An experimental EEG study of brain activities underlying the Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is an audio-visual phenomenon that has recently become popular. Many people have reported experiencing a tingling-like sensation through their body while watching audio/video clips known as ASMR clips. People capable of having such experiences have also reported improved overall well-being and feeling relaxed.

Characteristics and recovery trends of severe TBI patients with a favorable functional outcome at 6-month follow-up.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a devastating cause of death and disability. Outcomes following TBI have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been given to identifying characteristics of individuals who have a favorable outcome following severe TBI. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a database containing information on TBI patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center between 2015 and 2021.

Development of a simple prediction model for tracheostomy requirement after surgical resection of medulloblastoma in children.

Objective: Postoperative tracheostomy is a significant complication following medulloblastoma (MB) resection. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for postoperative tracheostomy requirement in children undergoing MB surgical resection. This model was derived as a side product of a larger research project analyzing surgical outcomes in pediatric MB patients.

Impact of Tissue Factor Gene Knockout on Coagulation Properties of Umbilical Cord-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells.

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) refer to a population of stem cells that exhibit distinct progenitor cell characteristics including the potential for differentiation into a wide range of cell types. MSCs have become a promising candidate for cell therapy and tissue regeneration due to their unique properties, such as their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types, their capacity for expansion, self-renewal, and immune-regulatory effects. However, reports have brought attention to thrombosis-related complications associated with MSCs therapy in the last decade.

The impact of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by metabolic processes and intracellular signaling pathways on chemo-resistance, metastasis, and recurrence in solid tumors.

The intricate cellular process, known as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), significantly influences solid tumors development. Changes in cell shape, metabolism, and gene expression linked to EMT facilitate tumor cell invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. So, a better understanding of the intricate processes underlying EMT and its role in tumor growth may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of solid tumors.

Characteristics and outcome of patients requiring Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: a retrospective analysis.

Brain swelling after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can elevate intracranial pressure, necessitating Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) as the preferred surgical intervention. This study aimed to analyze a large institutional database to identify clinical characteristics of patients requiring primary DC and their outcomes. We reviewed TBI patients admitted to our center from 2015 to 2021, utilizing a prospectively maintained registry.

Schizophrenia Etiological Factors and Their Correlation with the Imbalance of the Immune System: An Update.

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder associated with a dysregulation of the immune system. Immune-related genes and environmental factors including stress, food, infections, and microbiota, alter the immune system's homeostasis and play a role in SZ pathogenesis. The most distinctive feature in the pathophysiology of the disease is a shift in the T helper 1(Th1)/Th2 balance toward Th2 dominance in the immune system.

In Vitro differentiation of hair-follicle bulge stem cells into synaptophysin-expressing neurons: a potential new approach for neuro-regeneration.

Stem cells, particularly bulge hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs), have recently attracted significant interest due to their potential for tissue repair and regeneration. These cells, marked by their expression of Nestin (a neural stem cell marker), suggest the possibility of neural differentiation into neurons. This study investigated the use of retinoic acid (RA) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) to induce HFSC transformation into mature neurons, identified by synaptophysin expression.

Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training improves two executive functions: Cognitive flexibility and information updating after traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often causes persistent deficits in cognitive flexibility and information updating. Cognitive flexibility refers to the brain's ability to adjust its thinking and behavior in response to changing circumstances, whereas information updating is the process of incorporating new facts into current knowledge. Both cognitive flexibility and information updating are critical components of executive function, and their impairment can have a major influence on a person's capacity to operate independently and adjust to life's problems following a TBI.

Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research Applications for Female Infertility-Mechanisms, Efficacy Parameters, Challenges and Future Roadmap.

Infertility affects approximately 15-20% of couples globally, with female factors contributing to nearly half of cases. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, tubal damage and premature ovarian failure are leading causes of female infertility. Current treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF) have limitations and risks.

Posterior-Only Approach for Management of Complete Posterior Displaced Type II Odontoid Fracture.

Odontoid fracture (OF) is one of the most common spinal fractures. Type II in D'Alonzo's classification is still the most common and should be considered unstable unless proven otherwise. Thus, surgical stabilization has received significant attention.

Fusing convolutional learning and attention-based Bi-LSTM networks for early Alzheimer's diagnosis from EEG signals towards IoMT.

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is poised to play a pivotal role in future medical support systems, enabling pervasive health monitoring in smart cities. Alzheimer's disease (AD) afflicts millions globally, and this paper explores the potential of electroencephalogram (EEG) data in addressing this challenge. We propose the Convolutional Learning Attention-Bidirectional Time-Aware Long-Short-Term Memory (CL-ATBiLSTM) model, a deep learning approach designed to classify different AD phases through EEG data analysis.

The Effects of L-Tartaric Acid on Ovarian Histostereological and Serum Hormonal Analysis in an Animal Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-related reproductive disorder in women of reproductive age, accompanied by both the impairment of female fecundity and a risk of metabolic disorders. PCOS is emphasized as a worldwide concern due to its unknown etiology and lack of specific medications. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of L-tartaric acid, an abundantly occurring compound in fruits, on the histostereological and hormonal changes caused by PCOS.

Designing an Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Voltammetry for Measurement of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin.

Background: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a polypeptide hormone synthesized during pregnancy and is also upregulated in some pathologic conditions such as certain tumors. Its measurement is essential for diagnosing pregnancy and malignancies. Despite numerous attempts to introduce an accurate method capable of detecting hCG levels, several limitations are found in previous techniques.

Therapeutic prospects of microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive overview.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory joint damage. Recent studies have focused on the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of RA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a potential therapeutic option for RA based on their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties.

The Growth Inhibitory Effect of Resveratrol and Gallic Acid on Prostate Cancer Cell Lines through the Alteration of Oxidative Stress Balance: The Interplay between , and Genes.

Background: The association between oxidative stress and prostate cancer (PC) has been demonstrated both epidemiologically and experimentally. Balance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels depends on multiple factors, such as the expression of , and genes. Natural polyphenols, such as resveratrol (RSV) and gallic acid (GA), affect cellular oxidative profiles.

Early hypocoagulable state in traumatic brain injury patients: incidence, predisposing factors, and outcomes in a retrospective cohort study.

Coagulopathy development in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the significant complications that can negatively affect the clinical course and outcome of TBI patients. Timely identification of this complication is of utmost importance in the acute clinical setting. We reviewed TBI patients admitted to our trauma center from 2015 to 2021.

Revolutionizing type 1 diabetes management: Exploring oral insulin and adjunctive treatments.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Insulin pumps or injections are the standard treatment options for this condition. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the several type 1 diabetes treatment options, focusing on oral insulin.

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Focus on Biomarkers for Screening.

Oral cancer is a malignant neoplasia that can originate in the oral cavity or lips. It is a serious global health problem and one of the ten most common cancers worldwide. Over the years, changes in the trends of the oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers have been observed.

2- to 20-year myelomeningocele follow-up outcomes from a referral center in Southern Iran: the Shiraz experience.

Background: The current convention for treatment of children with myelomeningocele (MMC) is timely surgical intervention combined with long-term follow-up by a multidisciplinary specialized team. This study aims to investigate the outcomes of MMC patients treated at Namazi Hospital.

Methods: All children presenting to Namazi Hospital with myelomeningocele between May 2001 and August 2020 were eligible for this study.