Thick-walled Gallbladder: A Pragmatic Management Approach.

Introduction: Thick-walled gallbladder (TWGB) is a common yet non-specific radiological finding associated with a wide range of gallbladder pathologies, including acute and chronic inflammation, infection, and malignancy. Among the inflammatory causes, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare but significant condition that often mimics gallbladder carcinoma. This paper presents a pragmatic approach to the diagnosis and management of TWGB, focusing on the complexities posed by XGC.

Traumatic Atrial Septal Defect with Tricuspid Regurgitation Following Blunt Chest Trauma Presenting as Hypoxemia: A Case Report.

Introduction: Although myocardial injury is common after blunt chest trauma, tricuspid valve injury associated with traumatic atrial septal defect resulting in acute hypoxia is an infrequent event. We report an unusual case of blunt chest trauma referred to us for unexplained hypoxemia, emphasizing the unusual nature of injury and the importance of comprehensive cardiac evaluation in such cases.

Case Report: A 35-year-old male presented to the emergency department after falling from a tree from an approximate height of 15 feet.

Clinical Profile and Quality of Life of Patients With Post-pulmonary Tuberculosis Sequelae Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background and objective There is a dearth of studies on the clinical presentation of patients with post-pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) sequelae and its impact on their quality of life (QoL). In light of this, we conducted this study to analyze the clinical profile and QoL in patients with post-PTB sequelae. Methods Patients with a history of treated PTB and evidence of radiological damage were enrolled prospectively from November 2018 till June 2020 to study their clinical profile and QoL as per the eligibility criteria.

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Sub-Clinical Synovitis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: The Disease Classification and Management.

Background: Ultrasonography (USG) is a perfect device for analyzing more than one joint in rather brief intervals of time and is well accepted by children with no harmful ionizing radiation, usually does not require sedation, and can be carried out without difficulty in an outpatient setting.

Purpose: To demonstrate the ability of ultrasonography (USG) in detecting clinical and subclinical synovitis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and compare the USG findings with clinical findings.

Methods: 20 patients with JIA diagnosed according to the ILAR criteria were include.

A study on the clinical, epidemiological profile and the outcome of the snake bite victims in kashmir valley.

Background: India is estimated to have the highest snakebite mortality in the world. In India, around 250,000 incidents of snake bite are reported annually with 50,000 deaths. There are about 236 species of snakes in India, most of which are nonpoisonous.

Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of Isolated from Small Ruminants in Kashmir Valley, India.

Background: Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is an emergent or re-emergent zoonosis and remains a public health and economic problem all over the world.

Methods: The present study was carried on the prevalence and genotypes of present in small ruminants in Kashmir valley. A total of 2100, sheep (2052) and goats (48), slaughtered or spontaneously dead, from various areas of Kashmir valley were screened for the presence of hydatidosis.

Cancer immunotherapy: a promising dawn in cancer research.

Cancer is a highly proliferative disease, which is caused due to the loss of regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis, DNA damage, faulty repair system etc. The cancer microenvironment plays a pivotal role in disease progression as they contain different types of innate and adaptive immune cells. The most important molecules that establish a correlation between inflammation, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and cancer are the molecules released by inflammatory cells in cancer microenvironment.

Conservative management of craniovertebral junction injuries: Still a good option.

Background: Injuries to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) are not uncommon, and are among the few skeletal injuries that carry a high mortality rate. Successful management of these injuries depends on familiarity with the normal anatomic relationships of this region, as well as prudent decision making regarding surgical versus conservative management alternatives.

Methods: The purpose of this study was to analyze the indications for conservative treatment of CVJ trauma and to analyze the outcomes.

Comparative efficacy of 5flourouracil/calcium leucovorine versus 5flourouracil/calcium leucovorine plus oxaliplatin in the adjuvant treatment of colonic carcinoma in Kashmir.

Aim: This prospective, randomized comparative study conducted in Kashmir evaluated the clinical profile of colonic carcinoma and the efficacy, side effects and survival advantage of adjuvant treatment with 5FU/CLV versus FOLFOX7.

Materials And Methods: Between 2007 and 2009, the clinical profiles of 50 patients enrolled and randomized equally into Arm A receiving 5FU/CLV alone (Mayo Clinic Regimen) and Arm B receiving the FOLFOX7 regimen (including oxaliplatin) were evaluated.

Results: Majority of the patients were in the 5(th) and 6(th) decade of life (males 70% versus females 30%), and most were from urban dwellings.

Leksell Gamma Knife : An Effective Non Invasive Treatment for Rare Case of Nelson's Syndrome.

Nelson's syndrome nowadays a rare entity results from an adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma in patients with refractory Cushing's disease after a therapeutic bilateral adrenal gland removal. We report a case of 25 year old female with cushing's disease who was initially managed with medical treatment, but in view of severe persistent hyper cortisol state was subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy following which she developed Nelson's syndrome after a gap of six years, which was difficult to diagnose because of limited investigations available. Patient was managed with stereotactic radiosurgery (gamma knife surgery).

Apoplexy in sellar metastasis: a case report and review of literature.

Apoplexy in sellar metastasis is very rare with only a few case reports in literature. A case of apoplexy in sellar metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma is reported and the literature is briefly reviewed. The patient presented with sudden onset headache and bi-lateral loss of vision following thyroidectomy in a case of follicular carcinoma thyroid with proven sellar metastasis.

Hematological response of pancytopenia to glucocorticoids in patients with Sheehan's syndrome.

Sheehan's syndrome presents with panhypopituitarism after childbirth, usually preceded by post partum hemorrhage. Hematological abnormalities like pancytopenia with hypocellular marrow in these patients are reported rarely. Though multiple hormone deficiencies may contribute to Pancytopenia in Sheehan's syndrome, complete recovery is observed after achieving eucortisolemic and euthyroid state.

Prevalence of hematological abnormalities in patients with Sheehan's syndrome: response to replacement of glucocorticoids and thyroxine.

Anemia and other hematological abnormalities are common in patients with Sheehan's syndrome. The response of these abnormalities to replacement of thyroxine and glucocorticoids is not clear. The aim of the present study was to document the profile of hematological abnormalities and response to treatment in patients with Sheehan's syndrome.

Nosocomial sepsis-induced late onset thrombocytopenia in a neonatal tertiary care unit: a prospective study.

Background And Objectives: Late onset sepsis (LOS)( onset of sepsis >72 hours of age or nosocomial sepsis) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Thrombocytopenia is an important complication of sepsis. We investigated the incidence of thrombocytopenia in LOS patients and studied the influence of various parameters on platelet response.

Clinical and etiological profile of hyperprolactinemia--data from a tertiary care centre.

Objective: To study the clinical presentation and etiology of hyperprolactinemia, a common disorder encountered in endocrine practice.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical data, hormone profile and imaging reports of 187 females with documented hyperprolactinemia, over a period of 6 years (5 years retrospective analysis and one year prospective study).

Results: Majority of the 187 subjects studied presented in 3rd or 4th decade.