Neuroprotective Effects of Cordyceps cicadae (Ascomycetes) Mycelium Extract in the Rat Model of Optic Nerve Crush.

Cordyceps cicadae mycelium is an herbal medicine used to provide anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic actions. However, little is known about the role of C. cicadae mycelium in neuroprotection.

Integrated Resource Management for Fog Networks.

In this paper, we consider integrated resource management for fog networks inclusive of intelligent energy perception, service level agreement (SLA) planning and replication-based hotspot offload (RHO). In the beginning, we propose an intelligent energy perception scheme which dynamically classifies the fog nodes into a hot set, a warm set or a cold set, based on their load conditions. The fog nodes in the hot set are responsible for a quality of service (QoS) guarantee and the fog nodes in the cold set are maintained at a low-energy state to save energy consumption.

What is the relationship between government response and COVID-19 pandemics? Global evidence of 118 countries.

Using daily data of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) covering 118 countries from January 1 to April 13, 2021, this research examines the relationship between the government response stringency index () and COVID-19 pandemic. The empirical results show that significantly negatively impacts confirmed cases, and the effects are especially larger around 14 to 21 days after the implementation of the government response. These results are robust through analysis with sub-samples of Asian countries and non-Asian countries, proving that public prevention policies of being isolated for 14 days and being observed for 7 days are effective.

Medicinal Components in Edible Mushrooms on Diabetes Mellitus Treatment.

Mushrooms belong to the family "Fungi" and became famous for their medicinal properties and easy accessibility all over the world. Because of its pharmaceutical properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties, it became a hot topic among scientists. However, depending on species and varieties, most of the medicinal properties became indistinct.

Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Induction of 6,7-Dehydroroyleanone from Bark Essential Oil in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of essential oil and its phytochemical on the Hep G2 cell line (human hepatocellular carcinoma). Bark essential oil has significant cytotoxicity to Hep G2 cells, and S3 fraction is the most active fraction in cytotoxicity to Hep G2 cells among the six fractions. The diterpenoid quinone, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, was isolated from the active S3 fraction by bioassay-guided isolation.

Lowering the Intraocular Pressure in Rats and Rabbits by Extract and Its Active Compounds.

(CC), an entomogenous fungus that has been reported to have therapeutic glaucoma, is a major cause of blindness worldwide and is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, mostly due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Here, an ethanolic extract of mycelium (CCME), a traditional medicinal mushroom, was studied for its potential in lowering IOP in rat and rabbit models. Data showed that CCME could significantly (60.

A Sports Nutrition Perspective on the Impacts of Hypoxic High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Appetite Regulatory Mechanisms: A Narrative Review of the Current Evidence.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and low-oxygen exposure may inhibit the secretion of appetite-stimulating hormones, suppress appetite, and inhibit dietary intake. Physiological changes affecting appetite are frequent and include appetite hormone (ghrelin, leptin, PYY, and GLP-1) effects and the subjective loss of appetite, resulting in nutritional deficiencies. This paper is a narrative review of the literature to verify the HIIT effect on appetite regulation mechanisms and discusses the possible relationship between appetite effects and the need for high-intensity exercise training in a hypoxic environment.

Role of Infodemics on Social Media in the Development of People's Readiness to Follow COVID-19 Preventive Measures.

Unparalleled levels of misinformation have contributed to widespread misunderstandings about the nature of the coronavirus, its cure and preventative measures. Misinformation crosses borders rapidly with the help of social media, and this phenomenon is constantly increasing. Thus, the current study proposes a research framework to explore how citizens' trust in government and social media influences their readiness to follow COVID-19 preventive measures.

Effects of Perch Essence Supplementation on Improving Exercise Performance and Anti-Fatigue in Mice.

Silver perch () has many nutrition and health benefits, being a rich source of macro and micronutrients, phospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a variety of essential minerals while having a high protein content. In addition to direct consumption, it is often made into a soup as an important nutritional supplement for strengthening the body and delaying fatigue. By extracting the essence, its quality can be controlled, and it is convenient to supplement.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GKLC1 ameliorates cisplatin-induced chronic nephrotoxicity by inhibiting cell inflammation and apoptosis.

Sustained usage of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin may lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite cisplatin being toxic to the kidneys, the efficiency of its therapeutic effects cannot be completely replaced with other drugs. Probiotics can produce various strain-specific health-promoting effects and suppress many specific diseases.

Pilot Study: Nutritional and Preclinical Safety Investigation of Fermented Hispidin-Enriched Mycelia: A Promising Functional Food Material to Improve Sleep.

Sleep disturbances have been the hallmark of the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Studies have shown that once sleep is disrupted, it can lead to psychological and physical health issues which can, in turn, disrupt circadian rhythm and induce further sleep disruption. As consumers are trying to establish healthy routines, nutritional and preclinical safety investigation of fermented hispidin-enriched mycelia (GKSS) as a novel food material for spontaneous sleep in Sprague-Dawley rats is conducted for the first time.

Hericium erinaceus mycelium ameliorate anxiety induced by continuous sleep disturbance in vivo.

Background: Sleep disruption is a major public health issue and may increase the risk of mortality by ten-folds if an individual is sleeping less than 6 h per night. Sleep has changed dramatically during to the COVID-19 pandemic because COVID symptoms can lead to psychological distress including anxiety. Hericium erinaceus mycelium has been widely investigated in both the in vivo studies and clinical trials for its neuroprotective functions because the mycelium contains hericenones and erinacines, which synthesize the nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Erinacine A-Enriched Mycelium Delays Progression of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Senescence Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Mice.

There have been many reports on the neuroprotective effects of mycelium, in which the most well-known active compounds found are diterpenoids, such as erinacine A. Previously, erinacine A-enriched mycelium (EAHEM) was shown to decrease amyloid plaque aggregation and improve cognitive disability in Alzheimer's disease model APP/PS1 mice. However, its effects on brain aging have not yet been touched upon.

Smart Clothing as a Noninvasive Method to Measure the Physiological Cardiac Parameters.

In response to global aging, there have been improvements in healthcare, exercise therapy, health promotion, and other areas. There is a gradually increasing demand for such equipment for health purposes. The main purpose of smart clothing is to monitor the physical health status of the user and analyze the changes in physiological signals of the heart.

Patient-Derived Tumor Chemosensitization of GKB202, an Mycelium-Derived Bioactive Compound.

Oral cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancers are the three most common cancers, leading to 18,000 cases of cancer-related mortality in Taiwan per year. To bridge the gap towards clinical translation, we developed a circulating tumor cell (CTC) organoid culture workflow that efficiently expands CTC from patients to test mycelium-derived bioactive compounds. Three ACM-derived bioactive compounds were evaluated for tumor chemosensitization characteristics.

Perceptions of tourists of the resources, ecological service functions and recreation value of the Guanwu National Forest Recreation Area.

This study surveyed visitor perceptions of the resources of the Guanwu National Forest Recreation Area (GNFRA) in Taiwan', their perceptions toward the ecosystem service functions of the GNFRA, their expectations and opinions on its management, and their recreational activities. Independent sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the influences of the backgrounds of respondents on their perceptions toward the ecosystem service functions of the GNFRA. The importance-performance analysis (IPA) method was used to explore evaluations by tourists on the management of the GNRFA.

Safety assessment of HEA-enriched mycelia on the central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular system, and respiratory system in ICR male mice.

, an entomopathogenic fungus, is a source of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Due to the low yield of wild , artificial cultivation approaches will be needed to meet the increasing market demand. Using bioreactor culture can increase mass production and the abundance of the active component, N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA).

GKM3 Promotes Longevity, Memory Retention, and Reduces Brain Oxidation Stress in SAMP8 Mice.

(1) Background: An age-related cognitive decline is commonly affecting the life of elderly with symptoms involved in progressive impairments to memory and learning. It has been proposed that probiotics could modulate age-related neurological disorders via the gut-brain axis. (2) Methods: To investigate the anti-aging effect of probiotic GKM3, both survival tests and cognitive experiments were conducted in the SAMP8 mice model.

Antimelanogenesis Effects of Leaf Extract and Phytochemicals from Ceylon Olive () in Zebrafish Model.

The melanogenesis inhibition effect in zebrafish () and antityrosinase activity of the ethanolic extract and its phytochemicals from Ceylon olive ( Linn.) leaves were investigated in this study. Among the leaf extract and four soluble fractions, the ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibits the best antityrosinase and antimelanogenesis activities.

Preclinical Bioavailability, Tissue Distribution, and Protein Binding Studies of Erinacine A, a Bioactive Compound from Mycelia Using Validated LC-MS/MS Method.

Erinacine A, derived from the mycelia of , has attracted much attention due to its neuroprotective properties. However, very few studies have been conducted on the bioavailability, tissue distribution, and protein binding of erinacine A. This study aimed to investigate the bioavailability, tissue distribution, and protein binding of erinacine A in Sprague-Dawley rats.

A triterpenoid-enriched extract of bitter melon leaves alleviates hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting inflammatory responses in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice.

Liver fibrosis is a progression of chronic liver disease characterized by excess deposition of fibrillary collagen. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of a triterpenoid-enriched extract (TEE) from bitter melon leaves against carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. Male ICR mice received TEE (100 or 150 mg kg) by daily oral gavage for one week before starting CCl administration and throughout the entire experimental period.

Evaluation of Motor Coordination and Antidepressant Activities of ct. Linalool Leaf Oil in Rodent Model.

plants (Lauraceae) are a woody species native to South and Southeast Asia forests, and are widely used as food flavors and traditional medicines. This study aims to evaluate the chemical constituents of ct. linalool leaf oil, and its antidepressant and motor coordination activities and the other behavioral evaluations in a rodent animal model.

Factors Associated with Free Hospital Outpatient Service Use among Middle-Aged and Older Urban Homeless Adults in Taipei.

Homeless individuals have many negative experiences with inequality regarding access to and the use of primary healthcare services, so policies to eliminate the disparities in and barriers to primary care access for these people are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the use and determinants of free hospital outpatient services for homeless people, in order to describe the provision of free healthcare policies for this vulnerable population in Taipei. One cross-sectional survey was conducted to recruit homeless people aged 45 years old and over in Taipei in 2018.