Head-to-head comparison among FAST, MAST, and multiparametric MRI-based new score in diagnosing at-risk MASH.

Objectives: New scores were developed to identify at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) using multiparametric MRI (mpMRI).

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 176 patients with suspected or diagnosed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) paired with an MR scan, vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), and liver biopsy. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and mpMRI-based corrected T1 (cT1) were combined to develop a one-step strategy, named MPcT (MRE + PDFF + cT1, combined score), and a two-step strategy-MRE-based LSM followed by PDFF with cT1 (M-PcT, paired score) for diagnosing at-risk MASH.

Accumulation of ether phospholipids in induced pluripotent stem cells and oligodendrocyte-lineage cells established from patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome.

Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy characterized by ichthyosis, intellectual disability, and progressive spastic paralysis caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the ALDH3A2 gene that encodes the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase, fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH); FALDH catalyzes several metabolic reactions involved in fatty aldehyde oxidation. Only a few studies have been performed to determine the lipid profile of patients with SLS. In a previous postmortem study of the brain of a 65-year-old patient with SLS, lipidomic analysis revealed an accumulation of long-chain unsaturated ether lipid species in the white matter and gray matter.

Pemafibrate for treating MASLD complicated by hypertriglyceridaemia: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, now known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a phenotype of the metabolic syndrome in the liver and is clearly associated with metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia. Although the prevalence of MASLD is increasing worldwide, there is currently no consensus on the efficacy and safety of the drugs used to treat MASLD/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha modulator, was designed to have higher peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alfa (PPARα) agonist activity and selectivity than existing PPARα agonists, and in development trials, without increasing creatinine levels, lipid parameters and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly improved.

Relevance of Lumbar Subcutaneous Edema and Local Lordosis.

Lumbar subcutaneous edema (LSE) is sometimes found within the deep subcutaneous or perifascial tissue on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) via short-tau inversion recovery or fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging. It is more likely to occur in older patients and those with obesity. However, no studies have focused on the association between LSE and local alignment.

Effects of ipragliflozin on skeletal muscle adiposity in patients with diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Objective Myosteatosis affects the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and may be a potential therapeutic target. This study aimed to examine the effects of ipragliflozin on myosteatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and MASLD. Methods Patients were treated with ipragliflozin (IPR group) or a control (CTR group) for 72 weeks in a randomized trial.

The new proposal of the relationship between axial pain and hinge fracture and facet involvement after open-door laminoplasty with titanium spacers.

Study Design: This was a retrospective, observational study.

Objectives: Postoperative axial pain (AP) is a well-known complication of cervical posterior surgery. It can be caused by various reasons, but the etiology remains unclear.

The AOFOG recommendations on human papillomavirus vaccination in the Asia-Pacific region.

Cervical cancer remains a disease burden in Asia. The Asia and Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology envisages a need to produce a set of recommendations on the implementation of human papilloma virus vaccination program for both lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs), with an attempt to harmonize the practices yet allow flexibility to cater for different cultures, religions, needs and background of individual countries/cities. International guidelines and literature were sought, and recommendations were made in seven selected areas, including (i) the target groups for vaccination, (ii) the doses of vaccination including the use of single-dose vaccination, (iii) the types of vaccines, (iv) suggestions for special populations including those with previous HPV infection, human immunodeficiency virus carriers, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer group, (v) inter-changeability and the need of revaccination/booster, (vi) novel technologies and vaccines, and (vii) public education.

Comparison of the imaging performance of time-of-flight MRA and ultrashort echo time MRA in flow diverters: A phantom study.

Objective: Flow diverters (FD) are innovative treatments for wide-neck intracranial aneurysms. After-treatment verification of embolization and parent vessel patency is crucial. While evaluation using time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) is useful, it suffers from signal loss within the FD due to susceptibility effects.

Intra-abdominal Abscess Caused by Mycobacteroides abscessus in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient: A Case Report.

A 57-year-old man was diagnosed with peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis 2 months after surgery for tunnel infection (TI) caused by Mycobacteroides abscessus (M. abscessus). The patient was treated with multiple antibiotics, and the cell count in the PD effluent decreased.

A Handheld Ultrasound Device Can Predict Constipation with Rectal Fecal Retention in a Palliative Care Setting.

Although handheld ultrasound devices (HUDs) are commonplace, their ability to diagnose fecal retention (FR) remains unclear. This prospective observational study examined HUDs' usefulness in diagnosing FR in patients with constipation in a palliative care setting. Between 10 December 2020 and 30 June 2022, we compared rectal ultrasonographic findings obtained using HUDs with clinical manifestations in 64 males and 70 females (48%, 52%, 68 ± 11 years old) with constipation who had undergone computed tomography (CT).

Cervical cancer screening efficacy using SurePath, ThinPrep and conventional cytology: A large data set analysis from the Japan Cancer Society.

Objective: Over the past decade, liquid-based cytology has replaced conventional cytology for cervical cancer screening in many countries, including Japan. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of liquid-based cytology using a large database and compare two major liquid-based cytology platforms, SurePath and ThinPrep, to conventional cytology.

Methods: Cervical cancer screening data were collected from the Japan Cancer Society between 2015 and 2019.

Effects of early surgery for cervical fracture dislocation on 30-day mortality using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database.

Study Design: Retrospective study of data abstracted from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of surgery in the early phase.

Overview Of Literature: The optimal timing of surgery for cervical fracture dislocation (CFD) remains unclear because only a few clinical studies with approximately 100 patients have been published.

Multi-modal evaluation of respiratory diaphragm motion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using MRI series and CT images.

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airflow limitation and breathing difficulty, is usually caused by prolonged inhalation of toxic substances or long-term smoking habits. Some abnormal features of COPD can be observed using medical imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to conduct a multi-modal analysis of COPD, focusing on assessing respiratory diaphragm motion using MRI series in conjunction with low attenuation volume (LAV) data derived from CT images.

Mapping Atrial Fibrillation Drivers.

Understanding the initiating role of pulmonary veins in atrial fibrillation (AF) has led to the development of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The efficacy of PVI is high for paroxysmal AF, whereas it is limited for non-paroxysmal AF. This fact highlights the necessity of understanding the mechanism through which AF is maintained, to develop ablation strategies that would be required in addition to the PVI.

Robotic Lobectomy with a Single Robotic Stapler from One 12-mm Port: A Multi-institutional Study.

Introduction of the robotic stapler has allowed robotic lobectomy to be performed from a surgical console in complete autonomy. The robotic stapler fits a 12-mm port, which is larger than the standard 8-mm port and increases the risk of postoperative pain. However, in many cases, to cover all possible angles of approach, two 12-mm ports are preferably used.

Successful treatment with traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine) Yokukansan as a migraine prophylactic drug: A case report.

Rationale: The use of anti-CGRP antibody drugs as migraine preventive drugs is increasing worldwide, but there are still a certain number of cases where antibody drugs are ineffective or cannot be used due to high prices. Conventional prophylactic drugs or traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine) are still often used in such cases. However, to date, only limited evidence supports the efficacy of kampo medicine for headaches because these treatments have been used primarily empirically and traditionally.

Mapping-Guided Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (MAP-AF): A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The clinical outcome of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is suboptimal. Mapping studies have demonstrated atrial sites outside of the pulmonary veins displaying focal activation patterns during AF. We sought to determine whether adding catheter ablation of focal activation sites to PVI improves clinical outcomes of catheter ablation for persistent AF.

Nilotinib vs dasatinib in achieving MR4.5 for de novo chronic myeloid leukemia: the randomized JALSG CML212 study.

Deep molecular response (DMR) is a prerequite for treatment-free remission (TFR) in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). The JALSG (Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group) conducted a prospective randomized phase 3 CML212 study for de novo CML-CP to compare the cumulative achievement of molecular response 4.5 (MR4.

Fanconi syndrome with karyomegalic interstitial nephritis after ifosfamide treatment for osteosarcoma: a case report.

Patients with ifosfamide-induced renal damage present with Fanconi syndrome. Karyomegalic nephropathy/interstitial nephritis (KNIN) is a rare form of chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis that was initially considered a type of familial nephropathy. However, several reports of drug-induced KNIN, i.

Lenvatinib radiofrequency ablation sequential therapy offers survival benefits for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma at intermediate stage and the liver reserve of Child-Pugh A category: A multicenter study.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib radiofrequency ablation (RFA) sequential therapy for certain hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: One hundred and nineteen patients with unresectable HCC in the intermediate stage with Child-Pugh A were retrospectively recruited in a multicenter setting. Those in the lenvatinib RFA sequential therapy group received lenvatinib initially, followed by RFA and the retreatment with lenvatinib.