Facile Synthesis of Nanostructured Lithium-Incorporated Titanium Oxides (Li-TiO ) by Means of Wet Corrosion Process (WCP) and Their Potential Application for Batteries.

Currently, there is a growing demand for nanomaterials in the fields of materials and energy. Nanostructured metal oxides have been widely studied, owing to their unique and diverse physicochemical properties and potential applications in various fields. In recent years, considerable attention has been directed toward metal oxides, particularly lithium-incorporated titanium oxides (Li-TiO ), owing to their exceptional safety profiles.

PI5P4K inhibitors: promising opportunities and challenges.

Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4K), also known as type II PIPKs or PIPKIIs, convert the lipid second messenger PI5P to PI(4,5)P. The PI5P4K family consists of three isozymes in mammals-PI5P4Kα, β, and γ-which notably utilize both GTP and ATP as phosphodonors. Unlike the other two isozymes, which can utilize both ATP and GTP, PI5P4Kβ exhibits a marked preference for GTP over ATP, acting as an intracellular GTP sensor that alters its kinase activity in response to physiological changes in GTP concentration.

Ultrasmall α-MnO with Low Aspect Ratio: Applications to Electrochemical Multivalent-Ion Intercalation Hosts and Aerobic Oxidation Catalysts.

Hollandite-type α-MnO exhibits exceptional promise in current industrial applications and in advancing next-generation green energy technologies, such as multivalent (Mg, Ca, and Zn) ion battery cathodes and aerobic oxidation catalysts. Considering the slow diffusion of multivalent cations within α-MnO tunnels and the catalytic activity at edge surfaces, ultrasmall α-MnO particles with a lower aspect ratio are expected to unlock the full potential. In this study, ultrasmall α-MnO (<10 nm) with a low aspect ratio (c/a ≈ 2) is synthesized using a newly developed alcohol solution process.

Dielectric properties depend on the crystal structure of perovskite-type RbTaO synthesized at high pressure.

We successfully synthesized perovskite-type RbTaO at 1173 K under 4 GPa. RbTaO crystalized as a cubic system (3̄ space group (SG), = 4.04108(3) Å) at 300 K in contrast to the orthorhombic perovskite-type RbNbO prepared under the same conditions.

Sensory Characteristics and Impact of Flavanol-Rich Grape and Blueberry Extract on Blood Flow Velocity and Oxidative Stress.

Background: Several epidemiological studies and intervention trials have demonstrated that grapes and blueberries, which are rich in flavanols, can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds remain unclear due to their low bioavailability.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the sensory properties, blood flow velocity, and oxidative stress of a polyphenol rich grape and blueberry extract (PEGB) containing approximately 16% flavanols (11% monomers and 4% dimers).

Synchronization of brain activity associated with eye contact: comparison of face-to-face and online communication.

Online meetings have become increasingly prevalent, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Although they offer convenience and effectiveness in various contexts, there is a pertinent question about whether they truly replicate the richness of in-person communication. This study delves into the distinctions between online and face-to-face interactions, with a particular focus on the synchronization of brain activity.

Optimized fuzzy logic and sliding mode control for stability and disturbance rejection in rotary inverted pendulum.

This paper presents a novel and comprehensive control framework for the Rotary Inverted Pendulum (RIP), focusing on a hybrid control strategy that addresses the limitations of conventional methods in nonlinear and complex systems. The proposed controller synergistically combines an Optimized Fuzzy Logic Controller (OFLC) with Sliding Mode Control (SMC), leveraging the strengths of both techniques to achieve superior performance. The integration of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) into the OFLC significantly enhances its adaptability and precision, while the SMC law provides robust disturbance rejection and system stability.

Synthesis of Atropisomeric Quinazolin-4-one Derivatives Based on Remote H/D and C/C Discrimination.

Both enantiomers of 2-ethylquinazolin-4-ones bearing -CHO/CDO and CHO/CHO phenyl groups at the N3 position were prepared. These are isotopic atropisomeric compounds based on a remote and conformationally flexible H/D and C/C discrimination, and it was found that a CHCl solution of -CHO/CDO derivative shows a slight specific optical rotation. Furthermore, diastereomeric quinazolinone derivatives bearing a chiral carbon were prepared, and their stereochemical purities and rotational stability as well as the isotopic atropisomerism were verified by H NMR and chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses.

Corrigendum to "Investigating hormesis, aging, and neurodegeneration: From bench to clinics".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0986.].

Double configuration interaction singles: Scalable and size-intensive approach for orbital relaxation in excited states and bond-dissociation.

We present a novel theoretical scheme for orbital relaxation in configuration interaction singles (CIS) based on a perturbative treatment of its electronic Hessian, whose analytical derivation is also established in this work. The proposed method, which can be interpreted as a "CIS-then-CIS" scheme, variationally accounts for orbital relaxation in excited states, thus significantly reducing the overestimation of charge-transfer excitation energies commonly associated with standard CIS. In addition, by incorporating de-excitation effects from CIS, we demonstrate that our approach effectively describes single bond dissociation.

Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Dynamics in a Molecular Spin Liquid System.

The molecular triangular lattice system, β^{'}-EtMe_{3}Sb[Pd(dmit)_{2}]_{2}, is considered as a candidate material for the quantum spin liquid state, although ongoing debates arise from recent controversial results. Here, the results of electron spin resonance and muon-spin relaxation measurements on β^{'}-EtMe_{3}Sb[Pd(dmit)_{2}]_{2} are presented. Both results indicate characteristic behaviors related to quasi-one-dimensional spin dynamics, whereas the direction of anisotropy found in electron spin resonance is in contradiction with previous theories.

An immunohistochemical evaluation of fast twitch muscle formation induced by repeated administration of flavan 3-ols in mice.

Flavan-3-ols (FL) are poorly bioavailable astringent polyphenols that induce hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of repeated oral administration of FL on mice hindlimb skeletal muscle using immunohistochemical techniques. C57BL/6J male mice were orally administered 50 mg/kg of FL for a period of 2 weeks, and bromideoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered intraperitoneally 3 days prior to the dissection.

Verification of the interaction between human bitter taste receptor T2R46 and polyphenols; Computational chemistry approach.

Recent studies have indicated that the activation of bitter taste receptors (T2R) expressed in gastrointestinal secretory cells has a regulatory effect on the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones. Polyphenols are known to be ingested at a daily intake of 5 g or more and commonly have a bitter taste. Consequently, the interaction between the bitter taste receptor T2R46 and 490 polyphenols was investigated using simulation techniques.

Enhanced Durability of Ca Metal Battery with Dual Salt: Synergistic Effect on Solid Electrolyte Interphase and Solvation Structure for Improved Electrodeposition.

The use of Ca metal in battery technology is a promising approach owing to its high energy density and sustainability. However, the increased battery resistance during extended cycling significantly narrows its application range. This study aimed to improve the long-term stability of Ca deposition by employing a dual-salt strategy based on calcium monocarborane, Ca(CBH), which demonstrated favorable Ca deposition characteristics as a single-salt electrolyte.

Biofluorometric Acetone Gas Sensor of Sub-ppbv Level Sensitivity.

Acetone gas in exhaled breath and skin gas is produced when fatty acids are used as an energy source in the body. The selective and sensitive continuous measurement of acetone gas would be useful for the early screening of diabetes mellitus, a condition characterized by increased fatty acid metabolism. In particular, there is a growing need for acetone gas sensors that enable the wearable measurement of trace concentrations of acetone gas emitted through the skin.

Four-class ASME BCI: investigation of the feasibility and comparison of two strategies for multiclassing.

Introduction: The ASME (stands for Auditory Stream segregation Multiclass ERP) paradigm is proposed and used for an auditory brain-computer interface (BCI). In this paradigm, a sequence of sounds that are perceived as multiple auditory streams are presented simultaneously, and each stream is an oddball sequence. The users are requested to focus selectively on deviant stimuli in one of the streams, and the target of the user attention is detected by decoding event-related potentials (ERPs).

Reducing Numerical Precision Requirements in Quantum Chemistry Calculations.

The abundant demand for deep learning compute resources has created a renaissance in low-precision hardware. Going forward, it will be essential for simulation software to run on this new generation of machines without sacrificing scientific fidelity. In this paper, we examine the precision requirements of a representative kernel from quantum chemistry calculations: the calculation of the single-particle density matrix from a given mean-field Hamiltonian (i.

Tandem Imaging of Breath Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Based on Multiwavelength Enzymatic Biofluorometry.

Highly sensitive and selective imaging of human-borne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) enables an intuitive understanding of their concentrations and release sites. While multi-VOC imaging methods have the potential to facilitate step-by-step metabolic tracking and improve disease screening accuracy, no such system currently exists. In this study, we achieved simultaneous imaging of ethanol (EtOH) and acetaldehyde (AcH), the starting molecule and an intermediate metabolite of alcohol metabolism, using a multiwavelength VOC imaging system.

Development of signal processing algorithms for delamination detection in composite laminates using non-contact excited Lamb waves.

A novel Signal Processing algorithm based on the combination of a Wavelet Transform Analysis and Image Processing techniques is designed for assessing the delamination detectability of Lamb Waves generated with an innovative fully non-contact system in CFRP plates. Several Damage Indexes are extracted from the wavefields in spatial-time-frequency domain and plotted as surface cartographies to visualise their ability to size and localise artificial delaminations. Results show that the algorithm is efficient for characterising the waves propagation and that sophisticated Image comparison indexes show better ability to detect the artificial defects and to recognise healthy zones despite signal measurement and calculation uncertainties.

Machine-Learning-Based Depression Detection Model from Electroencephalograph (EEG) Data Obtained by Consumer-Grade EEG Device.

There have been attempts to detect depression using medical-grade electroencephalograph (EEG) data based on a machine learning approach. EEG has garnered interest as a method for assessing brainwaves by attaching electrodes to the scalp to obtain electrical activity in the brain. Recently, machine learning has been applied to the EEG data to detect depression, with encouraging results.

Effect of cerium oxide on iron metabolism in mice.

The use of metal nanoparticles such as cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) in living organisms is attracting increasing attention. We administered nanoceria to chronic kidney disease model rats, including a 5/6 nephrectomy model and adenine administration model rats, and reported high phosphorus adsorption capacity and renal function improvement effects of nanoceria. However, the iron ion concentration in the serum fluctuated significantly after administration.

Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization in healthy adults acutely changes the tissue stiffness.

This study clarified whether instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) on the plantar surface changes abductor hallucis and plantar fascia stiffness at rest and medial longitudinal arch height under low- and high-loading conditions. IASTM was performed to one foot of the twenty-eight young men (IASTM condition), and the other foot of them was assigned to the control condition. Using ultrasonography, the resting shear wave propagation velocity of the abductor hallucis and plantar fascia and navicular height in a seated posture were determined.

Advancements in green diesel production for energy sustainability: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Green diesel as a second-generation biofuel has received enormous attention owing to the huge demand for renewable fuel for addressing the net zero target in 2050. This study examines the development of green diesel research through a bibliometric analysis. The state-of-the-art green diesel research is studied based upon 1285 documents (1153 articles and 132 reviews) retrieved from the Scopus database related to the used keywords.

Cryotherapy with carbon dioxide hydrate enhances immediate recovery of muscle function from neuromuscular fatigue.

This study investigated the effect of cryotherapy with carbon dioxide hydrate (CDH) on fatigue recovery of neuromuscular function and muscle blood circulation. Fourteen young males randomly received three types of 20-min recovery interventions (cryotherapy with CDH [CDH-condition] or normal ice [ICE-condition], or quiet sitting at room temperature [CON-condition]) 5 min following a fatiguing task (50 maximal effort isotonic contractions) on three separate days. The isotonic peak power of the knee extensors at 35 min after the fatiguing task in the CDH-condition (95% of baseline) was greater than that in the other conditions (82-89% of baseline;  ≤ 0.

Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Magnesium Chloride-Enriched Polyurethane Nanofiber Patches for Wound Dressings.

Purpose: Wound patches are essential for wound healing, yet developing patches with enhanced mechanical and biological properties remains challenging. This study aimed to enhance the mechanical and biological properties of polyurethane (PU) by incorporating magnesium chloride (MgCl) into the patch.

Methodology: The composite patch was fabricated using the electrospinning technique, producing nanofibers from a mixture of PU and MgCl solutions.