Occupational radiation dose on the hand of assisting medical staff in diagnostic CT scans.

Chronic radiation exposure increases the risk of skin damage of medical personnel engaged in radiology. However, hand dose measurements in computed tomography (CT) for diagnostic purposes have not been evaluated. The occupational radiation dose to the hands of CT assistants was herein investigated to evaluate its compliance with the equivalent dose limit for the hand (500 mSv/year).

Total colectomy for poorly controlled hypokalaemia due to Gitelman syndrome.

Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive tubulopathy caused by dysfunction of the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter, which leads to hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesaemia and hypocalciuria. Patients with GS show varied clinical features due to hypokalaemia: tetany, muscle weakness, periodical paralysis and constipation, which is one of the most frequent ones. This paper presents the case of a woman in her 40s referred to our endocrinology department for severe hypokalaemia.

Current Trends in the Surgical Management of Intramedullary Tumors: A Multicenter Study of 1,033 Patients by the Neurospinal Society of Japan.

Objective: We performed a retrospective observational study to demonstrate the surgical risks and long-term prognoses of intramedullary tumors in Japan using a multicenter registry authorized by the Neurospinal Society of Japan.

Methods: Data from 1,033 consecutive patients with intramedullary tumors, treated between 2009 and 2020, were collected from 58 centers. Patients with spinal lipomas or myxopapillary ependymomas were excluded.

Effect of active vitamin D treatment on development of type 2 diabetes: DPVD randomised controlled trial in Japanese population.

Objective: To assess whether eldecalcitol, an active vitamin D analogue, can reduce the development of type 2 diabetes among adults with impaired glucose tolerance.

Design: Double blinded, multicentre, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Setting: Three hospitals in Japan, between June 2013 and August 2019.

Triple-negative expression (ALDH1A1-/CD133-/mutant p53-) cases in lung adenocarcinoma had a good prognosis.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major contributors to the malignant transformation of cells because of their capacity for self-renewal. Aldehyde dehydrogenase1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 are promising candidate of CSC markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, TP53 is frequently mutated in lung cancer, and the loss of its function is associated with malignant characteristics.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Cerebral Large Vessel Occlusions Involving a Cerebral Aneurysm in the Target Vessel.

Objective: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute cerebral large vessel occlusion (LVO), which involves a cerebral aneurysm in the target vessel, indicates a risk of rupture of the aneurysm. Safety of the MT for LVO involving cerebral aneurysm was examined.

Methods: In all, 240 consecutive patients with LVO were treated with MT between January 2018 and December 2019.

Carotid Artery Stenting for Carotid Arterial Fibromuscular Dysplasia Evaluated Vascular Wall Structure Using Optical Coherence Tomography: A Case Report.

Objective: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is often diagnosed based on angiography. However, it is difficult to distinguish from vasculitis by angiography. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the detailed intravascular findings of lesions in FMD using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Development of adoptive immunotherapy with KK-LC-1-specific TCR-transduced γδT cells against lung cancer cells.

The present study analyzed the antitumor effect of γδT cells transduced with the TCR of cancer-specific CTLs to establish forceful cancer-specific adoptive immunotherapy. We cloned the TCRαβ genes from CTLs showing HLA-B15 restricted recognition of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1), a cancer/germline gene antigen, identified in a lung adenocarcinoma case (F1121). The TCRαβ and CD8 genes were transduced into γδT cells induced from PBLs of healthy volunteers stimulated with zoledronate and IL-2.

Preoperative elevated FDP may predict severe intraoperative hypotension after dural opening during decompressive craniectomy of traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: Coagulation disorder and intraoperative hypotension are representative complications of traumatic brain injury which cause worse perioperative outcome. The aim of this study was to survey the relation of coagulation disorder and intraoperative hypotension (IH) during decompressive craniectomy.

Method: Patients who underwent emergency decompressive craniectomy due to traumatic brain injury were retrospectively surveyed.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Anterior Arch Fracture of the Atlas Following C1 Laminectomy Without Fusion.

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter study.

Objective: To identify the incidence of anterior arch fracture (AAF) of the atlas following C1 (first cervical vertebra) laminectomy without fusion, and its risk factors.

Summary Of Background Data: C1 laminectomy without fusion is a widely accepted surgical procedure performed to decompress the spinal cord that is compromised at the C1/C2 level, but without instability.

The Clinical Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers ALDH1A1 and CD133 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background/aim: Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 have been identified as markers of cancer stem cells (CSCs). We investigated the expression of these markers and their clinical significance in lung adenocarcinoma.

Materials And Methods: An immunohistochemical analysis of ALDH1A1 and CD133 expression of 92 lung adenocarcinomas was performed.

Calcifying giant cell cardiomyopathy: a possible new entity: Images in Cardiovascular Pathology.

We demonstrated an extremely unusual case of an 83-year-old male's sudden death secondary to characteristic myocardial necrosis and fibrosis with calcification and multinucleated giant cells infiltration, possibly due to sepsis and Stage IV pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma-induced cachexia after postmortem study. We propose that this calcifying giant cell cardiomyopathy (CGC) would be a new entity especially from the pathological viewpoints and should be considered in the classification of noninfectious myocarditis. Further prospective studies are needed to validate the presence and significance of CGC and the association with any triggers of somewhat microvascular dysfunction and/or toxic agents, after collecting and investigating a larger number of CGC cases examined.

[Collection of DICOM RDSR (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine, Radiation Dose Structured Report) Information Aimed at Reducing Patient Exposure Dose].

The recent progress in angiography technology bestows benefits on patients for minimally invasive than surgery, while there has been an increase in the number of cases involving stochastic effects, such as radiation dermatitis, resulting from upgrading of the procedure because of an extension of the time for fluoroscopy and the number of shots. Recent CT equipment saves the dose data along with image data about the information management for patient exposure dose, which is used for management of individual cumulative dose and the presumed effective dose, using digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM). We extracted detailed information about shooting conditions and dose from the DICOM radiation dose structured report (DICOM RDSR) in the angiography area, and evaluated the trend of patient exposure dose in each procedure.