER2 expression among Kurdish and Arabic women.

Breast cancer in Kurdish women of northern Iraq: incidence, clinical stage, and case control analysis of parity and family risk.

Background: Breast cancer in the Middle-East occurs in relatively young women and frequently presents as advanced disease. A protective effect of multiparity is not apparent, and high familial risk is reported in some countries. This study investigates breast cancer rates and clinical stage related to age in the Kurdish region of Iraq and evaluates risk associated with parity and family history.