Advances in CRISPR-Cas systems for kidney diseases.

Recent advances in CRISPR-Cas systems have revolutionised the study and treatment of kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), lupus nephritis (LN), and polycystic kidney disease (PKD). CRISPR-Cas technology offers precise and versatile tools for genetic modification in monogenic kidney disorders such as PKD and Alport syndrome. Recent advances in CRISPR technology have also shown promise in addressing other kidney diseases like AKI, CKD, and DKD.

Poly Lactic Co-glycolic Acid d-α-tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate Fabricated Polyethylene Glycol Hybrid Nanoparticles of Imatinib Mesylate for the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Aims: This study aimed to develop Imatinib Mesylate (IMT)-loaded Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA)-D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)- Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hybrid nanoparticles (CSLHNPs) with optimized physicochemical properties for targeted delivery to glioblastoma multiforme.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most destructive type of brain tumor with several complications. Currently, most treatments for drug delivery for this disease face challenges due to the poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) and lack of site-specific delivery.

Bioanalysis, Analysis, Chemistry, and Pharmacological Aspects of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors.

The development of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors (HIFPHIs), such as Roxadustat (ROX), Enarodustat (ENA), Desidustat (DES), Vadadustat (VAD), Molidustat (MOL), and Daprodustat (DAP), has significant effects on anemia in chronic kidney disease. This review presents comprehensive information about the synthesis, pharmacology, and analysis of HIF-PHIs across several matrices. The literature has presented several approaches for quantifying HIF-PHIs in diverse sample matrices.

Investigations Reveals Potential Cytotoxic Activity of Fermentation Metabolites from Actinomycetes Isolated from Lonar Soda Lake Against HeLa Cancer Cell Lines.

Background: Actinomycetes, Gram-positive bacteria, are recognized for producing bioactive metabolites. Lonar Soda Lake, an alkaline ecosystem, hosts diverse actinomycetes with possible anticancer activities.

Aim: To assess the cytotoxic potential of fermentation metabolites from actinomycetes isolated from Lonar Soda Lake against HeLa cancer cells employing and methods.

Insulin for oral bone tissue engineering: a review on innovations in targeted insulin-loaded nanocarrier scaffold.

The occurrence of oral bone tissue degeneration and bone defects by osteoporosis, tooth extraction, obesity, trauma, and periodontitis are major challenges for clinicians. Traditional bone regeneration methods often come with limitations such as donor site morbidity, limitation of special shape, inflammation, and resorption of the implanted bone. The treatment oriented with biomimetic bone materials has achieved significant attention recently.

Targeting H3N2 influenza: advancements in treatment and vaccine strategies.

Introduction: The emergence of the H3N2 influenza virus in 1968 marked a significant event as it crossed the species barrier. This shift led to a pandemic, resulting in the deaths of one million people globally and highlighting the virus's severe impact on older individuals due to antigenic drift.

Area Covered: This review comprehensively examines the virological characteristics, evolutionary trends, and global epidemiology of the Influenza A (H3N2) virus.

Mupirocin-Doped α-Cellulose Nanopaper for Wound Dressing: Development, In Vitro Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies.

This research aimed to develop a mupirocin-doped α-cellulose nanopaper (MDAC-NP) as a wound dressing to accelerate wound healing while limiting localized bacterial growth. The α-cellulose nanofibrils suspension was prepared by ultrasonication followed by microfluidization and subsequently doped with 0.05% w/v mupirocin to prepare nanopaper (MDAC-NP-A).

Dendrimer-mediated proton sponge effect in the treatment of pulmonary acidosis.

The present study aimed to synthesize tiotropium bromide (TIO)-loaded generation 5 polyamidoamine dendrimers (TIO-PAMAM-G5-DMs) using a solvent-free microwave assisted synthesis (MAS) for the treatment of pulmonary acidosis, a condition associated with decreased blood pH due to bronchoconstriction. The encapsulation of TIO into PAMAM-G5-DMs was achieved using MAS Michael addition and amidation reactions, following green chemistry principles. The DMs demonstrated particle size of 460.

Fabrication of lactoferrin-chitosan-etoposide nanoparticles with melatonin via carbodiimide coupling: In-vitro & in-vivo evaluation for colon cancer.

This study presents the development of melatonin-coated lactoferrin-chitosan nanoparticles (ETP-CS-LF-MLT-NPs) using ionic gelation and carbodiimide coupling for colorectal cancer treatment. The nanoparticles were characterized by an average size of 208.7 ± 1.

Structure activity relationship for anticancer activities of spirooxindole derivatives: A comprehensive review.

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, necessitating the continuous search for novel therapeutic agents. Spirooxindole derivatives have recently emerged as a class of compounds with significant potential for cancer treatment owing to their diverse pharmacological activities and unique structural features. The structural diversity of spirooxindole derivatives enables a wide range of modifications, facilitating optimization of their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.

Pathological role of RAGE underlying progression of various diseases: its potential as biomarker and therapeutic target.

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multi-ligand receptor with several structural types, performing a myriad of molecular mechanisms. The RAGE-ligand interactions play important roles in maintaining latent chronic inflammation, and oxidative damage underlying various pathological conditions like metabolic syndrome (MetS), neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, cardiovascular disorders, pulmonary disorders, cancer and infections. RAGE is thoroughly explored in knockout animals and human trials, targeted by small molecule inhibitors, peptides, diet, and natural compounds.

Chitosan nanoparticles of imatinib mesylate coated with TPGS for the treatment of colon cancer: In-vivo & in-vitro studies.

The study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan-based nanoparticles coated with TPGS for the targeted delivery of imatinib mesylate to colon cancer cells. Particle size and zeta potential analysis were within the acceptable range for targeting colon cancer. CS-IMT-TPGS-NPs had a significant positive zeta potential of 30.

Aiding Clinical Decision-Making at the Individual and Community Level Using Mobile Sensor Data: Study Protocol for an Experimental Design.

Background Mobile sensor data can provide vital information about patients' behavior and physical activity. In particular, the mobile accelerometer sensor data, if monitored effectively, can be used further for keeping watch on the physical activity of an individual and planning an intervention to improve it. These sensor data can also be used for improving clinical decision-making in sedentary lifestyle-related diseases.

Insights on therapeutic approaches of natural anti-Alzheimer's agents in the management of Alzheimer's disease: A future perspective.

In the current scenario, Alzheimer's disease is a complex, challenging, and arduous health issue, and its prevalence, together with comorbidities, is accelerating around the universe. Alzheimer's disease is becoming a primary concern that significantly impacts an individual's status in life. The traditional treatment of Alzheimer's disease includes some synthetic drugs, which have numerous dangerous side effects, a high risk of recurrence, lower bioavailability, and limited treatment.

Dermal drug delivery bilosomes: a synergistic integration for better therapeutic outcomes.

The dermal route is commonly used to deliver the drugs at the targeted site and achieve maximum therapeutic efficacy. The stratum corneum, the uppermost layer of the skin, presents a significant diffusional barrier for most drugs. Various nanoformulations face challenges such as limited drug absorption and inadequate retention at the targeted site, frequently hindering therapeutic efficacy.

Azelaic acid-based lyotropic liquid crystals gel for acne vulgaris: Formulation optimization, antimicrobial activity and dermatopharmacokinetic study.

The proposed study aimed to develop a topical gel containing azelaic acid (AZA)-based lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) for the treatment of acne vulgaris. AZA-based LLCs were optimized by varying Poloxamer-407 and polyvinyl alcohol concentration using a central composite design, which showed that both independent variables had a significant effect on the formulation. The highest desirable trial of AZA-based LLCs (Batch-7) containing 300 mg poloxamer-407 and 100 mg polyvinyl alcohol depicted the particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of 184.

Formulation optimization of chitosan surface coated solid lipid nanoparticles of griseofulvin: A Box-Behnken design and in vivo pharmacokinetic study.

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are becoming increasingly favored for their robust biocompatibility and their capacity to enhance drug solubility, particularly for drugs with limited water solubility. This study delves into the effectiveness of the hot melt sonication technique in fabricating SLNs with high drug loading capabilities and sustained release characteristics. Griseofulvin (GF), chosen as a representative drug due to its poor water solubility, was encapsulated into SLNs composed of stearic acid.

Neuroprotective effect of chelidonic acid through oxidative stress reduction in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats.

The present study evaluated the effect of chelidonic acid on paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in male Wistar rats. Neuropathy was induced by administering paclitaxel (2 mg/kg, i.p.

Considerations and Challenges to Develop Drug-drug Coamorphous System: A Recent Update.

Poor water solubility of several drugs, especially BCS class II and IV drugs, restricts their dissolution and negatively affects oral absorption. Amorphization of drugs is a year-old approach to enhance solubility and dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs. Polymeric amorphous systems have been proven effective but have disadvantages, such as low drug loading, high carrier content, etc.

Computational and experimental analysis of Luteolin-β-cyclodextrin supramolecular complexes: Insights into conformational dynamics and phase solubility.

Investigating the structural stability of poorly-soluble luteolin (LuT) after encapsulation within cyclodextrins (CDs) is crucial for unlocking the therapeutic potential of LuT bioactive molecule. Herein, native and modified β-CD were employed to investigate LuT inclusion complex formation. Molecular mechanics (MM) and quantum mechanics (QM) were utilized for structural dynamics analysis.

Emerging drug delivery systems to alter tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment: Overcoming the challenges in immunotherapy for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly proliferative, lethal cancer of the brain. The median survival at eight months is ca. 6.

Enhancing Ketoprofen Solubility: A Strategic Approach Using Solid Dispersion and Response Surface Methodology.

Background: In the pharmaceutical sciences, the solubility profile of therapeutic molecules is crucial for identifying and formulating drugs and evaluating their quality across the drug discovery pipeline based on factors like oral bioavailability, metabolic transformation, biodistribution kinetics, and potential toxicological implications. The investigation aims to enhance the solubility parameters of ketoprofen (BCS-II class), which exhibits low solubility and high permeability.

Methods: In this method, hydrotrope blends of aromatic sodium benzoate and electrolyte sodium acetate were employed to enhance the solubility parameter of ketoprofen.

Strategies for transportation of peptides across the skin for treatment of multiple diseases.

An established view in genetic engineering dictates an increase in the discovery of therapeutic peptides to enable the treatment of multiple diseases. The use of hypodermic needle for delivery of proteins and peptides occurs due to the hydrophilic nature, sensitivity toward proteolytic enzymes and high molecular weight. The non-invasive nature of the transdermal delivery technique offers multiple advantages over the invasive route to release drugs directly into the systemic circulation to enhance bioavailability, better patient compliance, reduced toxicity and local irritability.

Recent Advancements in the Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Targeting RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase of SARS-CoV-2.

This study aimed to undertake a complete evaluation and analysis of all known data on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors, concentrating on their safety, efficacy, and current improvements in the delivery of therapeutic drugs targeting RdRp of SARS-CoV-2. The work has attempted to emphasise the necessity for future research into the development of nanocarrier-based targeted drug delivery methods for RdRp inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19. In December 2019, a novel SARS-- CoV-2 strain was discovered in Wuhan, China.